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Investigation of the process of adsorption of heavy metals in coastal sands containing micro-plastics, with special attention to the effect of aging process and bacterial spread in micro-plastics

Sara Seyfi Homayoun Katibeh Monireh Heshami
Archives of Environmental Protection | 2021 | 47 | 3 | 50-59 | DOI: 10.24425/aep.2021.138463
Keywords adsorption aging heavy metals Erythrobacter microplastics
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Abstract

The chief purpose of this study is to investigate the process of adsorption of heavy metals in sands containing microplastics due to aging and bacterial culture. For this purpose, first, the experiment’s conditions were determined by reviewing previous studies and examining the effects of factors on the duration of bacterial culture and UV radiation. Finally, the test conditions were determined as follows: 25 g of adsorbent in 250 ml solution containing 50 mg/l of lead, cadmium, copper, zinc, chromium, and nickel, 750 micrograms of microplastic, bacterial culture time two days, aging time with UV light 14 days. Results of the study show that the addition of virgin microplastics has little effected on increasing the adsorbent strength, except in the case of nickel whichreduces adsorption strength. The aging process increases the absorption of all studied metals by up to 60%. Bacterial culture without an aging process reduces the absorption of nickel and cadmium. Simultaneous use of bacterial culture and aging increases the adsorption power by up to 80% for all metals.
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Authors and Affiliations

Sara Seyfi
1
Homayoun Katibeh
1
Monireh Heshami
2
  1. Mining Exploration in Mining & Metallurgical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
  2. Mineral Processing in Mining Engineering, University of Kashan, Kashan, Iran

Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of the EN AC-AlSi12CuNiMg Alloy and AlSi Composite Reinforced with SiC Particles

G.G. Sirata K. Wacławiak A.J. Dolata
Archives of Foundry Engineering | 2024 | vol. 24 | No 2 | 50-59 | DOI: 10.24425/afe.2024.149271
Keywords Metal matrix composites (MMCs) Mechanical properties SiC particle reinforcement Microstructure analysis Fractography
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Abstract

There is growing interest in developing more advanced materials, as conventional materials are unable to meet the demands of the automotive, aerospace, and military industries. To meet the needs of these sectors, the use of advanced materials with superior properties, such as metal matrix composites, is essential. This paper discusses the evaluation of microstructural and mechanical properties of conventional eutectic EN AC-AlSi12CuNiMg aluminum alloy (AlSi12) and advanced composite based on EN AC-AlSi12CuNiMg alloy matrix with 10 wt% SiC particle reinforcement (AlSi12/10SiCp). The microstructure of these materials was investigated with the help of metallographic techniques, specifically using a light microscope (LM) and a scanning electron microscope (SEM). The results of the microstructural analysis show that the SiC particles are uniformly distributed in the matrix. The results of the mechanical tests indicate that the tensile properties and hardness of the AlSi12/10SiCp composite are significantly higher than those of the unreinforced eutectic alloy. For AlSi12/10SiCp composite, the tensile strength is 21% higher, the yield strength is 16% higher, the modulus of elasticity is 20% higher, and the hardness is 11% higher than unreinforced matrix alloy. However, the unreinforced AlSi12 alloy has a percentage elongation that is 16% higher than the composite material. This shows that the AlSi12/10SiCp composite has a lower ductility than the unreinforced AlSi12 alloy. The tensile specimens of the tested composite broke apart in a brittle manner with no discernible neck development, in contrast to the matrix specimens, which broke apart in a ductile manner with very little discernible neck formation.
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Authors and Affiliations

G.G. Sirata
1
ORCID: ORCID
K. Wacławiak
1
ORCID: ORCID
A.J. Dolata
1
  1. Department of Materials Technologies, Faculty of Materials Engineering, Silesian University of Technology, Krasińskiego 8, 40-019 Katowice, Poland

The impact of insecticides on the cotton mealybug, Phenacoccus solenopsis (Tinsley): Efficacy on potato, a new record of host plant in Egypt

Mohamed Rezk Abdel-Nasser T. Hassan Moustafa F. El-Deeb Nehal Shaarawy Youssef Dewer
Journal of Plant Protection Research | 2019 | vol. 59 | No 1 | 50-59 | DOI: 10.24425/jppr.2019.126042
Keywords cotton mealybugs neonicotinoid potato
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Abstract

The cotton mealybug, Phenacoccus solenopsis (Tinsley) (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae), has become a widespread pest causing serious losses in several economically important crops, particularly cotton. To the best of our knowledge this is the first record of cotton mealybug, P. solenopsis as a new pest of potato plants in Egypt. The insect was noticed on potato plants for the first time during the growing season of 2016 (mid-August 2016). Mealybug specimens were collected from infested potato plants and identified as P. solenopsis. In an attempt to control this insect pest species, seven insecticides viz. sulfoxaflor, abamectin + thiamethoxam, spirotetramat, thiamethoxam, imidacloprid, buprofezin, and pymetrozine, belonging to different chemical groups, were tested for their effect against nymphs and adult females of P. solenopsis on potato under field conditions. The obtained results indicated that sulfoxaflor, abamectin + thiamethoxam and spirotetramat had the highest efficacy against P. solenopsis recording 80.3–96.05% reduction of the insect population after 21 days of application. Thiamethoxam, imidacloprid, buprofezin and pymetrozine failed to exhibit sufficient P. solenopsis control.

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Authors and Affiliations

Mohamed Rezk
Abdel-Nasser T. Hassan
Moustafa F. El-Deeb
Nehal Shaarawy
Youssef Dewer

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