A large amount of solid and liquid wastes produced by mines and mills each year needs to be managed and minimized by alternative disposal methods like paste and dry stack. Increasingly strict environmental legislation and cost competitiveness also dictate the utilization of technically suitable, economically viable, environmentally acceptable, and socially responsible techniques. This paper reviews some of these techniques that could potentially reduce large volumes of mine wastes (with a focus on mine tailings and waste rocks) without causing significant environmental hazards. The new emerging techniques such as environmental desulphurization, covers built with sulphide-free tailings, co-disposal of tailings and waste rocks, geotextile tube dewatering, and use of tailings in the cement production and road construction for both industrial and environmental purposes are discussed in terms of waste minimization. The existing methods and approaches for efficient waste treatment and disposal are also discussed in this review paper.

In the article the Author tries to show that the particular character of the vision of the world and history is specially revealed in the cultural and historical metaphors prevailing in that culture and history. The Author presents two ways of understanding the term (metaphor) in historical research; the advantages and the limitations of investigation based on one of them.

Szukanie odpowiedzi na pytanie, jakie partyjne struk-tury i instytucje oraz stojący na ich czele politycy PZPR mieli decydujący wpływ na działanie prasy, radia i telewizji i tym samym realizowaną z ich udziałem politykę propagandową w I połowie lat 70., stanowi główny temat zaprezentowanych rozważań. Przeprowadzona analiza zachowanych źródeł historycznych pozwoliła stwierdzić, że na co dzień sterowano pracą wymienionych środków masowego przekazu z poziomu wydziałów propagandy KC PZPR. Te z kolei podlegały nadzorowi przez członków Biura Politycznego i Sekretariatu KC PZPR Jana Szydlaka i Jerzego Łukaszewicza.