This paper presents a comparative study of the preparation and characterisation of Fe _38.5 Co _38.5 Nb ₇ P ₁₅Cu ₁ alloy produced by mechanical alloying (MA) and rapid quenching (RQ) method. In order to obtain the starting mixture (SS) in the present study, we opted for the replacement of elemental Nb and P powders with ferroalloy powders of niobium and phosphorus. Benzene was used as a control agent of the process (PCA) for wet MA. The samples obtained (powders and ribbons) were characterised by X-ray diffraction (XRD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray microanalysis (EDX), magnetic measurements M(H) and thermomagnetic measurements M(T). After 40 h of wet MA, the alloy was partially amorphous, and the ribbons obtained by RQ do not show an amorphous state. Also, the magnetic measurements show the influence of the method used on the magnetic properties.

This study describes a method that allows the modelling of magnetisation processes in transformer steel sheets for any direction of the magnetic field strength. In the proposed approach, limiting hysteresis loops for the rolling and transverse directions were used. These loops are modified depending on the magnetisation angle between the direction of the field strength vector and rolling direction. For this purpose, unique correction coefficients, which are functions of the magnetisation angle, were applied for both hysteresis loops. An algorithm for determining the limiting hysteresis loops for any magnetisation angle is presented herein. The calculation results for several cases of magnetisation were compared with the measured hysteresis loops.