Stanisław August achieved notoriety as the monarch responsible for Poland's demise in the 18th century. Could his memoirs change this unfavorable picture?

Time perception is a key function of the human mind. Its disruption can lead to difficulties in many areas of our cognition, including language communication. Our research has managed to repair damaged "neural clocks" in people who have difficulties in language communication.

On 30 September 2013, the Ministry of Science and Higher Education announced the results of the latest evaluation of Poland's scientific institutions. A new categorization method, aiming to build on past experiences, has been used.

Females of most species cannot rely on their mates to help raise their young, so they strive to at least get the best possible genes for their offspring. But how do males communicate that they are good father material?

Discs: these round, flattened objects have been widely associated with athletics competitions since the Antiquity. Thrown correctly, they spin through the air, and the low friction around them means they can travel a long way. But that's not why discs are important in contemporary astrophysics - here we are interested in the energy they give off.

What we say often conveys far more than just literal meaning of the words said. One of the riddles of communication, therefore, is how we actually work out what a speaker meant.

Machine linguistic tools are now so widespread that we barely notice them. But we don't like to conform to their whims - rather, we want them to adapt to us, to start to understand what we say or write, be it in English, Polish, or otherwise. This requires effective text analysis methods, and digital tools are becoming increasingly sophisticated in response.

What is it that makes us speak the kind of language that we do? Why do some people have trouble learning to use it? Where does language come from?

What would today's world be like without telephones, MP3 players, GPS navigation, television, digital cameras, microwaves, washing machines, fridges, television decoders, game consoles, and credit cards? Fortunately we do not even have to imagine it, thanks to Jan Czochralski and his pioneering method of growing single crystals.

International efforts should be initiated to address the problem of the threatened physician- scientist career path. Comparative study should be undertaken to understand differences amongst countries in terms of the current issues that confront physician-scientists - says Andrew I. Schafer.

In the future, medical students will be rewarded for knowing how to access information in real time and find the solution to the problem confronting them. The key role of medical school faculty will be to teach them how to do so - says Darrell G. Kirch.

This year's 60th anniversary of the PAS Institute of Physics offers an excellent opportunity to reflect on its accomplishments and attempt to define its role in the future.

Born on 12 February 1979, Dr. Adrian Kin, a highly gifted and versatile young geologist and paleobiologist, died exactly one year ago. Admittedly, writing in the past tense about someone who passed away so recently is never easy, especially when this concerns someone who was not only a fellow scientist but also a friend.

Dr. Marcin Stolarski is radio communication manager in the team responsible for Poland's first scientific satellites BRITE-PL. He is also involved in other projects, such as the Solar Orbiter satellite and the development of new radio systems based on software defined radio (SDR) technologies. He won the national Famelab competition and made it into the international final. He is currently at the University of California, attending a two-month training course for "Top 500 Innovators" organized by the Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education.

Contemporary medicine is able to keep HIV in check: patients taking a carefully selected combination of drugs are prevented from developing AIDS. And yet the number of new infections continues to grow, with up to 40 million people living with HIV around the world. New research into pronucleotides, conducted at the PAS Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, offers hope of potential new treatments.

The Polish Astronomical Society first awarded the Bohdan Paczyński Medal during its 36th convention in Warsaw on 14 September 2013. The award was presented to Prof. Martin Rees from the University of Cambridge.

Antarctica's "oases" differ from the continent's ice-covered desert in terms of their climate, rocky landscape, and the presence of numerous lakes, shallow reservoirs, and streams that appear briefly in the summer. These oases vary in age from around 5,000 to around 15,000 years old and their development is linked to the glacial retreat.

Together with Dr. Maciej Gdula you are carrying out an analysis of Polish society in terms of class categories. To what extent is this justified?

The ability to deceive others has appeared relatively recently in the evolutionary process. Deceptive behavior is a skill possessed by sophisticated animals, and it developed independently in several different species.