Search results

Filters

  • Journals
  • Data

Search results

Number of results: 1
items per page: 25 50 75
Sort by:
Download PDF Download RIS Download Bibtex

Abstract

Bullying has long-lasting consequences for mental and physical health as well as relationships, but little is known about how bullying experiences at school-age impact social behaviors–and particularly social attachment–in adulthood. This qualitative study investigates the relationship between experiencing school bullying and social attachment patterns in early adulthood. The analysis comprises a retrospective study of young adults in Poland (n = 20) who were interviewed to investigate possible connections between their peer bullying experiences and current social lives. The findings reveal three major social attachment patterns in adulthood: social cushioning, anxious withdrawal, and desperate friendship-seeking. In the first pattern, a person acquires emotional and social security through attachment to a small peer circle. In the second, a young adult prefers solitude or limited social contact to avoid further negative experiences. In the third, a person seeks to be socially recovered and approved despite multiple failures and rejections.
Go to article

Bibliography

Ainsworth, Mary, D. S. 1978. The Bowlby-Ainsworth attachment theory. Behavioral and brain sciences, 1, 3: 436–438.
Ainsworth, Mary, D., Salter, Blehar, Mary, C., Waters, Everett, Wall, Sally, N. eds. 2015. Patterns of Attachment: A Psychological Study of the Strange Situation. Psychology Press. DOI: 10.4324/9780203758045.
Billari, Francesco C., Nicole, Hiekel, Aart, C., Liefbroer. 2019. The Social Stratification of Choice in the Transition to Adulthood. European Sociological Review, 35, 5: 599–615, DOI:10.1093/esr/jcz025.
Boulton, Michael, J., Underwood, Kerry. 1992. Bully/Victim Problems Among Middle School Children. British Journal of Educational Psychology, 62, 1: 73–87. DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8279.1992.tb01000.x.
Bowlby, John. 1969. Attachment and Loss, Vol. 1: Attachment. Attachment and Loss. New York: Basic Books.
Bowlby, John. 1982. Attachment and loss: Retrospect and prospect. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 52, 4: 664–678. DOI:10.1111/j.1939-0025.1982.tb01456.x.
Brendgen, Mara, Poulin, François. 2018. Continued Bullying Victimization from Childhood to Young Adulthood: a Longitudinal Study of Mediating and Protective Factors. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 46, 1: 27–39. DOI:10.1007/s10802-017-0314-5.
Burton, Kelly, Alex, Florell, Dan, Wygant, Dustin. B. 2013. The role of peer attachment and normative beliefs about aggression on traditional bullying and cyberbullying. Psychology in the Schools, 50, 2: 103–115.
Cassidy, Jude, Asher, Steven, R. 1992. Loneliness and peer relations in young children. Child Development, 63, 2: 350–365.
Coplan, Robert, J., Rubin, Kennet, H. 2010. Social withdrawal and shyness in childhood: History, theories, definitions, and assessments. In K. H. Rubin, R. J. Coplan, eds. The development of shyness and social withdrawal. The Guilford Press, 3–20.
Corsaro, William, A., Eder, Donna. 1990. Children’s peer cultures. Annual Review of Sociology, 16, 1: 197–220. DOI:10.1146/annurev.so.16.080190.001213.
deLara, Ellen, W. 2019. Consequences of childhood bullying on mental health and relationships for young adults. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 28, 9: 2379–2389. DOI:10.1007/s10826-019-01515-4.
deLara, Ellen, W. 2022. Family Bullying in Childhood: Consequences for Young Adults. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 37, 3-4: NP2206-NP2226. DOI:10.1177/0886260520934450.
Eisenstadt, Shmuel, N. ed. 1956. From Generation to Generation: Age Groups and Social Structure. Routledge. DOI:10.4324/9781315007199.
Fox, Claire, L., Boulton, Michael, J. 2005. The social skills problems of victims of bullying: Self, peer and teacher perceptions. British Journal of Educational Psychology, 75, 2: 313–328. DOI:10.1348/000709905X25517.
Freeman, Harry, Brown, Bradford, B. 2001. Primary attachment to parents and peers during adolescence: Differences by attachment style. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 30, 6: 653–674. DOI:10.1023/A:1012200511045.
Gazelle, Heidi. 2008. Behavioral profiles of anxious solitary children and heterogeneity in peer relations. Developmental Psychology, 44,6: 1604. DOI:10.1037/a0013303.
Gazelle, Heidi. 2013. Is Social Anxiety in the Child or in the Anxiety‐Provoking Nature of the Child’s Interpersonal Environment? Child Development Perspectives, 7, 4: 221–226. DOI:10.1111/cdep.12044.
Goodboy, Alan, K., Martin, Matthew, M., Goldman, Zachary, W. 2016. Students’ experiences of bullying in high school and their adjustment and motivation during the first semester of college. Western Journal of Communication, 80, 1: 60–78.
Hawker, David, S., Boulton, Michael, J. 2000. Twenty years’ research on peer victimization and psychosocial maladjustment: A meta-analytic review of cross-sectional studies. The Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry and Allied Disciplines, 41, 4: 441–455.
Heinz, Walter, R. 2009. Youth transitions in an age of uncertainty. In Furlong, A. ed. Handbook of youth and young adulthood. New perspectives and agendas. London, New York: Routledge, 3–13.
Jantzer, Amanda, M., Hoover, John, H., Narloch, Rodger. 2006. The relationship between school-aged bullying and trust, shyness and quality of friendships in young adulthood: A preliminary research note. School Psychology International, 27, 2: 146–156. DOI:10.1177/0143034306064546.
Lansford, Jennifer E. Yu, Tianyi, Pettit, Gregory, S. Bates, John E. Dodge, Kenneth A. 2014. Pathways of peer relationships from childhood to young adulthood. Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology, 35, 2: 111–117. DOI:10.1016/j.appdev.2013.12.002.
Lund, Rikke, Nielsen, Karoline Kragelund, Hansen, Ditte, Hjorth, Kriegbaum, Margit, Molbo, Drude, Due, Pernille, Christensen, Ulla. 2009. Exposure to bullying at school and depression in adulthood: A study of Danish men born in 1953. The European Journal of Public Health, 19, 1: 111–116.
Marcus, Robert F. Kramer, Catherine. 2001. Reactive and proactive aggression: Attachment and social competence predictors. The Journal of Genetic Psychology, 162, 3: 260–275.
Mondry, Maria, Popyk, Anzhela, Pustułka, Paula, Winogrodzka, Dominika, Wójcik, Małgorzata. 2021. ‘BULTRA: School Bulying and Transitions to Adulthood: Reconstruction and Evaluation the Role of Bullying in Trasitions’, Youth Working Papers, 2/2021 Warszawa: SWPS Uniwersytet Humanistycznospołeczny – Młodzi w Centrum LAB. ISSN: 2543–5213 DOI: 10.23809/12.
Murphy, Tia Panfile, Laible, Deborah, Augustine, Mairin. 2017. The influences of parent and peer attachment on bullying. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 26, 5: 1388–1397. DOI:10.1007/s10826-017-0663-2.
Nickerson, Amanda B. Nagle, Richard J. 2005. Parent and peer attachment in late childhood and early adolescence. The Journal of Early Adolescence, 25, 2: 223-249. DOI:10.1177/0272431604274174.
Oldfield, Jeremy, Humphrey, Neil, Hebron, Judith. 2016. The role of parental and peer attachment relationships and school connectedness in predicting adolescent mental health outcomes. Child and Adolescent Mental Health, 21, 1: 21–29. DOI:10.1111/camh.12108.
Olweus, Dan. 1993. Bullies on the playground: The role of victimization. In: C. H. Hart, ed. Children on playgrounds: Research perspectives and applications. State University of New York Press, 85–128.
Olweus, Dan. 1997. Bully/victim problems in school: Facts and intervention. European Journal of Psychology of Education, 12, 4: 495–510. DOI:10.1007/BF03172807.
Östberg, Viveca, Modin, Bitte, Låftman, Sara, Brolin. 2018. Exposure to school bullying and psychological health in young adulthood: A prospective 10-year follow-up study. Journal of School Violence, 17, 2: 194–209. DOI:10.1080/15388220.2017.1296770.
Pepler, D. J., Craig, W. M., Connolly, J. A., Yuile, A., McMaster, L., Jiang, D. 2006. A developmental perspective on bullying. Aggressive Behavior: Official Journal of the International Society for Research on Aggression, 32, 4: 376–384.
Piaget, Jean. 1932. The moral judgment of the child. Harcourt, Brace.
Piaget, Jean. 1970. Science of education and the psychology of the child. Trans. D. Coltman. Orion.
Popyk, Anzhela. 2024. Skala i uwarunkowania przemocy rówieśniczej – wyniki Diagnozy przemocy wobec dzieci w Polsce 2023. Dziecko krzywdzone – Teoria, badania, praktyka, 22, 4: 37–62.
Rindfuss, Ronald, R. 1991. The young adult years: Diversity, structural change, and fertility. Demography, 28, 4: 493–512.
Rubin, Kenneth H. Chen, Xinyin, Hymel, Shelley.1993. Socioemotional characteristics of withdrawn and aggressive children. Merrill-Palmer Quarterly (1982-): 518–534.
Rubin, Kennet, H., Caplan, Robert, J., Bowker, Julie. 1995. Social withdrawal in childhood: Conceptual and empirical perspectives. Advances in Clinical Child Psychology, 17, 157–196.
Rubin, Kennet. H., Coplan, Robert. J. 2002. Social withdrawal and shyness. In: P. K. Smith, C. H. Hart, eds. Blackwell handbook of childhood social development. Blackwell Publishing, 330–352.
Rubin, Kennet. H., Dwyer, Kathleen, M., Booth-LaForce, Cathryn, Kim, Angel, H., Burgess, Kim, B., Rose-Krasnor, Linda. 2004. Attachment, friendship, and psychosocial functioning in early adolescence. The Journal of Early Adolescence, 24, 4: 326–356.
Mechthild, Schäfer, Stefan. Korn, Peter, K. Smith, Simon, C. Hunter, Joaqún, A. Mora-Merchán, Monika, M. Singer, Kevin van der Meulen, M. Barrett. 2004. Lonely in the crowd: Recollections of bullying. British Journal of Developmental Psychology, 22, 3: 379–394. DOI:10.1348/0261510041552756.
Smokowski, Paul, R., Evans, Caroline, B. 2019. Bullying and Victimization across the Lifespan. Springer International Publishing.
Thompson, Ross. A. 2008. Early attachment and later development: Familiar questions, new answers. In: J. Cassidy, P. R. Shaver, eds. Handbook of attachment: Theory, research, and clinical applications. The Guilford Press, 348–365.
Tritt, Caroline, Duncan, Renae. D. 1997. The relationship between childhood bullying and young adult self‐esteem and loneliness. The Journal of Humanistic Education and Development, 36, 1: 35–44.
Ttofi, Maria, M., Farrington, David, P., Lösel, Friedrich, Loeber, Rolf. 2011. Do the victims of school bullies tend to become depressed later in life? A systematic review and meta‐analysis of longitudinal studies. Journal of Aggression, Conflict and Peace Research, 3, 2: 63–73. DOI:10.1108/17596591111132873.
Walden, Laura, M., Beran, Tanya, N. 2010. Attachment quality and bullying behavior in school-aged youth. Canadian Journal of School Psychology, 25, 1: 5–18. DOI:10.1177/0829573509357046.
Wengraf, Tom. 2001. Qualitative Research Interviewing: Biographic Narrative and Semi-Structured Methods. CA: Sage. DOI:10.1002/hrdq.1054.
Wolke, Diete, Copeland, William, E., Angold, Adrian, Costello, E. Jane. 2013. Impact of bullying in childhood on adult health, wealth, crime, and social outcomes. Psychological Science, 24, 10: 1958–1970.
Wójcik, Małgorzata, Kozak, Beata. 2015. Bullying and exclusion from dominant peer group in Polish middle schools. Polish Psychological Bulletin, 46, 1: 2–14.
Go to article

Authors and Affiliations

Anzhela Popyk
1
Paula Pustułka
1
ORCID: ORCID
Małgorzata Wójcik
2
Maria Mondry
2

  1. Uniwersytet SWPS
  2. Uniwersytet SWPS, Katowice

This page uses 'cookies'. Learn more