The Indian Cave Sandstone (Upper Pennsylvanian, Gzhelian) from the area of Peru, Nebraska, USA, has yielded
numerous isolated chondrichthyan remains and among them teeth and dermal denticles of the Symmoriiformes
Zangerl, 1981. Two tooth-based taxa were identified: a falcatid Denaea saltsmani Ginter and Hansen, 2010,
and a new species of Stethacanthus Newberry, 1889, S. concavus sp. nov. In addition, there occur a few long,
monocuspid tooth-like denticles, similar to those observed in Cobelodus Zangerl, 1973, probably representing
the head cover or the spine-brush complex. A review of the available information on the fossil record of
Symmoriiformes has revealed that the group existed from the Late Devonian (Famennian) till the end of the
Middle Permian (Capitanian).
A sample of late Viséan limestone from the Włodawa IG-4 borehole, east of Lublin, Poland, yielded a piece of a tooth and a few hundred well-preserved scales comparable to those of “Ctenacanthus” costellatus Traquair, 1884 from Glencartholm, Scotland, UK. Most of the scales are typical compound body scales of the ctenacanthid type. Their crowns are composed of several separate odontodes whose distal ends are turned backwards and bases are characterised by concave undersides. In the material, there are also sparse scales with similar crowns but with flat or convex bulbous bases, as well as ornamented plates and single, star-like denticles, probably from the head region. The taxonomic status of “Ctenacanthus” costellatus was analysed and a new generic name for that species, viz. Glencartius gen. nov., is proposed.
Sparse fish microremains have been found in marine limestones from the Middle Devonian (Givetian) Skały
Formation (Sitka Coral-Crinoid Limestone Member and Sierżawy Member), Świętomarz–Śniadka section,
Bodzentyn Syncline, Łysogóry Region, northern Holy Cross Mountains, associated with conodonts of the
hemiansatus to ansatus zones. Thelodont scales referred here to Australolepis sp. cf. A. seddoni come from near
Śniadka village, from samples dated as hemiansatus to rhenanus/varcus zones. This increases the known range
for the genus from its original find in Western Australia. The presence of a thelodont in the late Middle Devonian
in Poland extends the known distribution of turiniids around the peri-Gondwana shorelines of Palaeotethys.