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Optimization of DNA extraction methods for genomic analysis of rice root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne graminicola) using PCR (polymerase chain reaction) and sanger sequencing

Rendyta Morindya Siwi Indarti Alan Soffan Sedyo Hartono

Journal of Plant Protection Research | 2023 | vol. 63 | No 1 | 50-58 | DOI: 10.24425/jppr.2022.144416

Keywords DNA extraction genomic analysis Meloidogyne graminicola nematode stage Sanger sequencing

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Abstract

The root-knot nematode Meloidogyne graminicola is an economically important pest in rice production. The identification of a nematode species is an important basis in nematode management to reduce yield losses by extracting nematode DNA as an early step in molecular identification. This study aimed to investigate the optimal extraction method and number of M. graminicola for nematode genomic analysis based on PCR (polymerase chain reaction) and Sanger sequencing. The DNA extraction methods used in this study were the CTAB, SDS, and commercial kit (GeneAidTM Tissue/Blood DNA Mini Kit). The results revealed that the three DNA extraction methods could be used to analyze the nematode genomics based on PCR and Sanger sequencing using one nematode, both in a second-stage juvenile and a female, equipped with the process of nematode destruction by freezing. This finding was shown by the amplification of all DNA templates with Mg-F3 and Mg-R2 primers through PCR with a size of 370 bp, while Sanger sequencing obtained 372 bp.

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Authors and Affiliations

Rendyta Morindya

Siwi Indarti

Alan Soffan

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Sedyo Hartono

Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

New Ecological Cast Bronzes for Fittings Manufactured from Recycled Waste

W. Malec B. Cwolek A. Brudny B. Juszczyk J. Kulasa A. Hury W. Marek K. Stolorz D. Wróbel A. Filipowicz

Archives of Foundry Engineering | 2023 | vol. 23 | No 1 | 37-42 | DOI: 10.24425/afe.2023.144278

Keywords wastes recycling continuous casting Free machining bronze Lead free copper alloy

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Abstract

The article presents tests on a new lead-free bronze CuSn4Zn2PS, intended for fittings for contact with drinking water, in which the addition of lead was replaced with sulphur. The subject of the experimental work was the production of semi-finished products from this alloy based on the charge coming entirely from waste generated after machining. A specialized pilot line was used for the tests, and after cleaning, the waste was melted and then were continuously cast in the form of rods and hollow rods. The cleaning efficiency was assessed, and the manufactured semi-finished products were subjected to tests, including the assessment of the chemical and mechanical homogeneity and the structure of the test batch of the semi-finished casting products in terms of the possibility of manufacturing products meeting the requirements of technical specifications. The obtained results, both in terms of a stable chemical composition, homogeneous and reproducible mechanical properties, fully compliant with the specifications for fittings bronzes (CC499K), as well as the lack of faults of the obtained semi-finished products, despite a very large share of waste material, indicate the possibility of using the tested recycling method for the production of semi-products of sulphur bronze, which is an alloy that is relatively difficult to manufacture.

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Bibliography

[1] Directive (EU) 2020/2184 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 16 December 2020 on the quality of water intended for human consumption, Dz.U.L 435/1 of 23.12.2020.
[2] Acceptance of metallic materials used for products in contact with drinking water, 4MS Common Approach Part B “4MS Common Composition List” Retrieved July, 12, 2022 from http://www.umweltbundesamt.de/en/topics/water/drinking-water/distributing-drinking-water/guidelines-evaluation-criteria.
[3] DIN SPEC 2701:2018.
[4] Haake, M., Hansen, A., Leistritz, F. (2019). EP Patent No. EP 3436615. Germany. The German Patent and Trade Mark Office.
[5] PN-EN 1982:2017 Copper and copper alloys - Ingots and castings
[6] Wieland G05, GD1, GS1, SW3 material specification. Retrieved 12, July, 2022 from https://www.wieland.com/en/content/download/.
[7] Marek, W., Kopańska, D., Bieniek, J., Wróbel, D., Stolorz, K., Filipowicz, A., Malec, W., Cwolek, B., Brudny, A., Juszczyk B., Kulasa, J. (2022). PL Patent application No. PL 436188. Poland. The Patent Office of the Republic of Poland.
[8] Cwolek, B., Malec, W., Brudny, A., Kulasa, J., Marek, W., Stolorz, K., Wróbel, D. & Filipowicz, A. (2022). Development of process conditions for the preparation of copper alloys post-production chips for the continuous casting process. Archives of Foundry Engineering. (in publication).
[9] PN-EN 12861:2018-07 Copper and copper alloys – Scrap.
[10] Hansen, A. (2019). Bleifreier rotguss als armaturen-und installationswerkstoff in der trinkwasserinstallation. METALL – Forschung. 73(11), 452-455.

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Authors and Affiliations

W. Malec

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B. Cwolek

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A. Brudny

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ORCID:

B. Juszczyk

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ORCID:

J. Kulasa

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ORCID:

A. Hury

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ORCID:

W. Marek

K. Stolorz

D. Wróbel

A. Filipowicz

Łukasiewicz Research Network — Institute of Non-Ferrous Metals, Poland
COGNOR S.A. Oddział OM Szopienice w Katowicach, Poland

Equivalent Heat Load Test on Hot Aircraft Engine Components

Marek Mróz A.W. Orłowicz M. Tupaj M. Lenik

Archives of Foundry Engineering | 2023 | vol. 23 | No 1 | 34-36 | DOI: 10.24425/afe.2023.144277

Keywords Heat load Heat barrier Aircraft engines

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Abstract

The paper presents the assumptions and methodology for investigating equivalent heat load testing of hot aircraft engine components. The basic heat loads occurring in an aircraft engine during aircraft flight are characterised. Diagrams of the proposed heat loads are presented, together with the number of cycles, and a test bench is characterised and shown to enable equivalent heat load testing of aircraft engine components.

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Bibliography

[1] Hejwowski, T., Weroński, A. (2000). Manufacture of wear-resistant coatings. Lublin: Politechnika Lubelska. (in Polish).
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Authors and Affiliations

Marek Mróz

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ORCID:

A.W. Orłowicz

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ORCID:

M. Tupaj

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ORCID:

M. Lenik

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ORCID:

Rzeszow University of Technology, Al. Powstańców Warszawy 12, 35-959 Rzeszów, Poland

Influence of Rare Earth Sm Addition on Microstructure and Tensile Properties of Al-Si-Cu 319 Alloy

D.N. Patel M.P. Sutaria

Archives of Foundry Engineering | 2023 | vol. 23 | No 1 | 25-33 | DOI: 10.24425/afe.2023.144276

Keywords Al-Si-Cu 319 alloy Samarium SDAS Eutectic silicon tensile properties

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Abstract

In the present investigation, the influence of addition of the rare earth element samarium (Sm) in different concentrations (0, 0.1, 0.3, 0.5, 0.7 and 0.9wt.%) on the microstructure and tensile properties of the Al-Si-Cu 319 alloy have been evaluated. Microstructural constituents such as SDAS of α-Al and characteristics of eutectic silicon particles were observed by optical microscopy. It was concluded from the findings that Sm addition reduces the size of secondary dendrite arm spacings (SDAS) and altered the morphology of the eutectic silicon particles from needle-like to lamellar and smaller segments. The tensile properties of the Al-Si-Cu 319 alloy improved with the concentration of Sm. It was found that the highest tensile properties were obtained at 0.7wt.% addition of Sm, i.e., 55.5% higher than unmodified 319 alloy. With the further addition of the Sm above 0.7wt.%, it does not improve the tensile properties of the alloy. This can be attributed to the precipitation of the brittle and needle like quaternary Sm-rich intermetallic compounds observed through Scanning electron microscopy.

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Bibliography

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Authors and Affiliations

D.N. Patel

M.P. Sutaria

e-mail:

ORCID:

Department of Mechanical Engineering, Chandubhai S. Patel Institute of Technology, Charotar University of Science and Technology (CHARUSAT), Changa, Anand-388421, Gujarat, India

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Optimization of DNA extraction methods for genomic analysis of rice root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne graminicola) using PCR (polymerase chain reaction) and sanger sequencing

Abstract

Authors and Affiliations

New Ecological Cast Bronzes for Fittings Manufactured from Recycled Waste

Abstract

Bibliography

Authors and Affiliations

Equivalent Heat Load Test on Hot Aircraft Engine Components

Abstract

Bibliography

Authors and Affiliations

Influence of Rare Earth Sm Addition on Microstructure and Tensile Properties of Al-Si-Cu 319 Alloy

Abstract

Bibliography

Authors and Affiliations