The “Tetradi perevodčika” Journal was founded in 1958 and appeared almost regularly from 1963 to 1989. Its aim was to host readers in an ideal translator’s atelier, seen as an opportunity for theoretical reflection and discussion on concrete matters arising from everyday translation practice. This paper intends to trace the main lines of development of the lively theoretical-practical debate that animated Soviet culture in the late 1950s and early 1960s.