@ARTICLE{Bożym_Marta_The_2022,
 author={Bożym, Marta},
 volume={vol. 38},
 number={No 2},
 journal={Gospodarka Surowcami Mineralnymi - Mineral Resources Management},
 pages={169-189},
 howpublished={online},
 year={2022},
 publisher={Komitet Zrównoważonej Gospodarki Surowcami Mineralnymi PAN},
 publisher={Instytut Gospodarki Surowcami Mineralnymi i Energią PAN},
 abstract={The aim of this study was to evaluate foundry waste used for various applications in terms of heavy metals quantity of fractions of their binding. The novelty of these studies is the use of speciation procedures to assess the fraction of heavy metals in foundry waste. The two most popular speciation procedures, the Tessier method and the SM&T, and also the TCLP single extraction procedure were used to evaluate the use of foundry waste in agritechnique, road engineering and construction in this research. Additionally, local soils were analyzed and compared to landfill foundry waste (LFW). It was found that LFW may have a negative impact on the natural environment when used for agrotechnological applications due to the increased concentration of mobile and bioavailable fractions (mean 9–18%) of metals. Foundry dusts were characterized by a low percentage of mobile and bioavailable (mean 2–6%) forms, although this does not include electric arc fournance dust (EAFD) (mean 17%). The metal content in TCLP extracts was low in all foundry waste samples and allowed the use of the analyzed wastes in construction and road construction. The usefulness of both speciation procedures for the assessment of the leaching of heavy metal forms from foundry waste was confirmed. However, the SM&T procedure was more effective in leaching mobile and bioavailable forms of heavy metals in foundry waste and soil samples.},
 type={Article},
 title={The assessment of heavy metal binding forms in foundry wastes used as raw materials in agrotechnics, construction and road construction},
 URL={http://czasopisma.pan.pl/Content/123719/PDF-MASTER/Bo%C5%BCym.pdf},
 doi={10.24425/gsm.2022.141660},
 keywords={heavy metals, speciation, foundry wastes, soils},
}