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Abstrakt

This paper summarizes the activity of the chosen Polish geodetic research teams in 2015–2018 in the fields of Earth: rotation, dynamics as well as magnetic field. It has been prepared for the needs of the presentation on the 27th International Union of Geodesy and Geodynamics General Assembly, Montreal, Canada. The part concerning Earth rotation is mostly focused on the use of modelling of diurnal and subdiurnal components of Earth rotation by including low frequency components of polar motion and UT1 in the analysis, study of free oscillations in Earth rotation derived from both space-geodetic observations of polar motion and the time variation of the second degree gravitational field coefficients derived from Satellite Laser Ranging (SLR) and Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) observations, new methods of monitoring of Earth rotation, as well as studies on applications of the Ring Laser Gyroscope (RLG) for direct and continuous measurements of changes in Earth rotation and investigations of the hydrological excitation of polar motion. Much attention was devoted to the GRACE-derived gravity for explaining the influence of surface mass redistributions on polar motion. Monitoring of the geodynamical phenomena is divided into study on local and regional dynamics using permanent observations, investigation on tidal phenomena, as well as research on hydrological processes and sea level variation parts. Finally, the recent research conducted by Polish scientists on the Earth’s magnetic field is described.

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Autorzy i Afiliacje

Janusz Bogusz
Aleksander Brzezinski
Jolanta Nastula

Abstrakt

Artykuł prezentuje wyniki hydrogeologicznych badań obszaru Lubelskiego Zagłębia Węglowego, a w szczególności jurajskiego poziomu wodonośnego. Podzielony jest na cztery zasadnicze bloki tematyczne: 1) stratygrafia, tektonika i litologia warstw jurajskich obszaru LZW, 2) dynamika wód podziemnych, 3) skład chemiczny wód jurajskich, 4) warunki hydrogeochemicznej stabilności. Autorka tekstu wskazuje kilka głównych kierunków wykorzystania wód jurajskich w profilaktyce i leczeniu wielu chorób. Wody zawierające znacznie podwyższoną, w stosunku do najczęściej występującej ilość jonów fluoru, pochodzą z jurajskiej formacji geologicznej i znajdują się na znacznej głębokości pod poziomem terenu. Kopalnia węgla kamiennego ujmuje te wody i łączy je ze znacznie zasolonymi wodami karbońskimi. Po wydobyciu na powierzchnię, a następnie wstępnym oczyszczeniu, wody te są odprowadzane systemem rurociągów i rowów do rzeki. Jurajskie wody, zawierające 6-11 mg F/dm3 zaliczane do nisko zmineralizowanych ze względu na zawartość terapeutyczną fluoru mogą być wykorzystywane w profilaktyce chorób zębów i przyzębia, a także w przypadku leczenia osteoporozy. Ich właściwości mogą być pomocne podczas leczenia, jak również do utrwalania rezultatów zastosowanych metod, na przykład po zabiegach operacyjnych.
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Autorzy i Afiliacje

Małgorzata Ciosmak

Abstrakt

We propose a spit bar setting as the possible palaeoenvironment of the basal Late Cretaceous transgressive sequence in NW Bohemia. A new Cenomanian transgression model for the Bohemian Basin is also proposed. The uppermost Devět Křížů Sandstone, which has been conventionally referred to the Bohdašín Formation, probably represents the middle or lower upper Cenomanian (Upper Cretaceous), not the Triassic as previously supposed. We assume that this controversial unit was deposited before the main latest Cenomanian–early Turonian transgression. The spit bars were likely overgrown by vascular plants during their emergence in the late Cenomanian, and then inundated during the latest Cenomanian and early Turonian transgressive phases. The studied deposits had been intensively bioturbated, and the cf. Taenidium suite was recognized for the first time in them alongside the Thalassinoides assemblage (T. paradoxicus, T. suevicus, Thalassinoides isp., cf. Thalassinoides), which are characteristic of the Scoyenia and Glossifungites ichnofacies, respectively. The bioturbated, rhizolith-bearing horizon was presumably a paleosol.
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Autorzy i Afiliacje

Alina Chrząstek
1
Jurand Wojewoda
2

  1. Institute of Geological Sciences, University of Wrocław, Maksa Borna 9, 50-204 Wrocław, Poland
  2. Faculty of Geoengineering, Mining and Geology, Wrocław University of Science and Technology,Na Grobli 15, 50-421 Wrocław, Poland

Abstrakt

Monitorowanie poziomu morza w oparciu o dane mareograficzne jest istotnym elementem badań geodezyjnych, geodynamicznych i oceanograficznych. Dostarcza ono informacji wykorzystywanych do określania poziomu odniesienia systemów wysokościowych, modelowania geoidy w obszarach nadmorskich, badania ruchów skorupy ziemskiej oraz badania dynamiki oceanów. Badanie zmian poziomu Morza Bałtyckiego stanowi ważny element studiów geodynamicznych na obszarze Centralnej i Północnej Europy. W ramach projektu badawczego, dotyczącego wyznaczenia centymetrowej geoidy na obszarze Polski, przeprowadzono analizę ciągów czasowych obserwacji mareograficznych ze stacji w basenie Morza Bałtyckiego. W oparciu o wspólne cechy zaobserwowane w ciągach czasowych z różnych stacji mareograficznych opracowany został model zmienności poziomu Morza Bałtyckiego. O poprawności opracowanego modelu świadczy wysoki stopień jego skorelowania z danymi mareograficznymi z poszczególnych stacji. Regionalne charakterystyki modelu badano przy użyciu metod regresji i analizy korelacyjnej. Pokazano, że model odzwierciedla zarówno globalne jak i lokalne cechy zmienności poziomu Morza Bałtyckiego. Dyskutowane były również możliwości użycia opracowanego modelu jako odniesienia do badania w mareograficznych ciągach czasowych lokalnych cech, które odzwierciedlają specyficzne dla konkretnej stacji zmiany poziomu morza. Z analizy spektralnej modelu zmienności poziomu Morza Bałtyckiego wynika, iż w zmiennościach tych, obok zasadniczych wyrazów okresowych o okresach rocznym i półrocznym, występuje wyraźny wyraz o okresie Chandlera. Obecność w zmienności poziomu Morza Bałtyckiego składowej charakterystycznej dla nutacji swobodnej była badana przy użyciu analizy korelacyjnej. Na podstawie danych mareograficznych ze stacji z basenu Morza Bałtyckiego wyznaczono również parametry pionowego ruchu kontynentalnego, które są zgodne z odpowiednimi parametrami dostępnymi w literaturze.
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Autorzy i Afiliacje

Jan Kryński
ORCID: ORCID
Yevgen M. Zanimonskiy

Abstrakt

This paper summarizes the activity of the chosen Polish geodetic research teams in 2019–2022 in the fields of the Earth rotation and geodynamics. This publication has been prepared for the needs of the presentation of Polish scientists’ activities on the 28th International Union of Geodesy and Geodynamics General Assembly, Berlin, Germany. The part concerning Earth rotation is mostly focused on the estimation of the geophysical excitation of polar motion using data from Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) and its follow-on (GRACE-FO) missions, and on the improvement of the determination of Earth rotation parameters based on the Satellite Laser Ranging (SLR), Doppler Orbitography and Radiopositioning Integrated by Satellite (DORIS), and Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) satellite techniques. The part concerning geodynamics is focused on geodetic time series analysis for geodynamical purposes and monitoring of the vertical ground movements induced by mass transport within the Earth’s system, monitoring of the crustal movements using GNSS and newly applied Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR), discussing the changes of the landslides and its monitoring using geodetic methods as well as investigations of seismic events and sea-level changes with geodetic methods. Finally, the recent research activities carried out by Polish scientists in the international projects is presented.
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Autorzy i Afiliacje

Janusz Bogusz
1
ORCID: ORCID
Aleksander Brzeziński
2 3
ORCID: ORCID
Walyeldeen Godah
4
ORCID: ORCID
Jolanta Nastula
3
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Military University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
  2. Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
  3. Space Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
  4. Institute of Geodesy and Cartography, Centre of Geodesy and Geodynamics, Warsaw, Poland

Abstrakt

The analysis of natural hazards, including gas-geodynamic phenomena, requires study of the basic physical processes that take place at each stage of an event. This paper focuses on analysing the transport of fragmented rock material during rock and gas outbursts. Our theoretical considerations and experiments have allowed us to specify and verify the significant forces acting on fragmented rock during its transport, thus determining the speed of grains of each grain class in the stream of expanding gas. The above study may serve as a preface to a wide-ranging quantitative and qualitative energy analysis of the movement of material ejected during Gas-geodynamic phenomena.
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Autorzy i Afiliacje

Katarzyna Kozieł
1
ORCID: ORCID
Jakub Janus
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Strata Mechanics Research Institute of the Polish Academy of Science, 27 Reymonta Str., 30-059 Kraków, Poland
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Abstrakt

This article shows that the most sensitive indicator of local and regional karst activity in territories of apparent karst processes is the behaviour of karst lakes. The authors propose a hydrogeological monitoring methodology for the karst pro-cess based on the phase-measuring geoelectric control method in the coastal zone of karst lakes. The geoelectric current control of hydrogeological changes in the medium at local levels uses a multi-frequency vertical electric sounding com-bined with a phase-measuring method of registering the geoelectric signal. These proven methods permit to distinguish var-iations of spatial parameters and the electric conductivity of several layers at a time. Moreover, they significantly increase the noise resistance and sensitivity of the measuring system. An adaptive algorithm function of the measuring complex for geoelectric monitoring of karst lakes’ coastal zones was developed to control the operation of facilities and data collection systems. Based on an example of a lake where karst processes are active, the key zones of hydrogeological control were identified depending on karst manifestations. The research confirmed the possibility of local and regional monitoring of the development and forecasting of destructive karst-suffosion processes based on hydrogeological regime observations of karst lakes.
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Bibliografia

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Autorzy i Afiliacje

Oleg R. Kuzichkin
1
ORCID: ORCID
Roman V. Romanov
2
ORCID: ORCID
Nikolay V. Dorofeev
2
ORCID: ORCID
Gleb S. Vasilyev
1
ORCID: ORCID
Anastasia V. Grecheneva
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Belgorod National Research University, 85 Pobedy St., 308015 Belgorod, Russia
  2. Vladimir State University, Vladimir, Russia

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