Abstrakt
Canine parvovirus (CPV) is a single-stranded DNA virus that causes severe and fatal gastrointestinal diseases in dogs. CPV has developed several strategies to evade innate immune response mediated by type I interferons (IFN-I) to achieve a successful infection. The aim of this work was to evaluate the capability of CVP-2c to evade the IFN-I mediated response in infected cells. To establish the role of this response, the gene expression of interferon β (IFNβ), IFIT1, IFIT3, MAVS, and STING were estimated in MDCK cells infected with CPV-2c. Viral replication and gene expression was evaluated by quantitative PCR, also, a treatment with IFN-I (interferon omega) was included to confirm the role of IFN-I during CPV infection. The results revealed that CPV-2c infection stimulates the expression of IFNβ moderately, in these cells. Due to low IFNβ induction, the IFIT1 and IFIT3 expression were also low, and therefore CPV-2c was able to replicate in these cells. However, when the cells were treated with exogenous IFN-I, the IFNβ expression was higher, leading to an increased gene expression of IFIT1 and IFIT3, responsible for antiviral control. The overexpression of these proteins reduced the expression of NS1 and VP2 viral genes and hence viral replication. MAVS and STING expression on infected cells showed a mild increase compared to IFNβ, suggesting that the viral infection could partially modify its expression. All results obtained in this study showed that during CPV-2c infection in MDCK cells, the IFNβ expression was altered since this cytokine is one of the most critical factors for the control and inhibition of viral replication.
Przejdź do artykułu
Bibliografia
Akira S, Takeda K (2004) Toll-like receptor signalling. Nat Rev Immunol 4: 499-511.
Alcami A, Koszinowski UH (2000) Viral mechanisms of immune evasion. Trends Microbiol 8: 410-418.
Amaro NM (2003) Determinación del parvovirus canino en heces por medio de la técnica reacción en cadena de la polimerasa, México, Fac-ultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México.
Andrejeva J, Childs KS, Young DF, Carlos TS, Stock N, Goodbourn S, Randall RE (2004) The V proteins of paramyxoviruses bind the IFN-inducible RNA helicase, mda-5, and inhibit its activation of the IFN beta promoter. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 101: 17264-17269.
Chen AY, Kleiboeker S, Qiu J (2011) Productive Parvovirus B19 infection of primary human erythroid progenitor cells at hypoxia is regulat-ed by STAT5A and MEK signa- ling but not HIF alpha. PLoS Pathog 7: e1002088.
Cotmore SF, Tattersall P (1987) The autonomously replicating parvoviruses of vertebrates. Adv Virus Res 33: 91-174.
de Mari K, Maynard L, Eun HM, Lebreux B (2003) Treatment of canine parvoviral enteritis with interferon-omega in a placebo-controlled field trial. Vet Rec 152: 105-108.
de Weerd NA, Samarajiwa SA, Hertzog PJ (2007) Type I interferon receptors: biochemistry and biological functions. J Biol Chem 282: 20053-20057.
Diamond MS, Farzan M (2012) The broad-spectrum antiviral functions of IFIT and IFITM proteins. Nat Rev Immunol 13: 46-57.
Grekova S, Zawatzky R, Hörlein R, Cziepluch C, Mincberg M, Davis C, Rommelaere J, Daeffler L (2010) Activation of an antiviral response in normal but not transformed mouse cells: a new determinant of minute virus of mice oncotropism. J Virol 84: 516-531.
Gupta SK, Sahoo AP, Rosh N, Gandham RK, Saxena L, Singh AK, Harish DR, Tiwari AK (2016) Canine parvovirus NS1 induced apoptosis involves mitochondria, accumulation of reactive oxygen species and activation of caspases. Virus Res 213: 46-61.
Kaur G, Chandra M, Dwivedi PN, Sharma NS (2015) Isolation of canine parvovirus with a view to identify the preva- lent serotype on the basis of partial sequence analysis. Vet World 8: 52-56.
Kumar P, Sweeney TR, Skabkin MA, Skabkina OV, Hellen CU, Pestova TV (2014) Inhibition of translation by IFIT family members is determined by their ability to interact selectively with the 5´-terminal regions, cap0-, cap1- and 5´ppp- mRNAs. Nucleic Acids Res 42: 3228-3245.
Lee MS, Kim YJ (2007) Signaling pathways downstream of pattern recognition receptors and their cross talk. Annu Rev Biochem 76: 447-480.
Liu XY, Chen W, Wei B, Shan YF, Wang C (2011) IFN-induced TPR protein IFIT3 potentiates antiviral signaling by bridging MAVS and TBK1. J Immunol 187: 2559-2568.
Livak KJ, Schmittgen TD (2001) Analysis of relative gene expression data using real-time quantitative PCR and the 2-Delta Delta C(T) method. Methods 25: 402-408.
Mattei LM, Cotmore SF, Tattersall P, Iwasaki A (2013) Parvovirus evades interferon-dependent viral control in primary mouse embryonic fibroblast. Virology 442: 20-27.
Matzinger SR, Carroll TD, Fritts L, McChesney MB, Miller CJ (2011) Exogenous IFN-alpha administration reduces influenza A virus repli-cation in the lower respiratory tract of Rhesus macaques. PLoS One 6: e29255.
Nykky J, Vuento M, Gilbert L (2014) Role of mitochondria in parvovirus pathology. PLoS One 9: e86124.
Pichlmair A, Lassnig C, Eberle CA, Górna MW, Baumann CL, Burkard TR, Bürckstümmer T, Stefanovic A, Krieger S, Bennett KL, Rülicke T, Weber F, Colinge J, Müller M, Superti-Furga G (2011) IFIT1 is an antiviral protein that recognizes 5’-triphosphate RNA. Nat Immunol 2: 624-630.
Pollock RV (1982) Experimental canine parvovirus infection in dogs. Cornell Vet 72: 103–119.
Saxena L, Kumar GR, Saxena S, Chaturvedi U, Sahoo AP, Singh LV, Santra L, Palia SK, Desai GS, Tiwari AK (2013) Apoptosis induced by NS1 gene of canine parvovirus -2 is caspase dependent and p53 independent. Virus Res 173: 426-430.
Schlehofer JR, Rentrop M, Männel DN (1992) Parvoviruses are inefficient in inducing interferon-beta, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, or inter-leukin-6 in mammalian cells. Med Microbiol Immunol 181: 153-164.
Schoggins JW (2014) Interferon-stimulated genes: roles in viral pathogenesis. Curr Opin Virol 6: 40-46.
Shimomura S, Wong S, Brown KE, Komatsu N, Kajigaya S, Young NS (1993) Early and late gene expression in UT-7 cells infected with B19 parvovirus. Virology 194: 149-156.
Takeuchi O, Akira S (2010) Pattern recognition receptors and inflammation. Cell 140: 805-820.
Vladimer GI, Górna MW, Superti-Furga G (2014) IFITs: emerging roles as key anti-viral proteins. Front Immunol 5: 1-6. Front Immunol 5: 94.
Zevini A, Olagnier D, Hiscott J (2017) Crosstalk between cytoplasmic RIG-I and STING sensing pathways. Trends Immunol 38: 194-205.
Zhong B, Yang Y, Li S, Wang YY, Li Y, Diao F, Lei C, He X, Zhang L, Tien P, Shu HB (2008) The adaptor protein MITA links vi-rus-sensing receptors to IRF3 transcription factor activation. Immunity 29: 538-550.
Zhou P, Zeng W, Zhang X, Li S (2017) The genetic evolution of canine parvovirus - A new perspective. PLoS One 12: e0175035.
Przejdź do artykułu