Details Details PDF BIBTEX RIS Title The Effectiveness of the European Approach to Irregular Migration – A Legal-economic Assessment Journal title Polish Yearbook of International Law Yearbook 2024 Issue No XLIV Authors Cardoso, Raquel ; Pavlov, Vasil Affiliation Cardoso, Raquel : Faculty of Law, University Lusíada – Porto (Portugal) ; Pavlov, Vasil : Department of National and Regional Security, University of National and World Economy, Sofia (Bulgaria) Keywords migration ; effectiveness ; migration policy ; migrant smuggling ; externalisation Divisions of PAS Nauki Humanistyczne i Społeczne Coverage 287–319 Publisher Institute of Law Studies PAS ; Committee on Legal Sciences PAS Date 8.12.2025 Type Article Identifier DOI: 10.24425/pyil.2025.156723