@ARTICLE{Kowalska_Małgorzata_Are_2023, author={Kowalska, Małgorzata}, number={No 4}, pages={129-141}, journal={Przegląd Filozoficzny. Nowa Seria}, howpublished={online}, year={2023}, publisher={Komitet Nauk Filozoficznych PAN}, publisher={Wydział Filozofii Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego}, abstract={In the article I analyze the argumentative-interpretative strategy used by Blaise Pascal in Les Pensées as a kind of critical method. He uses this method while presenting various issues, in particular when discussing justice, but also when he problematizes the power of reason itself. This method involves a constant reversal of reasons in the movement from ‘for’ to ‘against’, and in the search for the hidden reason of phenomena-appearances. In this article, I am interested in the paradoxes and ambiguities associated with the use of this method, which I diagnose on several levels, primarily as the effect of employing the ‘unity of opposites’, but also as a manifestation of inconsistency in assessing the possibilities of reason, which in social matters led Pascal to extreme pessimism and cynicism.}, title={Are Opinions of the People Sound? On the Limits of Reason and the Ambiguities of Pascal’s Critical Method}, type={Artykuł}, URL={http://czasopisma.pan.pl/Content/134630/PDF/2023-04-PFIL-09.pdf}, doi={10.24425/pfns.2023.148651}, keywords={ambiguity, critical method, cynicism, dialectics, heart, justice, paradox, people, reason, reason for appearances, reversal of reasons}, }