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Abstract

The article directly and indirectly refers to anthropological and philosophical texts which strive to discover and present the gender factor as important in the light of the humanities. The author refers to “Literackie nie-nazywanie. Onomastykon polskiej prozy współczesnej” (Literary Not-naming. Onomasticon of the modern Polish prose) by Magdalena Graf and indicates the femininity factor as a relevant one also in onomastics.

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Authors and Affiliations

Katarzyna Skowronek
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Abstract

In the last phase of Franciszek Karpiński's life as a writer (the first quarter of the 19th century), he practically gave up poetry and concentrated instead on writing memoirs. This article tries to find out to what extent his autobiographical work, especially his Historia mego wieku i ludzi, z którymi żyłem [A History of My Century and the People with Whom I Lived], is influenced by an attitude characteristic of the sentimentalism of the previous century. As this analysis shows Karpiński's narrative exhibits both a sensitivity much indebted to Rousseau's autobiographical method and skilful shifts of tone, from satire and irony to various shades of melancholy. For sentimentalist aesthetic and poetics the continual manipulation of tone is a means of alerting the reader to the world's complexity. As in the novels of Lawrence Sterne, that complexity is experienced by way of careful observation of fragments of reality, defined by the subjectivity of the observer and the truth of his emotions.

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Authors and Affiliations

Grzegorz Zając
ORCID: ORCID
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Abstract

This article discusses the unknown circumstances of Stanisław Rembek’s debut as a poet. Stanisław Rembek is the author of highly acclaimed novels about the Polish--Soviet War of 1919–1920 and short stories about the January 1863 Uprising. But practi-cally nobody knows that he made his debut as a with ‘O polski Żołnierzu!’ [‘O Polish Soldier!’], published in the college magazine Razem [ Together] in Piotrków. The poem displays a strong influence of Romanticism; the Romantic attitudes and intellectual legacy would later be discussed and infrequently scoffed at by the characters of his novels.
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Authors and Affiliations

Maciej Urbanowski
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Wydział Polonistyki UJ
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Abstract

This article is an attempt to describe and classify an array of contemporary texts about the death of a parent. Rather than drawing on the methodology and conceptual appara-tus developed on the basis of psychoanalysis this study makes use of the anthropological approach, which, it is assumed, can do full justice to the specific nature of the texts and the motivation declared by their authors. The first part of the article contains a catalogue of selected bereavement texts published in Poland in the last twenty years, arranged in a hierarchical order indicative of their canonical significance. The justification, metho-dology and criteria of that arrangement are discussed in the following section. The third part presents a typology of the collected material. The classification takes into account the following characteristics: subject, commonplaces and recurring themes, narration, intertextual relations, and style. Generally, the classificatory scheme reveals two narra-tive matrices (as defined by Vinciane Despret). They are the ‘inbred’ (i.e. traditional, or high) matrix, and the alternative (i.e. low or eclectic matrix). A comparative analysis of the texts about loss and grief caused by the death of a parent suggests that the division and the choice of discourse is determined by the ideological and political interpretation of the child-parent relationship functioning in the culture, which, in turn, is conditioned by the social role, status and gender of the writer. The writing utensils from the title, the fountain pen and the BIC pen (ball pen) in a way emblematize the two narrative matrices and offer a clue to the writer’s gender.
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Authors and Affiliations

Anna Folta-Rusin
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Zakład Lingwistyki Komputerowej ISI UJ
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Abstract

Representations of loss, grief and mourning are have a prominent place in Mikhail Shiskhin's fiction. They coexist with other parathanatological themes such as funerals and reflections on life after death. As funerals provide the proper opening of periods of mourning, the first part of the article deals with the characters’ reactions to the scenes of death and burial. It is followed, in the second part, by a close examination of the internal life of selected female characters who experience grief after the loss of a person they love. On the whole, Shiskhin's characters seem to be less preoccupied with the funeral as a social institution, but rather tend to experience bereavement in a way which is typical of a melancholic. Drawing on Jacques Derrida's conceptualization of mourning, the article demonstrates how Shishkin's female characters conceal mourning by the act of incorporating the dead into their own bodies and allowing them their voice. At the same time, the activity of letter writing enables them to hinder or even deny bereavement, and in this way, hold off the admission of a complete loss.
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Authors and Affiliations

Anna Skotnicka
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Uniwersytet Jagielloński
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Abstract

This interpretation of Michał Choromański's novel Schodami w górę, schodami w dół ( Upstairs, Downstairs) focuses primarily on issues related to the inner life of the characters and the representation of the outside world in the context of classical psychoanalysis. The appropriateness of the psychoanalytical approach is justified by numerous references to Freud's theory in the text of the novel. The study reaches out to Choromański's other novels and short stories, but embarks on a more systematic comparison of Schodami w górę, schodami w dół with only one of them, Zazdrość i medycyna ( Jealousy and Medicine), his most popular novel published in 1936.
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Authors and Affiliations

Daniel Natkaniec
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Szkoła Doktorska Nauk Humanistycznych, Uniwersytet Jagielloński
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Abstract

This article deals with the expansion of the culture of quixotry in Polish fiction of the 2010s. Although Tomasz Wiśniewski, Natalka Suszczyńska, Dorota Kotas and Wit Szostak, notable representatives of this new trend, on the whole make no reference to Don Quixote, their novels do display certain characteristic features of the quixotic discourse, i.e. the story is centred on a character with an unconventional perception of reality and the primacy of imagination in relations between the individual and society. The imagination that drives these novels moves both upwards, opening to the characters a prospect of vertical ‘Gothic’ ascent, and sideways, helping the characters to explore various ways of life and to adapt in the horizontal real world (cf. Dawid Kujawa, ‘Dzieci skitrane na tyłach katedry’ [Children hidden at the back of the cathedral], “Stoner Polski”, 2022). In the texts of younger writers the vertical vector is often associated with the desire to transcend the condition of depressive precarity and the logic of the capitalist system).
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Authors and Affiliations

Michał Koza
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Wydział Polonistyki UJ
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Abstract

Jalu Kurek, a prominent member of the Cracow avant-garde, is the author of several novels. This article discusses the undeservedly neglected S.O.S., published in 1927, and suggests that its weird plotting and literary mockery is in fact an apocalyptic narrative. It has a place, it is argued, in the 'catastrophist' trends which were on the rise in the Polish literature of the late 1920s and 1930s. It should be read in the context of a growing sense of decline and crisis of European society, which, on the one hand, drew on the cultural pessimism of the turn of the 19th century, and, on the other hand, was a reaction against the wave of modernization that was sweeping the world. As this analysis shows, Jalu Kurek's S.O.S. is deeply ambivalent about the onslaught of modernity.
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Bibliography

● Bergel R., Dwa debiuty powieściowe, „Głos Narodu” 1926, nr 6, s. 3.
● Bergel R., S.O.S. (Katastroficzna powieść Jalu Kurka), „Głos Narodu” 1928, nr 17, s. 3.
● M. Berman, „Wszystko co stałe, rozpływa się w powietrzu”. Rzecz o doświadczaniu nowoczesności, tłum. M. Szuster, Kraków 2006.
● Bolecki W., Modalności modernizmu, Warszawa 2012.
● Cichla-Czarniawska E., „Heretyk awangardy” – Jalu Kurek, Lublin 1987.
● Collins J.J., The Apocalyptic Imagination. An Introduction to Jewish Apocalyptic Literature, Cambridge 1998.
● Czechowicz J., Wyobraźnia stwarzająca. Szkice literackie, oprac. T. Kłak, Lublin 1972.
● Jaworski S., Pisarz społecznej pasji – Jalu Kurek, [w:] Prozaicy dwudziestolecia międzywojennego. Sylwetki, red. B. Faron, Warszawa 1974, s. 413–443.
● Kłosińska K., Katastroficzna odmiana powieści popularnej, [w:] Katastrofizm i awangarda, red. T. Bujnicki, T. Kłak, Katowice 1979, s. 57–76.
● Kłosiński K., Dyskurs katastrofy, [w:] Katastrofizm i awangarda, red. T. Bujnicki, T. Kłak, Katowice 1979, s. 23–39.
● Koniński K.L., Z tęsknot i myśli kryzysu, „Przegląd Współczesny” 1928, nr 80, s. 438–447.
● Kott J., Postęp i głupstwo, t. 2, Warszawa 1956.
● Kruczkowski L., Recenzja S.O.S., „Kurier Zachodni” 1928, nr 57, s. 9.
● Kryszak J., Katastrofizm ocalający. Z problematyki poezji tzw. Drugiej Awangardy, Warszawa 1978.
● Kurek J., Mój Kraków, Kraków 1978.
● Kurek J., S.O.S. (Zbaw nasze dusze!), Kraków 1927, s. 44.
● Kwiatkowski J., Literatura dwudziestolecia, Warszawa 1990.
● Matlingiewicz M., Dwa oblicza historiozofii – o katastrofizmie w powieści dwudziestolecia międzywojennego, „Prace Naukowe Wyższej Szkoły Pedagogicznej w Częstochowie. Studia Neofilologiczne”, pod red. P. Płusy, I. Świtały, t. 3, 2002, s. 129–136.
● Mazurek S., Witkacy – próba historiozofii humanistycznej, [w:] tegoż, Wątki katastroficzne w myśli rosyjskiej i polskiej 1917–1950, Wrocław 1996.
● Piwiński L., Powieść polska, „Przegląd Współczesny” 1928, t. 25, s. 323–355.
● Przyboś J., Listy Juliana Przybosia do Jalu Kurka, [w:] Materiały do dziejów awangardy, oprac. T. Kłak, Wrocław 1975, s. 81–82.
● Speina J., Powieści Stanisława Ignacego Witkiewicza. Geneza i struktura, Toruń 1965.
● Katastrofizm i awangarda, red. T. Bujnicki, T. Kłak, Katowice 1979.
● Wat A., Mój wiek: pamiętnik mówiony, t. 1, Warszawa 1990.
● Wójtowicz A., Cogito i „sejsmograf podświadomości”. Proza Pierwszej Awangardy, Lublin 2010.
● Wójtowicz A., Modernizacja i jej cień. O prozie pierwszej Awangardy, [w:] Dwudziestolecie 1918–1939. Odkrycia. Fascynacje. Zaprzeczenia, red. A.S. Kowalczyk, T. Wójcik, A. Zieniewicz, s. 250–265.
● Wróbel E., „Rozwichrzona” powieść Jalu Kurka, „Prace Naukowe Wyższej Szkoły Pedagogicznej w Częstochowie. Seria: Filologia Polska” 2003, z. IX, s. 80.
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Authors and Affiliations

Iwona Boruszkowska
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Wydział Polonistyki Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego, Kraków
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Abstract

In his article titled ‘Rzut oka na ścieżkę, którą poszedłem’ [A look back at the path I have taken], published in 1832, the twenty-year old Józef Ignacy Kraszewski named a few novelists he thought worth imitating. Among them was the author of Don Quixote, “a man with an intimate knowledge of the human heart, a great investigator, and an exquisite painter”. His masterpiece was “a small collection of essays”, a treasure house of major literary forms for all European writers that came after him. Unexpectedly, however, in the last paragraph of his feuilleton Kraszewski declares he is not interested in following Cervantes because in his writing practice he makes a point of not imitating anybody. “Good or bad”, he concludes, “I am content with myself and with what I write.” I am doing my myself. Yet, if the article is put side by side with some extracts from Don Quixote shows that his demonstrative rejection of literary models does not include the legacy of Cervantes. So, in the end, it is no more than a tongue-in-cheek declaration by a young writer. After all, the novel entitled Pan Walery he is about to write, as it is announced in the article, will be a Cervantes throwback. Its unconventional form (what with interleaved, contrapuntal narrative technique, fragmentary narratives, experiment-ing with hybridity and improvisation) is in fact a literary game with Don Quixote and an ironic appendix to Cervantes' inquiry into the nature of imitatio.
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Authors and Affiliations

Alina Borkowska-Rychlewska
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
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Abstract

From its beginnings – in Poland it was the second half of the 18th century – the novel, a genre that eluded the distinctions of traditional normative poetics, had to face all kinds of strictures, not only in the sphere of aesthetics. At the same time, due to its innovatory representation of reality and its effectiveness as a tool of persuasion, it aroused a genuine interest among the enlightened elites. This positive attitude appears to have been shared by Ignacy Krasicki, whose work (not excepting novels) was generally regarded as a model of unparalleled literary excellence. This article re-examines his achievement as a novelist and discusses at greater length his first novel Mikołaja Doświadczyńskiego przypadki. Published in 1776, it was the first Polish novel and the most interesting example of early realistic fiction until the appearance in 1815 of Dwaj panowie Sieciechowie by Julian Ursyn Niemcewicz.
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Authors and Affiliations

Grzegorz Zając
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Uniwersytet Jagielloński, Kraków

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