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Number of results: 14
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Abstract

Most of the Indian cities and towns have been facing serious traffic noise pollution due to urbanization, substantial growth of new vehicles, inadequate road network, etc. Automotive traffic, railroads, and air traffic are the most common sources of noise pollution in cities, with vehicular traffic accounting for around 55% of overall metropolitan noise. Prolonged exposure to such loud noise causes anger, stress, mental diseases, discomfort, hypertension, concentration problems, and sleeplessness. This study aims to investigate the effects of COVID-19 societal lockdown on changes in the noise pollution levels before, during, and after the lockdown period in various industrial, commercial, residential, and silence zones in Bengaluru, India, in light of the recent imposition of COVID-19 societal lockdown. According to data acquired from the KSPCB (Karnataka State Pollution Control Board) online portal, the average noise levels before and during lockdown were determined to be in the range of 59.4 dB to 70.9 dB and 58.2 dB to 62.7 dB for different zones. During the lockdown, all commercial, industrial and educational activities were closed to limit the spread of infection, resulting in usage of private and commercial transportation declining dramatically. Reduction in the noise level was observed during the lockdown in all monitoring stations of Bengaluru, except for Indira Gandhi Institute of Child Health, where the noise level didn’t decline because of a COVID emergency. Maximum reduction was observed in the commercial area (11.56%) followed by industrial areas (8.34%). The result further indicated that only the industrial area experienced an increase of 8.41% in noise level, while other areas experienced a reduction in a noise level during the early post-lockdown. During the mid and late post-lockdown periods, most locations experienced a rapid spike in the noise intensity.
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Authors and Affiliations

Saima Anjum
1
Anupma Kumari
1

  1. Environmental Biology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Patna University, Patna, India
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Abstract

For a considerable period of time, we lived under conditions in which we paid little heed to the state of our security in its various aspects: military, economic, social, or health-related.
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Authors and Affiliations

Katarzyna Żukrowska
1

  1. Warsaw School of Economics
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Abstract

B a c k g r o u n d: During COVID-19 pandemic, it is necessary to collect and analyze data concerning management of hospitals and wards to work out solutions for potential future crisis. The objective of the study was to investigate how surgical wards in Poland are managing during rapid development of the COVID-19 pandemic.
M e t h o d s: An anonymous, online survey was designed and distributed to surgeons and surgery residents working in surgical departments during pandemic. Responders were divided into two groups: Group 1 (responders working in a “COVID-19-dedicated” hospital) and Group 2 (responders working in other hospitals).
R e s u l t s: Overall, 323 responders were included in the study group, 30.03% of which were female. Medical staff deficits were reported by 21.15% responders from Group 1 and 29.52% responders from Group 2 (p = 0.003). The mean number of elective surgeries performed weekly prior to the pandemic in Group 1 was 40.37 ± 46.31 and during the pandemic was 13.98 ± 37.49 (p <0.001). In Group 2, the mean number of elective surgeries performed weekly before the start of the pandemic was 26.85 ± 23.52 and after the start of the pandemic, it was 7.65 ± 13.49 (p <0.001). There were significantly higher reported levels of preparedness in Group 1 in terms of: theoretical training of the staff, equipping the staff and adapting the operating theater to safely perform procedures on patients with COVID-19. Overall, 62.23% of responders presume being infected with SARS-CoV-2.
C o n c l u s i o n s: SARS-CoV-2 pandemic had a significantly negative impact on surgical wards. Despite the preparations, the number of responders who presume being infected with SARS-CoV-2 during present crisis is high.


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Authors and Affiliations

Tomasz Stefura
1
Justyna Rymarowicz
1
Michał Wysocki
1
Jacek Szeliga
2
Grzegorz Wallner
3
Michał Pędziwiatr
1
Michał Nowakowski
1
Piotr Major
1

  1. 2nd Department of General Surgery, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
  2. Department of General, Gastroenterological, and Oncological Surgery, Collegium Medicum Nicolaus Copernicus University, Toruń, Poland
  3. 2nd Department of General, Gastrointestinal and Oncological Surgery of the Alimentary Tract, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
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Abstract

The present study aimed to propose a conceptual model of the general effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the self-regulatory behavior of students learning online. The participants of the study included 350 students of Salman Farsi University of Kazerun who answered an electronic questionnaire from November 5 to November 24, 2020. This electronic questionnaire consisted of two tools: 1. COVID-19 General Impact Survey 2. Online Self-regulated Learning Questionnaire (OSLQ). The results of the structural equation modeling (SEM) showed that the goal orientation dimension has the highest mean (M=17.58) and the time management dimension has the lowest mean (M=10.18) among students. With the increase in negative academic outcomes and the decrease in students' psychological health during the COVID-19, their online self-regulated learning behaviors have also reduced. In addition, the COVID-19 had a negative and direct effect on online self-regulated learning behaviors in students. The results also showed that the greatest effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on the self-regulatory components of online learning was related to the time management component. As for academic achievement, the three dimensions of goal setting, environmental structure, and self- evaluation showed a positive and significant relationship with the average of two semesters of students. Finally, the overall effects of the COVID-19 could explain 11% of online self-regulatory learning behaviors in students. Implicit implications of these findings for education as well as suggestions for further research are discussed.
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Authors and Affiliations

Moslem Abbasi
1
Yaser Khajavi
1
Leila Shameli
1

  1. Salman Farsi University of Kazerun, Iran
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Abstract

The Covid-19 pandemic is having an unprecedented impact on health systems, on many economic sectors and on the labour market. This critical situation is also accompanied by social destabilisation, which has exacerbated inequalities and severely affected the most disadvantaged population groups, such as migrant workers. This study provides insights into the consequences of the first wave and the lockdown period in Spring 2020 of the Covid-19 pandemic on Romanians living in Italy, using data collected by the International Association Italy-Romania ‘Cuore Romeno’, within a project financed by the Romanian Department for Di-aspora and developed to support actions while strengthening the link with Romanian institutions during the pandemic. Findings show that, during the lockdown, two opposite situations occurred among Romanians. Workers in the ‘key sector’ become indispensable and experienced only small changes, while others lost their job or experienced a worsening of working conditions, with lower wages or an increase in working hours. Most workers chose to stay in Italy, relying on their savings or the support of the Italian government. Job losses, not having new employment, and having limited savings all influenced the decision of a smaller group to return to Romania. In conclusion, the analysis suggests that measures adopted should take into consider-ation that the Covid-19 pandemic might disproportionally hit population groups such as migrants, women, young people and temporary and unprotected workers, particularly those employed in trade, hospitality and agriculture.
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Authors and Affiliations

Luisa Salaris
1
ORCID: ORCID
Andrei Iacob
1
Viviana Anghel
2
ORCID: ORCID
Giulia Contu
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. University of Cagliari, Italy
  2. National University of Political Sciences and Public Administration, Romania
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Abstract

Cloud-based computational environments can offer elastic and flexible services to wide audiences. Małopolska Educational Cloud was originally developed to support the day-to-day collaboration of geographically scattered schools with universities which organized online classes, led by university teachers, as an amendment to face-to-face teaching. Due to the centralized management and ubiquitous access, both the set of services provided by MEC and their usage patterns can be adjusted rapidly. In this paper we show how – during the COVID-19 pandemic – the flexibility of Małopolska Educational Cloud was leveraged to speed up the transition from in-class to remote teaching, both in the classes and schools which were already involved in the MEC project, and newly added ones. We also discuss the actions that were required to support the smooth transition and draw conclusions for the future.
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Bibliography

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  9.  Y.K. Dwivedi, D.L. Hughes, C. Coombs, I. Constantiou, Y. Duan, J.S. Edwards et al., “Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on information management research and practice: Transforming education, work and life,” Int. J. Inf. Manage., vol. 55, p. 102211, 2020.
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Authors and Affiliations

Łukasz Czekierda
1
Filip Malawski
1
Robert Straś
1
Krzysztof Zieliński
1
ORCID: ORCID
Sławomir Zieliński
1

  1. AGH University of Science and Technology, al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Kraków, Poland
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Abstract

The article explores megatrends in management, related to the transition to digital technologies in all spheres of the economy and production in the COVID-19 pandemic. The main contribution to the analysis of the current state of digitalization HR in business. The possibilities of a set of processes and methods of interaction with information in the formation of a strategy of people’s management, are investigated. This is achieved through the use of integrated mobile applications and the automation of HR processes. From the results, the methodology for determining the severity of competences, indicators of behavior are proposed, the strengths and weaknesses of the company’s staff management system in the COVID-19 conditions are taken into account. The practical usability of work is due to the proposed competency-based approach, which makes it possible to increase the efficiency of personnel selection, taking into account key macro-competencies that find an applied form through appropriate behavioral indicators.
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Authors and Affiliations

Juliy Boiko
1
Mykhailo Vedernikov
2
Mariya Zelena
2
Lesia Volianska-Savchuk
2
Natalia Bazaliyska
2

  1. Scientific and Research Department, Khmelnytskyi National University, Ukraine
  2. Department of Personnel Management and Labor Economics, Khmelnytskyi National University, Ukraine
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Abstract

Report of the EASAC’s Environment Programme is an interdisciplinary publication on how to stop the current climatic and ecological crisis. It also raises the question of whether and how the necessary transformation is affected by the current pandemic. I start this refection article by shortly presenting some of the causes and consequences of CO2 rise in the atmosphere. I then summarise the reports diagnosis on the state of civilization and the potential impact of pandemic on our planet. Finally, I suggest further readings on the issue.
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Authors and Affiliations

Joanna Rutkowska
1 2

  1. Komitet Biologii Środowiskowej i Ewolucyjnej PAN
  2. Instytut Nauk o Środowisku, Wydział Biologii, Uniwersytet Jagielloński
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Abstract

The purpose of this publication is to briefly present selected issues, that have been the subject of the work of the International Maritime Publication in the last two years. For IMO this was a period when the organization had to face very serious consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic. It influenced not only the fate of thousands seafarers in this industry, but also the functioning of the Organization itself, forcing to adopt innovative and unprecedented solutions. Their effects are still clearly felt and have an impact on the current as well as future work. Authors would like to draw the attention, inter alia, on issues that have become pivotal in this difficult time and others that focus particularly on aspects related to seafarers’ rights, autonomous ships, fraudulent registration and fraudulent registries of ships, increasing safety in shipping, facilitating maritime trade and protection of maritime environment. Simultaneously, it is worth stressing out that the list of important issues presented in this paper is not exhaustive. The article also briefly presents the organizational structure of IMO.
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Bibliography

Lost-Siemińska D., Obowiązek stosowania najlepszej dostępnej technologii w ochronie środowiska morskiego, Prawo Morskie 2021, t. XL
Konwencja o pracy na morzu, Dz.U. z 2013 r. poz. 845 oraz z 2019 r. poz. 962
Konwencja o ułatwieniu międzynarodowego obrotu morskiego, Dz.U. z 1969 r. poz. 236, ze zm.
Międzynarodowa konwencja o bezpieczeństwie życia na morzu, Dz.U. z 2016 r. poz. 869
Międzynarodowa konwencja o odpowiedzialności cywilnej za szkody spowodowane zanieczyszczeniem olejami, Dz.U. z 2001 r. poz. 1527
Międzynarodowa konwencja o ograniczeniu odpowiedzialności za roszczenia morskie, Dz.U. z 1986 r. poz. 175, zmieniona Protokołem z 1996 r., Dz.U. z 2012 r. poz. 146
Międzynarodowa konwencja o zapobieganiu zanieczyszczaniu morza przez statki, Dz.U. z 2016 r. poz. 761
Pyć D., Ship Energy Efficiency Measures and Climate Protection, International Community Law Review, 2021, 23(2-3)
Pyć D., Międzynarodowa Organizacja Morska [w:] Leksykon prawa morskiego. 100 podstawowych pojęć, (red.) D. Pyć, I. Zużewicz-Wiewiórowska, C.H.Beck Warszawa 2020
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Authors and Affiliations

Aleksandra Lubowska
1 2
Karolina Sypion-Babś
3 4

  1. Zastępca Kierownika Ośrodka ds. IMO przy Polskim Rejestrze Statków S.A., Gdańsk
  2. Przewodnicząca Krajowej Sekcji Bezpieczeństwa na Morzu w Ośrodku ds. IMO, Gdańsk
  3. specjalista Ośrodka ds. IMO przy Polskim Rejestrze Statków S.A., Gdańsk
  4. Przewodnicząca Krajowej Sekcji Prawnej w Ośrodku ds. IMO, Gdańsk
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Abstract

The pandemic has exposed the precarious employment situation of artists, but also created a chance for truly equal access to theater. Maria Babicka and Justyna Czarnota-Misztal discuss the findings of a set of studies on how Polish theaters have coped in these trying times.
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Authors and Affiliations

Maria Babicka
1 2
Justyna Czarnota-Misztal
3

  1. Department of Culture Research, Methods at the Institute of Applied Social Sciences, University of Warsaw
  2. Department of Theater Pedagogy, Zbigniew Raszewski Theater Institute
  3. Department of Theatre Pedagogy, Zbigniew Raszewski Theatre Institute
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Abstract

Background: At the Department of Medical Education, Centre for Innovative Medical Education at Jagiellonian University Medical College, a completely remote OSCE (e-OSCE) was con-ducted for the first time using the Microsoft Teams platform. 255 test takers were tasked with presenting their communication and clinical skills in order to assess clinical reasoning.
Aim: Analysis of the assessment of the OSCE adaptation to the requirements of the COVID-19 pandemic at the Department of Medical Educations in the form of the e-OSCE from the students’ perspective.
Methods: Discussion of the OSCE modification was carried out among 6th-year medical students and graduates undergoing validation of their foreign medical degrees. In order to assess students’ opinions of the e-OSCE, we used questionnaires. The Statistica 12.0 program was used to analyse the results.
Results: According to 91.57% of respondents, the e-OSCE was well-prepared. 60% of students strongly agree and 29.47% rather agree that the order of the stations was appropriate and clear. A majority of respondents rated the e-OSCE as fair. 66.32% of respondents strongly agree and rather agree that the proportions of communication and clinical skills were appropriate. The vast majority of the participants of the exam (81.05%) had enough time for individual stations. A statistically significant (p <0.0001) correla-tion was found between the type of classes and preparation for the e-OSCE. For 61.05% of respondents, the Laboratory Training of Clinical Skills course was the best preparation for students taking the e-OSCE. Taking into account the stressfulness of the OSCE, only 15.96% of students found the online form more stressful than the traditional (in-person) exam.
Conclusions: The e-OSCE in students’ opinions was well-organized. Informing test-takers prior to the e-OSCE about the role of invigilators assessing individual stations should be improved. The e-OSCE has been proven to be suitable for assessing a wide range of material and validating communication and clinical skills in appropriate proportions. The e-OSCE is fair according to examinees’ opinion. The study proves that even in a pandemic, it is possible to prepare an online exam without exposing examiners and examinees to the dangers posed by COVID-19.

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Authors and Affiliations

Agnieszka Skrzypek
1
Natalia Baster
1
Ian Perera
1
Anna Żądło
1
Agata Stalmach-Przygoda
1
Marta Szeliga
1
Grzegorz Cebula
1

  1. Department of Medical Education, Centre for Innovative Medical Education, Faculty of Medicine Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
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Abstract

The third decade of the 21st century clearly reminded us of the volatility, uncertainty, complexity and ambiguity of the environment in which economies, organizations and individuals operate, bringing at least two serious economic crises. On the one hand, the COVID-19 pandemic brought an unprecedented shock of both demand and supply nature, thus materializing the risks associated with the system of international economic connections constructed over many decades. On the other hand, we are facing a global economic crisis caused by Russia's armed aggression against Ukraine. The aim of the article is to capture the impact of the above-mentioned phenomena on the economic situation in Poland from the internal and international perspective, with the global perspective also taken into account. As part of the internal perspective, the focus was on inflationary processes in the short and long term, taking into account their course and possible countermeasures. As part of the international perspective, attention was drawn to one of the most frequently discussed issues, which is making forecasts and assessments regarding the effectiveness and efficiency of sanctions imposed on Russia and Belarus. The second problem within this perspective, which affects both many European economies and developed economies around the world in a tanginble way, is Europe's dependence on Russia for access to energy resources and on China for production capacity. The third issue from the international perspective are the problems related to the reconstruction of the Ukrainian economy after the war and the development prospects of this economy, paying particular attention to the role that Polish enterprises can play in these processes. Finally, within the global perspective, attention was paid to two issues, namely the so-called economy of moderation and the future of globalization. It was assumed that moderation can be considered a synonym of global rationality and a guarantee of the long-term survival of civilization, and therefore also a special case of the so-called common good. With regard to globalization, understood as an advanced form of internationalization, the focus was on the opportunities and threats for the region of Central and Eastern Europe resulting from significant changes in international value chains in connection with the COVID-19 pandemic and the war in Ukraine.
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Authors and Affiliations

Marian Gorynia
1
Piotr Trąpczyński
1

  1. Instytut Gospodarki Międzynarodowej, Uniwersytet Ekonomiczny w Poznaniu
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Abstract

The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic contributed to the implementation of changes in the methodology of conducting many courses at medical universities. Achieving learning outcomes was associated with self-discipline and an increased portion of students’ independent work. The aim of the study is to analyze the adaptation of teaching methods to the requirements of the COVID-19 pandemic at the Department of Medical Education of Jagiellonian University Medical College. The university authorities, instructors and students made every effort not to neglect their education. The Microsoft Teams platform allowed for the efficient organization of remote classes. Lectures, activities based on dialogue, brainstorming and role- -playing were conducted via the Internet. Presentations and short films were made available to students. The safety of individuals participating in classes was guaranteed by password access and an invitation sent prior to an online meeting. Remote learning allowed for the synthesis and deepening of students’ knowledge, improvement of communication skills and development of clinical thinking as future doctors. The disadvantages of online education was the inability to improve practical skills, especially on phantoms, under the direct supervision of a trained instructor.
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Bibliography

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4. Małecki Ł., Stalmach-Przygoda A., Górski S., Kocurek A., Skrzypek A., Kowalska B., Nowakowski M.: Wprowadzenie całościowego kursu komunikacji medycznej dla studentów Wydziału Lekarskiego Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego Collegium Medicum.= The introduction of a comprehensive communication course for medical students of the Faculty of Medicine at the Jagiellonian University Medical College. Uniwersytet Jagielloński Collegium Medicum Zakład Dydaktyki Medycznej. Sztuka Leczenia. 2017; 1: 73–84.
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Authors and Affiliations

Agnieszka Skrzypek
1
Ian Perera
1
Marta Szeliga
1
Grzegorz Cebula
1

  1. Department of Medical Education, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
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Abstract

This issue, Chronicles of a Pandemic, is a collection of 27 position statements published by the Interdisciplinary COVID-19 Advisory Team to the President of the Polish Academy of Sciences, set up in July 2020. This publication is our team’s second comprehensive compilation (after Understanding COVID-19) of information about SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19. Published in September 2020, Understanding COVID-19 aimed to sum up the first months of the pandemic and prepare the public in Poland for the difficult fall and winter 2020–2021. The present study, in turn, was written after two years of the pandemic, which first began in Wuhan in December 2019. We hope that ongoing reports on the course of the pandemic and the dilemmas faced by the public will help us learn from those difficult and important experiences, should similar challenges arise in the future.
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Authors and Affiliations

Jerzy Duszyński
Aneta Afelt
Małgorzata Kossowska
Anna Ochab-Marcinek
Radosław Owczuk
Wojciech Paczos
Anna Plater-Zyberk
Krzysztof Pyrć
Magdalena Rosińska
Andrzej Rychard
Tomasz Smiatacz

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