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Abstrakt

W Bibliotece Kórnickiej przechowywanych jest wiele starodruków z dawnego zboru braci czeskich w Lesznie, a wśród nich adligat, czyli „klocek”, łączący w całość trzy dzieła: jedno Jana Kalwina oraz dwa Macieja Flaciusa. Druk ten oprawiony został pergaminem makulaturowym, zapisanym tekstem wybitnego filozofa-scholastyka Gilberta z Poitiers; jest to fragment Commentarius ad Epistolas S. Pauli.
Autor artykułu porównuje tekst Komentarza z okładki pergaminowej z innymi rękopiśmiennymi egzemplarzami tego dzieła. Na marginesie rozważań o autorstwie traktatów przypisywanych Gilbertowi zwraca uwagę, że dotychczas w tych badaniach nie sięgnięto do analizy rytmiki. Zachowany na okładce tekst został napisany prozą rytmiczną, inną niż jeden z listów Gilberta.
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Autorzy i Afiliacje

Tomasz Jasiński
1 2
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Biblioteka Kórnicka
  2. Wydział Historii UAM, Poznań

Abstrakt

Półwysep wcinający się w wody Jeziora Bnińskiego (nazwany przez archeologów „Szyją”) był miejscem trzykrotnie zajętym pod dłużej trwające osadnictwo. Na przełomie epoki brązu i wczesnej epoki żelaza w jego południowej części (stanowiącej wówczas przybrzeżną wyspę) ludność kultury łużyckiej użytkowała naturalnie obronną osadę. Drugi okres intensywnego zasiedlenia półwyspu przypadł na lata 40. X wieku, kiedy został tam zbudowany solidnie ufortyfikowany gród wczesnopiastowski, użytkowany (ze 160-letnią przerwą) do początków XIII wieku. W połowie XIII wieku u nasady półwyspu została zbudowana siedziba na kopcu, stanowiąca rezydencję kasztelanów do czasu lokacji Bnina na prawie magdeburskim między 1386 a 1395 rokiem.
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Autorzy i Afiliacje

Hanna Kóčka-Krenz
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Wydział Archeologii UAM, Poznań

Abstrakt

W zbiorach Biblioteki Kórnickiej znajduje się napisana po łacinie księga regestów spraw o granice dóbr w Wielkopolsce w XV–XVII wieku. Jej domniemany autor, nieznany skądinąd Piotr Biernacki, posiadał umiejętność pisania po łacinie oraz alfabetem cyrylickim. Artykuł poświęcony jest odczytaniu i analizie paleograficznej i językowej zapisanych cyrylicą kilku łacińskich zdań, jednego nagłówka oraz ponad 20 zapisek marginalnych. Użyte w księdze pismo cyrylickie to skoropis ruski używany na ziemiach ukraińskich Polski w XVII wieku. Przy zapisywaniu tekstu łacińskiego alfabetem cyrylickim autor zastosował charakterystyczne dla ówczesnego języka polskiego odczytanie łaciny. Znajdujące się w księdze kryptogramy mają charakter techniczno-informacyjny i nie wnoszą do jej treści istotnych informacji. W połączeniu z faktem, że cyrylica w ogóle nie była użytkowana w Wielkopolsce, wskazuje to raczej na zabawę autora z ewentualnym czytelnikiem zmuszonym do poszukiwania znaczenia niezrozumiałego tekstu.
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Autorzy i Afiliacje

Krzysztof Pietkiewicz
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Wydział Historii UAM, Poznań

Abstrakt

Artykuł poświęcony jest cennemu sobiescianum z kolekcji rękopisów PAN Biblioteki Kórnickiej – oprawie rękopiśmiennego panegiryku z emblematami autorstwa Johanna Jakoba Rollosa dedykowanego królowi Janowi III Sobieskiemu. To dzieło introligatorskie odznacza się powściągliwą, choć wytworną dekoracją, w centrum której widnieje superekslibris władcy w formie monogramu pod koroną królewską i w ujęciu gałązek palmowych. W pierwszej kolejności dokonano analizy oprawy pod względem materiałowo-technicznym i dekoracyjnym. Wnioski z analizy wykorzystano do osadzenia dzieła na tle francuskiego introligatorstwa XVII wieku, co doprowadziło do wniosku, że jest to klasyczny przykład oprawy w stylu à la Duseuil ( à la Du Seuil), mający liczne odpowiedniki w dorobku francuskich introligatorów ery baroku. W dalszej kolejności przeanalizowano genezę formy superekslibrisu, wskazując na francuskie wzorniki graficzne, prezentujące m.in. projekty monogramów. Istotne okazały się analogie między superekslibrisem Sobieskiego a francuskimi superekslibrisami z monogramem lub tarczą herbową pod koroną i otoczoną gałązkami palmowymi bądź podobnymi motywami. Uwagę poświęcono też genezie formy papieru marmurkowego, z którego wykonano wyklejki. Na końcu podjęto się próby osadzenia tej księgi na tle księgozbioru Jana III Sobieskiego, z którego do dziś zachowała się jedynie drobna część woluminów. Zwrócono też uwagę na problem monogramów królewskich w Polsce ostatnich lat XVII i pierwszych dekad XVIII wieku.
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Autorzy i Afiliacje

Arkadiusz Wagner
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Instytut Badań Informacji i Komunikacji UMK, Toruń

Abstrakt

W 2020 roku skarby Biblioteki Kórnickiej zostały wzbogacone o zbiór dokumentów odnoszących się do początków parafii ewangelickiej w Bninie. Artykuł prezentuje czas powstania oraz pierwsze lata funkcjonowania bnińskiej wspólnoty ewangelickiej, która przez ponad 150 lat była jedną z największych w Wielkopolsce (nie licząc Poznania). Opisano ustanowienie gminy ewangelickiej oraz budowę pierwszego zboru protestanckiego w Bninie wraz z jego zabudowaniami. Załączono aneks zawierający biogramy pierwszych pięciu pastorów posługujących w Bninie oraz edycję źródłową tychże dokumentów.
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Autorzy i Afiliacje

Wojciech Lis
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Wydział Historyczny UAM, Poznań

Abstrakt

Artykuł przynosi nową edycję i tłumaczenie umowy na budowę zamku w Kórniku, zawartej w 1426 roku między kanclerzem kapituły poznańskiej Mikołajem z Górki, właścicielem dóbr kórnickich, a cieślą poznańskim Niklosem (Mikołajem). Jest to najstarszy znany dokument do dziejów pierwszego, średniowiecznego, drewnianego zamku. Spisany po łacinie zachował się w księdze konsystorza poznańskiego. Posiada on szczególny walor informacyjny, jest też unikalny z punktu widzenia dyplomatyki jako tzw. chirograf (dokument charakterystyczny ze względu na sposób spisania i uwierzytelnienia). Kontrakt stanowi nie tylko pierwszorzędne źródło do dziejów budownictwa drewnianego i obronnego w Polsce późnego średniowiecza, ale także, ze względu na występujące w tekście wyrazy polskie objaśniające terminologię łacińską, może być uznany za pomnik dawnego języka polskiego. Podobną wartość mają również cztery wyrazy niemieckie.
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Autorzy i Afiliacje

Korneliusz Kaczor
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Biblioteka Kórnicka

Abstrakt

In the search for the critical functions of theology, we can find a growing number of dilemmas, which come from the theology itself and from the modern knowledge about the world, which theology has to face, not only offering expected answers, but also formulating its own Christian doctrine proper for contemporary times and consistent with the Tradition of faith. The only way to present such a broad and difficult problem in a short paper is through a general perspective. The key to the systematization of the problem is by observing that the tasks of theology can be seen from four different perspectives, according to the distinction ad extra – ad intra. Astrong emphasis is put on the encounter between theology and science. The attempt to make predictions about the future is based on analysis of the contemporary situation in theology and on the extrapolation of existing trends for the near future.
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Autorzy i Afiliacje

Ks. Jacek Kempa
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Uniwersytet Śląski w Katowicach

Abstrakt

Conducting Mariology in context is one of the original elements of contemporary Polish theology. Its methodological and theological justification is through the mystery of the Triune God and not the constantly changing culture. Researching the image of God in Mariological doctrine is one manner of verifying theological hypotheses or conclusions. The image of Mary is dependent on the image of God. Whenever the history of salvation was perceived as the work of the Father through the Son in the Holy Spirit, Mary was presented as a participant (or a recipient) and a witness of the activities of God. The more Divine Providence was valued, the more frequent was the encouragement to worship it as Mother of Jesus did in her Magnificat. Some theses from the analyzed sources are especially inspirational. We need to notice the invitations to reflect on the mediatorship of Jesus (per Jesum ad Mariam) and the Holy Spirit (per Spiritum ad Mariam) as well as reflect on the soteriological model of receptio.
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Autorzy i Afiliacje

Ks.Kazimierz Pek
1

  1. Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II w Lublinie

Abstrakt

Jesus has definitely conquered the world, but our history is continuous. The one who is called in the Bible as the Devil, Satan, and Deceiver of all the earth (cf. Rev 12:9), though already defeated, is still at work in the world. The essence of Satan’s action is to pretend that he is the true Savior of man. In Revelation 13 there is a dragon (the devil) that summons
the first beast and the second beast (a false prophet) and thus they form the diabolical triad. The well-known saying that the devil is simia Dei could be paraphrased and at the same time clarified that the devil is simia Trinitatis. In fact, Satan imitates and mocks, like the monkey, the Holy Trinity to deceive people. When tempting Jesus in the desert, the goal of the evil spirit was not only to tempt Jesus, the Incarnate Son, but the Trinity as a whole. The devil tries to challenge the Trinitarian relations, i.e., the mutual relationship of the Son and the Father in the Holy Spirit. This is the reason why Jesus defies the attacks of the devil not referring to His Divinity but by pointing to the Father and His will. The juxtaposition of the dynamics of the action of the Holy Trinity, the Father, the Son, and the Holy Spirit, with the dynamics of the action of the triad, the dragon and his two beasts, allows us to capture the essential features of, on the one hand, the community in the Trinity, and on the other hand, the corrupt synergy of the triad assigning the Divine features to themselves.
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Autorzy i Afiliacje

Dariusz Kowalczyk
1

  1. Pontificia Università Gregoriana, Roma

Abstrakt

The pontificate of Pope Francis, both in documents and in practice, takes on a pastoral character, emphasizing the evangelizing dimension. The encyclical Veritatis gaudium likewise presents the educational and academic mission of the Church from the same perspective. This paper provides a presentation of the Pope’s postulates understood as a new paradigm for Church education, resulting from a new cultural and social context. Pope Francis’ project is set in the more than fifty-year perspective of the reforms introduced by the Second Vatican Council, in particular Sapientia christiana, the document which has been governing the activities of theological faculties since 1979. Four criteria that ecclesial studies should demonstrate are indicated: a) the Christocentric kerygma building the ecclesial community, with an option for the poor, b) encounter and dialogue, characterized by authentic interaction on the level of religions and cultures, c) inter- and transdisciplinarity, which provide a tool for linking the academic achievements of all disciplines in the perspective of the transcendent Christian revelation, d) integration of academic centers which practice ecclesiastical studies and their collaboration with institutions of different religious and cultural traditions, with a view to an adequate diagnosis of global world problems and their resolution.
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Autorzy i Afiliacje

Marek Andrzej Żmudziński
1

  1. Uniwersytet Warmińsko-Mazurski w Olsztynie

Abstrakt

For many ethicists, natural law no longer seems to be relevant as a model for the motivation of norms. At the same time, moral theology after Vatican II strives for renewal which, on the one hand, distances itself from radical autonomous thinking and, on the other hand, overcomes certain narrownesses of the past. It happens in the context of a cultural upheaval between modernity and postmodernity, in which universalistic ethical concepts are regarded critically anyway. Nevertheless, the increasing ethical challenges of the present, especially those in the bioethical field, call for universally valid solutions in the globalized world. In this context, natural law thinking can and should be used again. However, it would have to be suitably presented. An ethical understanding beyond cultural and temporal boundaries is possible, but requires an agreement on the binding character of human nature.
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Autorzy i Afiliacje

Andrzej Dominik Kuciński
1

  1. Kongregation für die Glaubenslehre, Rom

Abstrakt

The author of the article presents the arguments quoted by Benedict XVI in his speeches attesting that theology has a future. The future of theology is related to the future of faith since faith needs theology and theology needs faith. Faith, on the other hand, is a response to the longing for truth, goodness, and beauty inherent in human nature, which can only be found in God. The question about God is the key question which depends on the discovery of the meaning of life and the world. Theology along with philosophy – obviously not a positivistic one that resigns from the study of the transcendence of being – searches for the full truth about human being and maintains human sensitivity to the full truth. Theology, as a fully-fledged science among other sciences, indicates that scientific truth participates in the Divine Truth, originates from the same source, from Logos, whose work is creation. When nowadays the search for truth is abandoned or ignored, theology discovers the resulting threats to the European culture. Theology teaches about God who spoke to the people, and not about someone who would only be a postulation of human thought. Therefore, the primary task of theology is to penetrate the revealed Word. Thus, theology developed on the basis of the principles and norms resulting from the Revelation of faith has a future, and is not solely based on criteria and norms common within other sciences, or based on patterns taken from the humanities.
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Autorzy i Afiliacje

Ks. Józef Warzeszak
1

  1. Akademia Katolicka w Warszawie

Abstrakt

In order to assess the possibility of using waste from agri-food processing for fertilization, residues in the form of apple pomace, carrot root, onion husks and dried nettle were selected for the tests. The research material came from food plants located in north-eastern Poland. In selected waste, the pH value, dry matter content, organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and carbon were determined. It was found that apple pomace, carrot root and onion husk were acidic and dried nettle was alkaline. The nitrogen content in the tested waste ranged from 0.61 to 2.29%, phosphorus from 0.07 to 0.55%, and potassium from 0.19 to 3.72%. Based on the results obtained, it was found that the examined post-production residues are characterized by good fertilizer properties. However, it should be remembered that fertilizers or soil improvers must meet a number of requirements and above all, they must be safe for the environment.
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Autorzy i Afiliacje

Małgorzata Krasowska
1
Małgorzata Kowczyk-Sadowy
1

  1. Department of Agricultural and Food Engineering and Environmental Management, Bialystok University of Technology, 45E Wiejska Str., 15-351 Białystok, Poland

Abstrakt

Ditches and drainage canals are an important element in the post-bog meadows. Their basic function is to regulate air-water relations in ecosystems, mainly in agrocenoses. The environmental functions of ditches and canals consist of maintaining a large diversity of flora and fauna species due to high humidity of these ecosystems. The study of plant communities in the ditches in the post-bog meadows habitat of the Supraśl Dolna valley structure in 2010–2020 was carried out. There were 23–27 species of plants in the ditches. Species diversity did not change significantly during this period, while changes in individual species’ coverage and viability were found. The species were classified into two rush communities: reed rush ( Phragmitetum australis) and rush ( Phalaridetum arundinaceae). As a result of the lack of maintenance of the ditches, an invasive species of flapped barbed ( Echinocystis lobata) was found. The natural valorization carried out by the Oświt method showed that plant communities in the drainage ditches are in the lowest valorization classes.
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Autorzy i Afiliacje

Aleksander Kiryluk
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Department of Technology in Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Environmental Sciences, BialystokUniversity of Technology, Wiejska 45E Str., 15-351 Białystok, Poland

Abstrakt

The research on the content of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in soil and grass ( Lolium perenne L.) was carried out on samples collected in the city of Białystok, in north-eastern Poland. The test samples came from green belts in the vicinity of communication routes, differentiated in terms of the surrounding buildings and infrastructure and characterized by a different car traffic intensity. The highest total concentration of all sixteen PAHs in soil and grass samples was found near a large intersection at Nicholas Copernicus Street, one of the most important communication routes connecting two parts of the city. In the aboveground parts of the studied grass samples, benzo[a]pyrene was the most abundant, its content ranging from 53.8 μg/kg DM up to 91.7 μg/kg DM. On the other hand, in soil samples, much higher benzo[a]pyrene content was found, and the dominance of this compound was observed in almost every measurement location. Based on the obtained results, it was found that car traffic is a significant source of PAH emissions to the urban soil environment and urban greenery. The squares and green belts located along communication routes and intersections are the most exposed to pollution.
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Autorzy i Afiliacje

Marzena Ewa Smolewska
1
Małgorzata Krasowska
2
Jolanta Piekut
2
Maciej Smolewski
3
Ewelina Bagińska
2

  1. Faculty Chemical Laboratory, Bialystok University of Technology, 45E Wiejska Str., 15-351 Białystok, Poland
  2. Department of Agricultural and Food Engineering and Environmental Management, Bialystok University of Technology, 45E Wiejska Str., 15-351 Białystok, Poland
  3. Faculty of Civil Engineering and Environmental Sciences, Bialystok University of Technology, 45E Wiejska Str., 15-351 Białystok, Poland

Abstrakt

The aim of the statistical analyses carried out was to identify similarities and to point out differences between the various tributaries of the Narew River, to identify the factors and processes responsible for the transformations occurring in the aquatic environment and finally, to identify the main sources of pollution in the river catchment. For the purposes of statistical analysis, the results of studies conducted as part of diagnostic monitoring by the General Inspectorate for Environmental Protection in 2017–2018 were used. The studies included 8 measurement points located directly on the Narew River and 17 points located on its selected left and right tributaries. Analysis of the collected results indicates that the chemical condition of the water in the Narew catchment is assessed as being poor. This observation may be due to the fact that the Narew catchment is mainly used for agricultural purposes and, in addition, there is a relatively large number of potential anthropogenic sources. As part of the analysis, two potential sources of pollution affecting water quality in the Narew catchment were identified, which include surface run-off and treated wastewater inflow.
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Autorzy i Afiliacje

Piotr Ofman
1

  1. Bialystok University of Technology, Department of Technology in Environmental Engineering,15-351 Białystok, Wiejska 45E Str., Poland

Abstrakt

This paper presents the concentrations of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) and heavy metals in leachates from the autothermal thermophilic aerobic digestion (ATAD). The leachates from ATAD installations (Dąbrowa Białostocka, Hajnówka, Pisz, Olecko, Giżycko, Wysokie Mazowieckie) located in Poland were tested. The concentrations of PAHs in samples from Pisz, Giżycko, Wysokie Mazowieckie and Hajnówka were similar to those in industrial wastewater. The cluster analysis confirmed that in sites with a higher polyethylene (p.e.) input from the industrial sector, the leachates were more contaminated with PAH compounds. In samples from Dąbrowa Białostocka, Olecko, Pisz and Hajnówka, the heavy fraction of PAHs compounds prevailed over the light fraction. Concentrations of heavy metals in leachates from ATAD varied. The Ward’s method isolated the wastewater treatment plant in Giżycko. The p.e. from the industrial sector was the highest for this facility. Also, the samples from ATAD had the highest total concentration of heavy metals (5.87 mg/l). The leachates from ATAD are returned to biological systems of municipal sewage treatment plants, where they can be combined into more toxic compounds. Biological wastewater treatment processes do not ensure the removal of PAHs and heavy metals from the wastewater. As a result, harmful compounds can get into the water or ground, polluting the environment.
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Autorzy i Afiliacje

Dariusz Boruszko
1
ORCID: ORCID
Ada Wojciula
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Bialystok University of Technology, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Environmental Sciences,15-351 Białystok, Wiejska 45E, Poland

Abstrakt

Observing current trends in moral theology, especially in the field of bioethics, has long raised both the methodological and meritorious problem of obscuring or even removing the boundaries between good and evil. Divergence and contradiction have become a strange scientific standard in theological-moral discourse in the derivation of Hegel’s synthesis on fundamental moral questions. Depositum fidei morale, which is based on the Decalogue, Lex aeterna, and lex naturalis, seems to be giving way to post-Christian Wittgenstein language-games, in which the clear line between good and evil (including truth and falsehood), determined by the transcendent Authority of God, has been relativized. The reflection of the relationship between the norm and conscience, as well as the relationship between good and evil, in the light of the Thomistic philosophical-theological patrimony, seeks to point to the need of accepting an adequate logical re-examination of the ethical analysis of a human act. Without this, it is impossible to continue not only in Traditio, but also in finding a universal reference point for distinguishing between good and evil in the complicated world of contemporary bioethics, which responds to revolutionary biotechnologies in the field of biomedicine.
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Autorzy i Afiliacje

René Balák
1

  1. Piešťany, Slovakia

Abstrakt

This paper studies the cooperation of theology in the new evangelization in societies of ancient Christian tradition which are suffering an advanced process of secularization. It begins with Spain, where a recent debate on the influence of Christian intellectuals on social life suggests the ineffectiveness of ecclesiastical resources in transmitting the rich Catholic doctrinal heritage. The author then deals with the idiosyncrasy of contemporary man, which lies near one of the immediate future’s of man: an uprooted subject who does not believe that life has any meaning, deeply marked by emotivism and attaches little significance to truth. The theology of tomorrow cannot feed this emotivism but must be proactive in its own way. The proclamation of the Gospel is not different from the exposition of the Church’s doctrine. To detach evangelization from the teaching of Christian doctrine cannot help the experience with Christ. In order to succeed in transmitting this doctrine by making it suggestive, theologians should work together with experts in communication.
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Autorzy i Afiliacje

David Torrijos-Castrillejo
1

  1. Universidad Eclesiástica San Dámaso, Madrid

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