Abstrakt
The author has developed and patented several types of gas cupola furnaces, which, due to replacing coke with gas, do not emit carbon
monoxide, sulfur dioxide and coke dust. The author has defined the optimal modes of gas-and-air mixture combustion, i.e. the optimal
coefficient of air discharge and gas mixture escape speed in melting cast iron. It has been experimentally proved that from the point of
view of obtaining the maximum temperature, the optimal was the process with some lack of air, i.e. with α = 0.98. The results of
metallurgical studies used in the article allowed to develop an optimal structure of the gas cupola furnace with a heterogeneous refractory
filling, and to establish the optimal composition of the filling. For the first time the optimal composition of the filling is given: 40% of
chamotte, 30% of high-alumina refractory, 30% of electrode scrap. It has been noted that when gas cupola furnaces were used, the main
environmental advantage was the reduction of dust emission into the atmosphere, CO and SO2 content.
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