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English, French, and Polish conceptualizations of Strategic Business Units

Grzegorz Drożdż Barbara Taraszka-Drożdż
LINGUISTICA SILESIANA | 2015 | vol. 36 | 89-109
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Abstract

The present paper is concerned with conceptualisations of Strategic Business Units (SBUs) that appear in a specific piece of business discourse – the Boston Consulting Group (BCG) matrix. More specifically, the authors analyse both the names and the language used to talk about the SBUs. The data for the research comes from three languages: English, Polish, and French, the fi rst of which is the source language of the terminology, while the other two are target languages into which the terminology was rendered. Since the analysed phenomena are chiefl y metaphors and metonymies, the theoretical framework was provided by the Conceptual Metaphor Theory and Conceptual Metonymy Theory.

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Authors and Affiliations

Grzegorz Drożdż
Barbara Taraszka-Drożdż

La questione del doppio ausiliare nelle grammatiche italiane per stranieri

Anna Grochowska-Reiter Daniel Słapek
Kwartalnik Neofilologiczny | 2021 | No 1 | 89-109 | DOI: 10.24425/kn.2021.137036
Keywords auxiliary verbs compound tenses in Italian Italian grammar teaching grammar teaching Italian as a foreign language
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Abstract

In this article, we attempt to examine how the issue of double‑auxiliary verbs, that is, verbs that can be conjugated – in compound tenses – with both avere and essere as auxiliaries, are presented in Italian grammar books for foreign language learners. We will focus in particular on 1) verbs that can be both transitive and intransitive (e.g., ho cominciato un nuovo lavoro vs le vacanze sono cominciate); 2) verbs expressing atmospheric phenomenon ( ha/è nevicato); 3) verbs of movement (e.g., sono volato a Roma vs ho volato diverse volte); 4) verbs that use two auxiliaries indifferently (e.g., ha/è assomigliato); and 5) verbs that change meaning depending on the auxiliary verb used in the compound tense (e.g., ho calzato gli sci vs è calzato a pennello). Our analysis is carried out on 19 grammar textbooks for Italian language referring to the CEFR, highlighting some weaknesses regarding the presentation of the rules for double‑auxiliary verbs, such as the total omission of this issue, a certain selectivity and/or disorder, as well as terminological inconsistencies. In our conclusions, we propose some solutions that may help to systematize the rules regarding double‑auxiliary verbs in Italian.
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Bibliography

1. BONFATTI SABBIONI, M. T. (2013): “Un approccio linguistico all’insegnamento dell’Italiano come lingua seconda”, Italica, 90/1, 95–116.
2. BOZZO, D. (2018): “Essere o avere? La selezione dell’ausiliare tra teoria e didattica nell’insegnamento dell’italiano a stranieri”, Italica Wratislaviensia, 9/2, 55–80. DOI: http:// dx.doi.org/10.15804/IW.2018.09.16.
3. FERRARI, A./ ZAMPESE, L. (2016): Grammatica: parole, frasi, testi dell’italiano, Carocci, Roma.
4. IVANOVSKA-NASKOVA, R. (2018): “L’insegnamento della grammatica dell’italiano LS attraverso corpora”, Italica Wratislaviensia, 9/1, 71–87. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15804/IW.2018.09.04
5. KARCZEWSKA, M. (2015): “Auxiliary verbs in compound tenses in Italian and German: A comparative study”, Studia Linguistica, 34, 61–74.
6. KILGARRIFF, A./ BAISA, V. et al. (2014): “The Sketch Engine: ten years on”, Lexicography, 1, 7–36.
7. PAOLI, M. (2016): “Entrare, uscire, salire e scendere: transitivi a furor di popolo?”, disponibile on line: https://accademiadellacrusca.it/it/consulenza/entrare-uscire-salire-e-scendere-transitivia- furor-di-popolo/1047.
8. ROCCHETTI A. (1987), “’Sono’ ou ‘Ho vissuto’? L’emploi des auxiliaires avec les verbes intransitifs”, Chroniques italiennes, 11/12 (3/4), 161–171.
9. SALVI, G. (2001): “La frase semplice”, in: RENZO, L./ SALVI, G./ CARDINALETTI, A. (a cura di): Grande grammatica italiana di consultazione. Vol. I. La Frase. I sintagmi nominale e preposizionale, il Mulino, Bologna, 37–127.
10. SALVI, G./ VANELLI, L. (2004): Nuova grammatica italiana, il Mulino, Bologna.
11. SANTI, M. (2006): “Inaccusatività (intransitività scissa)”, Quaderni del Laboratorio di Linguistica, 6, 1–15.
12. SATTA, L. S. (1981), La prima scienza. Grammatica italiana per il biennio delle scuole medie superiori, Messina‑Firenze, D’Anna.
13. SENSINI, M. (1997): La grammatica della lingua italiana, Mondadori, Milano.
14. TRIFONE, P./ PALERMO, M. (2007): Grammatica italiana di base, Bologna, Zanichelli.
15. ZAMBORLIN, C. (2005): “Essere o avere? Oltre le regole tradizionali per comprendere la selezione dell’ausiliare nel passato prossimo. Applicazione glottodidattica delle nozioni di ruolo semantico e di verbo inaccusativo”, in: Insegnare Italiano in Giappone, Istituto Italiano di Cultura, Tokyo, 39–72.

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Authors and Affiliations

Anna Grochowska-Reiter
1
Daniel Słapek
2
  1. Uniwersytet Adama Mickiewicza, Poznań
  2. Uniwersytet Jagielloński, Kraków

Motivational aspects of wintering in polar stations

Alicja Walotek Agnieszka Skorupa Paola Barros-Delben
Polish Polar Research | 2024 | vol. 45 | No 2 | 89-109 | DOI: 10.24425/ppr.2024.150027
Keywords the Arctic Antarctic psychological challenges motivation winter over
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Abstract

For over one hundred years, humans have been actively exploring polar regions. At present, each year, several thousand people work at polar stations in the Arctic and Antarctica. Polar stations have unique workplace characteristics; the conditions are classified as isolated, confined, and extreme. This leaves the important question of what motivates people to carry out professional tasks in such a context, particularly during wintering over in a polar station. The current study was designed to answer that question. Eighty-six winterers (22 women and 64 men) from ten different countries described their motivation to winter over. The qualitative approach, thematic analysis, was applied to data analysis. Two coding cycles were applied: initial coding and theming of the data. Fifty-six detailed categories were identified and then grouped thematically, resulting in 17 main categories. The three main motivation categories were challenge and adventure (N = 36), unique experience (N = 16), and performance of the job (N = 15). There were also differences in motivation between explorers from different countries, from Arctic and Antarctic polar stations, from civilian and military polar stations, and between female and male polar expeditioners. Obtained results can be applied to improve selection procedures and better support expeditioners during their stay in the polar station.
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Authors and Affiliations

Alicja Walotek
1
ORCID: ORCID
Agnieszka Skorupa
2
ORCID: ORCID
Paola Barros-Delben
3
ORCID: ORCID
  1. Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Silesia, Grażyńskiego 53, 40-126 Katowice, Poland
  2. Institute of Psychology, University of Silesia, Grażyńskiego 53, 40-126 Katowice, Poland
  3. Human Factor Laboratory, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Engenheiro Agronômico Andrei Cristian Ferreira street, n/n - Trindade, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, 88040-900, Brazil

“Foul and untameable sprout…” – Plutarch on envy

Joanna Sowa
Meander | Vol. 78 (2023) | 89-109 | DOI: 10.24425/meander.2023.147937
Keywords Plutarch Greek literature ancient philosophy emotions in ancient literature envy hate practical ethics
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Abstract

Although for many years Plutarch has not been particularly valued for his philosophy, there is a growing interest today in his “practical ethics” and in particular in his writings on human emotions. This paper analyses Plutarch’s views on envy, its causes and effects, as well as the similarities and differences between envy on the one hand and ambition as well as hate on the other. His ideas for “healing” these negative emotions are also presented, ranging from total suppression to replacing the object of envy with another.
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Authors and Affiliations

Joanna Sowa
1
ORCID: ORCID
  1. Katedra Filologii Klasycznej, Uniwersytet Łódzki

Magic in Historical Narration. Magical Interpretation of the Guestion of the Origin of Religion in Polish Human Sciences

Wiktor Werner
Historyka Studia Metodologiczne | 2002 | vol. 32 | 89-109
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Abstract

The article deals with the debate on the origins of the primary religion that took place in Polish human sciences after the Second World War. The Author analyses the conceptual structure of texts which constituted the debate.
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Authors and Affiliations

Wiktor Werner
ORCID: ORCID

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