Humanities and Social Sciences

Nauka

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Nauka | 2024 | No 2

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Abstract

In his research on the Polish Chronicle by Gallus Anonymous, the author used several versions of a computer programme for the analysis of Latin rhythms. These programs proved beyond any doubt that Gall Anonymous’ Polish Chronicle and the History of the Translation of St. Nicholas, by the anonymous Monk of the Lido, are the work of one and the same person. The prose of both works has proved to be unique; some elements of it have been detected by the programme in the constitutions of Constantine the Great, in Donatist works and in papal bulls from the sixth to the eleventh century inclusive. The description of Slavdom in the Polish Chronicle and many phrases from this chronicle, as well as from the History of the Translation of St Nicholas, prove that Gallus Anonymous/Monk of the Lido sympathised with the pro-Hungarian political party, centred around the Croatian Queen Helena the Beautiful. Some indications suggest that Gallus Anonymous/ Monk of Lido was a monk at the Benedictine monastery of St Bartholomew in the Croatian capital, Knin.
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Authors and Affiliations

Tomasz Jasiński
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Wydział Historii, Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
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Abstract

Genetic research is playing an increasingly important role in cardiology. Inherited cardiovascular diseases which include cardiomyopathies, channelopathies, and familial thoracic aorta aneurysms and dissections, are major causes of sudden death in patients under 35 years of age, while familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is one of the leading causes of myocardial infarction before the age of 50. Genetic testing can determine the implementation of appropriate pharmacotherapy (e.g., for FH, cardiomyopathies, channelopathies), the implantation of a cardioverterdefibrillator (for channelopathies), or the timing of surgical procedures (for aortic diseases). Genetic test results are also crucial for the families of patients with hereditary cardiovascular diseases, as they allow for the identification of those at risk of sudden cardiac death. In this context, it is also important to create legal provisions for post-mortem molecular studies in patients who have died suddenly and are suspected of having a genetic etiology of the disease. The diagnosis of hereditary cardiovascular diseases requires the cooperation of a team of experts: a cardiologist, a radiologist, a clinical geneticist, and a diagnostician with the support of well-equipped laboratories. Leading role of the cardiologist is paramount in the diagnosis of cardiovascular diseases, particularly those not part of a malformation syndrome, and the cardiologist should also have the authority to decide on the necessity of genetic testing. Unfortunately, in Poland, there are still no comprehensive regulations on genetic testing that would organize the requirements for genetic diagnostics, the rights of doctors, diagnosticians, and patients.
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Authors and Affiliations

Elżbieta Katarzyna Biernacka
1
Tadeusz Osadnik
2

  1. Narodowy Instytut KardiologiiStefana kardynała Wyszyńskiego, Państwowy Instytut Badawczy, Warszawa
  2. Poradnia Genetyczna i Diagnostyki Prenatalnej, SamodzielnyPubliczny Szpital Kliniczny nr 1 w Zabrzu, Śląski Uniwersytet Medyczny w Katowicach
Keywords: transplant
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Abstract

Transplantation is a final option for patients with one or several organ failures. The amount of donors is much less than waiting recipients. This article includes selected issues of tansplantation including donors, recipients and medical staff.
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Authors and Affiliations

Karolina Jurczak
1
Adam Parulski
2
Rafał Dąbrowski
3

  1. Pracownia Psychologii Klinicznej, Klinika Choroby Wieńcowej i Rehabilitacj iKardiologicznej, Narodowy Instytut Kardiologii
  2. Centrum Organizacyjno-Koordynacyjne ds. Transplantacji – Poltransplant
  3. Klinika Choroby Wieńcowej i Rehabilitacji Kardiologicznej,Narodowy Instytut Kardiologii
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Abstract

The article describes current initiatives regarding the still insufficient cooperation between EU universities. The reasons for the growing needs in this area and the key benefits of such cooperation are analyzed. The nature of the cooperation will in the near future make it possible to award joint degrees in cooperating groups of universities.
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Authors and Affiliations

Michał Kleiber
1

  1. Instytut Podstawowych Problemów Techniki PAN, Warszawa
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Abstract

In these considerations, he refers to three such visions of the universe, which, although they had the hallmarks of science, also left room for various types of speculations. That's why I call them visions, not scientific theories. This does not mean, however, that I deprive them of their right to be scientific. In fact, they gained this right in their time and still retain it to some extent. However, none of them has the status of a theory to which various reservations would not be made and significant corrections would not be introduced. It applies to both Newton's theory of gravity, Einstein's general theory of relativity and Hawking's theory of a boundaryless universe. My general thesis comes down to the claim that even the most intellectually sophisticated scientific theories are unable to provide definitive answers to fundamental questions about the beginning of the universe and its fate.
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Authors and Affiliations

Zbigniew Drozdowicz
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Instytut Kulturoznawstwa, Uniwersytetim. Adama Mickiewicza
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Abstract

The purpose of this article is to determine the presence of anti-semitism in research at UP in the interwar period. A special place is given to the research of antropologists (J. Czerkawski, K. Stojanowski), and pedagogues. The issue is discussed in context of the political and social situation of Poland in 1919–1939.
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Authors and Affiliations

Karol Olejnik
1

  1. Wydział Historii, Uniwersytet im. AdamaMickiewicza w Poznaniu
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Abstract

The article discusses the conclusions of the U. S. State Department report on the threats resulting from the unregulated development of artificial intelligence. The report warns very emphatically of various future threats facing the world as a result of the uncontrolled development of new information technologies, strongly emphasizing in particular the potential for the destruction of all humanity by globally uncontrolled applications of AI. The second part of the article deals with an issue that is potentially also of great importance for our future, namely a new device that connects the brain with the computer. This device, called Neuralink, wirelessly transmits brain signals to a special program that decodes them to recognize human thoughts. With many undeniable advantages, a huge threat is the ability of undesirable persons to exploit access to a person’s thoughts in order to violate his privacy. The conclusion of the article is that it is necessary to carry out extensive work on regulations aimed at the safe development of AI and its use beneficial for society.
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Authors and Affiliations

Michał Kleiber
1

  1. Instytut Podstawowych Problemów Techniki PAN, Warszawa
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Abstract

The article introduces one of the most outstanding biochemists of the Second Republic of Poland: Jakub Karol Parnas. His scientific research played a key role in understanding the fundamental biochemical process of glycolysis. The scientific career of Jakub Karol Parnas is also a symbol of the unique intellectual atmosphere of Galicia in the 20s and 30s of the last century. Parnas's scientific achievements and research are an inspiring story of scientific success achieved in a place far from world science centers. This success was due to talent, determination and scientific passion, as well as the favorable environment of the Jan Kazimierz University in Lviv.
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Authors and Affiliations

Andrzej Dżugaj
1
Jolanta Barańska
2
Adam Szewczyk
2

  1. Uniwersytet Wrocławski
  2. Biologii Doświadczalnej PAN im. Marcelego Nenckiego, Warszawa
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Abstract

James Joyce is one of the most important European writers, whose work has always been seen as spiced with autobiographical elements. As a consequence, less known letters, photographs, notes and other minor documents shed light not only on Joyce’s life but, as they surface, they also offer new interpretations of his works. The present article analyzes the mosaic of documents collected in the archives of Harry Ransom Center, University of Austin, Texas, in the context of the critical approaches to biography and cultural history. The examination of hitherto neglected papers connected with members of his extended family and friends contributes to the revision of the tenets of life writing and memoirs and to the reconstruction of the wider historical context of his oeuvre.
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Authors and Affiliations

Liliana Sikorska
1

  1. Wydział Anglistyki, Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
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Abstract

The published text contains a lecture given at a sitting of the Poznań Chapter of the Polish Historical Society as well as answers to questions posed afterwards, coming from history students of the Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, who constituted the majority of the audience. The lecture was based on the initial question: “what perception of the University did you imbibe in your family home, how did you later confront this with your own practice of the University, how do you look at it from the perspective of the experience being your own and from observing the changes taking place”. Following on from this, it is divided into two main parts. The first presents the author's university experience, rooted in family tradition and then personally gained from the start of his academic studies at AMU in 1967. The second is a critical reflection on the current condition of universities in Poland. It draws abundantly on statements on the subject by prominent representatives of Polish science.
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Authors and Affiliations

Tomasz Schramm
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Wydział Historii, Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
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Abstract

The Commission examined 17 notifications suggesting violation of research integrity of which most recent cases concerned interactions between research team members, authorship of publications as well as research procedures. Most frequently notifications originated from medical, social and humanistic sciences. Together with the Council for Scientific Excellence (RDN) the Commission submitted to Ministry of Science a plea for introducing amendments to Act on Higher Education to upgrade scientific and ethical requirements in the proceedings leading to associate and full professorship. The Commission is also engaged in intensive work on amendment to the last edition of Code of research integrity.
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Authors and Affiliations

Andrzej Górski
1

  1. przewodniczący Komisji do spraw Etykiw Nauce

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Literatura przedmiotu powinna być umieszczona na końcu pracy w układzie sekwencyjnym (odwołanie w tekście, np. [1]) lub alfabetycznym typu „autor-rok” (odwołanie w tekście, np. (Ziman J., 1978)).

Artykuł:

Watson J.D., Crick F.H.C., Molecular structure of nucleic acids. Nature 1953, nr 171,

s. 737–738.

Książka:

Ziman J., Reliable knowledge. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 1978, s. 124–157.

Rozdział w książce:

Klemensiewicz Z., Przekład jako zagadnienie językoznawstwa, [w:] O sztuce tłumaczenia, pod redakcją M. Rusinka, Wrocław 1955, Zakład im. Ossolińskich, s. 85–97.

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