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Measurement of eyepiece diopter of direct view imagers

Krzysztof Chrzanowski
Opto-Electronics Review | 2020 | 28 | 4 | 213-219 | DOI: 10.24425/opelre.2020.135373
Keywords diopter eyepiece night vision devices optical sight
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Abstract

This paper presents a detailed review on a present confused situation related to defining and measurement of the eyepiece diopter range of optical/electro-optical devices to be used for a direct observation by human observers. On the basis of this review three precise definitions of a direct view imagers eyepiece diopter are presented. One of these definitions is determined as optimal fit to describe the perception of human observers. Further on, design and measurement uncertainties of diopter meters are discussed and rules of accurate measurements are formulated. Finally, recommendations for the maximum acceptable errors of the diopter scale of eyepieces of classic types of direct view imagers are presented, as well.

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Authors and Affiliations

Krzysztof Chrzanowski
ORCID: ORCID

Crisis Remote Education from the Perspective of One-year Experience of Academic Teachers

Miłosz Wawrzyniec Romaniuk Joanna Łukasiewicz-Wieleba
International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications | 2021 | vol. 67 | No 2 | 213-219 | DOI: 10.24425/ijet.2021.135967
Keywords crisis remote education higher education distance teaching distance learning emergency e-learning COVID-19 SARS-CoV-2
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Abstract

The article presents the results of the questionnaire research carried out after the first and repeated after the second semester of crisis distance education, conducted at the Academy of Special Education. Academic lecturers participating in the study indicate a significant decrease in the level of commitment, activity, the regularity of work and the quality of performing tasks presented by students. Lecturers benefit from training and technical support organized by the university. They feel an acute inability to contact students personally, but appreciate the time savings and no need to travel to work. The respondents point to the problem of controlling student integrity during remote examinations. Growing experience in remote education results in higher IT competences and conviction to this type of teaching.
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Bibliography

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[7] M. W. Romaniuk and J. Łukasiewicz-Wieleba, ”Crisis Remote Education at The Maria Grzegorzewska University During Social Isolation in the Opinions of Students.” International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications, 66 (4), 2020, pp. 807-812, DOI: 10.24425/ijet.2020.135675.
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[19] M. W. Romaniuk, “Digital Competences of Maria Grzegorzewska Academy of Special Education Students – Method and Results of a Survey.” International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications, 61 (3), 2015, pp. 267-272, DOI: 10.1515/eletel-2015-0035.
[20] P. Du Preez and L. Le Grange, “The COVID-19 pandemic, online teaching/learning, the digital divide and epistemological access.” In: Re-thinking the Humanities Curriculum in the Time of COVID-19, L. Ramrathan, N. Ndimande-Hlongwa, N. Mkhize, J. A. Smit, Ed. Durban: CSSALL Publishers, 2020, pp. 90-106.
[21] K. Bertol, ”Nihil novi sub sole? Stare pytania. Jakie odpowiedzi?” In: Nauczanie po pandemii. Nowe pytania czy nowe odpowiedzi na stare pytania? Warszawa: Instytut Problemów Współczesnej Cywilizacji im. Marka Dietricha LXXII, 2020, s. 9-13.
[22] F. R. A. Ahmed, T. E. Ahmed, R. A. Saeed, H. Alhumyani, S. Abdel-Khalek, H. Abu-Zinadah, “Analysis and Challenges of Robust E-Exams Performance under COVID-19.” Results in Physics, 2021, 103987.
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[24] A. Kraśniewski, ”O jakości kształcenia w czasach COVID-19: stare odpowiedzi na nowe pytania?” In: Nauczanie po pandemii. Nowe pytania czy nowe odpowiedzi na stare pytania? Warszawa: Instytut Problemów Współczesnej Cywilizacji im. Marka Dietricha LXXII, 2020, s. 39-50.
[25] C. Rapanta, L. Botturi, P. Goodyear, L. Guàrdia and M. Koole, “Online university teaching during and after the Covid-19 crisis: Refocusing teacher presence and learning activity.” Postdigital Science and Education, 2 (3), 2020, pp. 923-945.
[26] G. Penkowska, “Polski e-learning w opiniach ekspertów (cz. II).” E-mentor, 4 (21), 2007, pp. 39-38.
[27] A. Elzainy, A. El Sadik and W. Al Abdulmonem, ”Experience of e-learning and online assessment during the COVID-19 pandemic at the College of Medicine, Qassim University.” Journal of Taibah University Medical Sciences, 15 (6), 2020, pp. 456-462.
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Authors and Affiliations

Miłosz Wawrzyniec Romaniuk
1
Joanna Łukasiewicz-Wieleba
1
  1. The Maria Grzegorzewska University, Warsaw, Poland

A test performance of optical fibre sensors for real-time investigations of rotational seismic events: a case study in laboratory and field conditions

Leszek R. Jaroszewicz Michał Dudek Anna T. Kurzych Krzysztof P. Teisseyre
Opto-Electronics Review | 2021 | 29 | 4 | 213-219 | DOI: 10.24425/opelre.2021.140102
Keywords Sagnac effect field tests rotational seismology fibre optic seismograph rotation rate signal analysis
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Abstract

Preliminary results of laboratory and field tests of fibre optic rotational seismographs designed for rotational seismology are presented. In order to meet new directions of the research in this field, there is clearly a great need for suitable and extremely sensitive wideband sensors. The presented rotational seismographs based on the fibre optic gyroscopes show significant advantages over other sensor technologies when used in the seismological applications. Although the presented results are prepared for systems designed to record strong events expected by the so-called “engineering seismology”, the described system modification shows that it is possible to construct a device suitable for weak events monitoring expected by basic seismological research. The presented sensors are characterized, first and foremost, by a wide measuring range. They detect signals with amplitudes ranging from several dozen nrad/s up to even few rad/s and frequencies from 0.01 Hz to 100 Hz. The performed Allan variance analysis indicates the sensors main parameters: angle random walk in the range of 3 ∙ 10 −8 - 2 ∙ 10 −7 rad/s and bias instability in the range of 2 ∙ 10 −9 - 2 ∙ 10 −8 rad/s depending on the device. The results concerning the registration of rotational seismic events by the systems located in Książ Castle, Poland, as well as in the coalmine “Ignacy” in Rybnik, Poland were also presented and analysed.
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Bibliography

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Authors and Affiliations

Leszek R. Jaroszewicz
1
ORCID: ORCID
Michał Dudek
1
ORCID: ORCID
Anna T. Kurzych
1
ORCID: ORCID
Krzysztof P. Teisseyre
2
ORCID: ORCID
  1. Institute of Applied Physics, Military University of Technology, 2 gen. S. Kaliskiego St., Warszawa, 00-908, Poland
  2. Institute of Geophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, 64 Ks. Janusza St., Warszawa, 01-452, Poland

Chinese Word Identification and Sentence Intelligibility in Primary School Classrooms

Jianxin Peng Peng Jiang
Archives of Acoustics | 2016 | vol. 41 | No 2 | 213-219 | DOI: 10.1515/aoa-2016-0021
Keywords speech identification reverberation time signal-to-noise ratio classroom speech transmission index children
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Abstract

The Chinese word identification and sentence intelligibility are evaluated by grades 3 and 5 students in the classrooms with different reverberation times (RTs) from three primary school under different signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs). The relationships between subjective word identification and sentence in- telligibility scores and speech transmission index (STI) are analyzed. The results show that both Chinese word identification and sentence intelligibility scores for grades 3 and 5 students in the classroom in- creased with the increase of SNR (and STI), increased with the increase of the age of students, and decreased with the increase of RT. To achieve a 99% sentence intelligibility score, the STIs required for grades 3, grade 5 students, and adults are 0.71, 0.61, and 0.51, respectively. The required objective acoustical index determined by a certain threshold of the word identification test might be underestimated for younger children (grade 3 students) in classroom but overestimated for adults. A method based on the sentence test is more useful for speech intelligibility evaluation in classrooms than that based on the word test for different age groups. Younger children need more favorable classroom acoustical environment with a higher STI than older children and adults to achieve the optimum speech communication in the classroom.
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Authors and Affiliations

Jianxin Peng
Peng Jiang

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