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Abstract

As polycarbonate is frequently used in many products, its accumulation in landfi lls is absolutely harmful to the environment. The aims of this study were the screening and isolation of polycarbonate-degrading bacteria (PDB) and the assessment of their ability in the degradation of polycarbonate (PC) polymers. Nine-month buried-PC films were used for PDB isolation and identification. The biodegradation ability of the isolates was determined by growth curve, clear zone formation, lipase and amylase production, AFM and FTIR. Bacillus cereus and Bacillus megaterium were identifi ed and considered as PDB. The degradation ability of B. megaterium was significantly higher than that of B. cereus. Both were lipase and amylase positive. AFM and FTIR results showed the initiation of bacterial attachment. The PC biodegradation ability of isolates can be very efficient. Finding such efficient isolates (which was less studied before) will promise a decrease in plastic contamination in the future.
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Authors and Affiliations

Mojgan Arefian
1
Arezoo Tahmourespour
2
Mohammadali Zia
2

  1. Fars Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Fars, Iran
  2. Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran
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Abstract

In this project, two types of treated and untreated alumina nanoparticles with different weight percentages (wt%) of 0.5, 1 and 3% were mixed with polycarbonate matrix; then, the impact ballistic properties of the nano-composite targets made from them were investigated. Three types of projectile noses -cylindrical, hemispherical, and conical, each with the same mass of 5.88\;gr -- were used in the ballistic tests. The results highlighted that ballistic limit velocities were improved by increasing the percentage of alumina nanoparticles and the treatment process; changing the projectile's nose geometry from conical to blunt nose increases the ballistic limit velocity, and ultimately, by increasing the initial velocity of conical and hemispherical nosed projectiles, the failure mechanism of the targets changed from dishing to petalling; whereas for the cylindrical projectile, the failure mode was always plugging.
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Bibliography

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[16] S. Amirchakhmaghi, A. Alavi Nia, Gh. Azizpour, and H. Bamdadi. The effect of surface treatment of alumina nanoparticles with a silane coupling agent on the mechanical properties of polymer nanocomposites. Mechanics of Composite Materials, 51(3):347– 358, 2015. doi: 10.1007/s11029-015-9506-7.
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[20] Z. Zatorski. Diagnostics of ballistic resistance of multi-layered shields. \textit{Archive of Mechanical Engineering, 54(3):205–218, 2007. doi: 10.24425/ame.2007.131555.
[21] H. Motulsky and A. Christopoulos. Fitting Models to Biological Data Using Linear and Nonlinear Regression, a Particle Guide to Curve Fitting. GraphPad Software Inc., San Diego CA, 2003.
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Authors and Affiliations

Ali Alavi Nia
1
Saeed Amirchakhmaghi
2

  1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Bu Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
  2. Department of Mechanical Industrial and Aerospace engineering, Concordia University, Montreal, Canada
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Abstract

Application of retractable enclosures enables to lengthen operation periods for outdoor swimming pools operated in the moderate climate zone. Enclosures allow to diminish energy losses from water in the pool to the environment. Thermal calculations for pools with retractable enclosures are difficult to carry out because of a number of required parameters which can only be estimated. One of them is the transmission of solar radiation through the enclosure. The present paper presents the method of estimation of this parameter for swimming pool enclosures made of polycarbonate panels that have multichannels structure. In order to calculate transmission, the methodology considering the multiples of solar reflection inside the enclosure and their absorption by polycarbonate has been elaborated. Calculation results for transmission of the enclosure were verified experimentally. Analysis of results show that the transmission depends strongly on the enclosure’s construction and on the direction of solar radiation on the enclosure. Mean transmission values of enclosure under research were determined both from calculations and experiment are equal to about 0.69 and 0.64, respectively. However, experimentally determined mean values of total transmission by parallel and perpendicular solar directions in relation to channel axes are equal to about 0.69 and 0.60, respectively.
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Bibliography

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Authors and Affiliations

Zbigniew Zapałowicz
1
Agnieszka Garnysz-Rachtan
1

  1. West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Mechatronics, Department of Energy Technologies, Al. Piastów 19, 70-310 Szczecin, Poland

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