The component of the cause for the emotional state of the person experiencing the emotion is built into the structure of the class of verba sentiendi. Most emotive verbs can be classed as P(x, q) predicates, where q is the position of the propositional argument in which the content qualifying the causal component is expressed. The syntactic characteristics of sentences (conjunctions, prepositions) often do not communicate unequivocally the causal function. This paper demonstrates the existence in languages of contextual syntactic conditions which foster the use of explicit exponents of causality (e.g., Pol. ponieważ / bo // z powodu; Bulg. защото / понеже // поради / заради / по повод), appearing in alteration with the exponents of cohesion typical of the given verb. Also brought to attention is the use in sentence structures of other lexical means serving a similar function, like Pol. wynikający / płynący; Bulg. причинен / предизвикан. In conclusion it is stated that the research which takes into account the semantic structure of the predicate allows for analyzing phenomena that are usually not included in descriptions of case government of verbs.

A self-conscious emotion of pride is viewed in the proposed article as a complex concept comprising the meanings of authentic, hubristic, and collective pride. It has been revealed that the specificity of cross-cultural expression and perception of this concept is to some extent influenced by the level of individualism serving as one of the criteria for culture classification. Different level of individualism in such related cultures as German and English-speaking cultures (ESC) served as the basis for the hypothesis that the emotion concept (EC) PRIDE in ESC (1) may be perceived more positively and (2) may contain more intensive meanings than Germ. STOLZ due to the fact that the level of individualism in the ESC is higher than German. Аs a result, their pride is more “individualistic”, i.e. it is more oriented towards an individual’s interests and needs bringing them more pleasure.