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Abstract

The study presents evaluating the effectiveness of the hearing aid fitting process in the short-term use (7 days). The evaluation method consists of a survey based on the APHAB (Abbreviated Profile of Hearing Aid Benefit) questionnaire. Additional criteria such as a degree of hearing loss, number of hours and days of hearing aid use as well as the user’s experience were also taken into consideration. The outcomes of the benefit obtained from the hearing aid use in various listening environments for 109 hearing aid users are presented, including a degree of their hearing loss. The research study results show that it is possible to obtain relevant and reliable information helpful in assessing the effectiveness of the shortterm (7 days) hearing aid use. The overall percentage of subjects gaining a benefit when communicating in noise is the highest of all the analyzed and the lowest in the environment with reverberation. The statistical analysis performed confirms that in the listening environments in which conversation is held, a subjective indicator determined by averaging benefits for listening situations individually is statistically significant with respect to the degree of hearing loss. Statistically significant differences depending on the degree of hearing loss are also found separately for noisy as well as reverberant environments. However, it should be remembered that this study is limited to three types of hearing loss, i.e. mild, moderate and severe. The acceptance of unpleasant sounds gets the lowest rating. It has also been observed that in the initial period of hearing aid use, the perception of unpleasant sounds has a big influence on the evaluation of hearing improvement.

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Authors and Affiliations

Tomasz Poremski
Piotr Szymański
Bożena Kostek
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Abstract

In our article the ordinary kriging interpolation method was used for a spatial presentation of PM2.5 concentrations. The data used in the research was obtained from the unique PM2.5 measuring system, based on low-cost optical sensors for PM2.5 concentration measurements, working on Wroclaw University of Science and Technology campus area. The data from this system was used as an input for the interpolations that were made for three different days characterized by the highest measured values of PM2.5 – 20.01.2019, 17.02.2019 and 30.03.2019. For each of the selected days, variants with the maximum and minimum PM2.5 values recorded on a given measurement day were presented. In the analyses performed, the ordinary kriging technique and cross-validation, was used as the interpolation and the validation method, respectively. Parameters determining the quality of performed interpolation were Mean Error, Mean Standardized Error, Root Mean Square Error, and Average Standard Error. As the main indicator of quality of interpolation RMSE parameter was used. Analysis of that parameter shows that the higher variability of the data used for interpolation affects its quality. The Root Mean Square Error parameter reached 0.64, 0.94 and 1.71 for the lowest concentrations variants characterized by low spatial variability, and 6.53, 7.51, 11.28 for the highest one, which were characterized by high spatial variability. The obtained results of the research with the use of GIS tools shows that the ordinary kriging method allowed for the correct spatial presentation of the PM2.5 concentration variability in areas not covered by the measurement system.
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Authors and Affiliations

Izabela Sówka
1
ORCID: ORCID
Marek Badura
1
Marcin Pawnuk
1
ORCID: ORCID
Piotr Szymański
2
Piotr Batog
3

  1. Wroclaw University of Technology, Faculty of Environmental Engineering
  2. Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Computer Science and Management
  3. INSYSPOM, Wrocław

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