@ARTICLE{Kimic_Kinga_Orchard_2019, author={Kimic, Kinga}, volume={vol. XLVII}, journal={Teka Komisji Urbanistyki i Architektury Oddziału Polskiej Akademii Nauk w Krakowie}, pages={163-174}, howpublished={online}, year={2019}, publisher={Oddział PAN w Krakowie}, abstract={Fruit tree orchards were present in some public parks from the very beginning of their existence in the 19th century. Apart from the utilitarian role, in the 20th and 21st centuries, they also gained different ones: ornamental — on account of high aesthetic qualities of fruit trees in the flowering and fruit-bearing seasons, environmental and ecological — related to supporting biodiversity, cultural — in the context of memory of old forms of using rural and allotment gardens, social — as a space for leisure, and even therapeutic — as an element of hortitherapy. The growing popularity of orchards indicates a change in the trends in contemporary public parks development.}, type={Artykuły / Articles}, title={Orchard as a special element of an urban park — history and the present}, URL={http://czasopisma.pan.pl/Content/114575/PDF/Teka%20KUiA%2047-19%2010%20KIMIC.pdf}, doi={10.24425/tkuia.2019.131172}, keywords={fruit trees, new trends in landscape architecture, orchard, public park}, }