Programming frameworks [1] are application generators with the following components: library of software modules (building blocks out of which the system is constructed), a method for designing new modules that can be appended to the above mentioned library, a pattern according to which ready modules can be assembled into a complete system jointly exerting control over it and realizing the task at hand. The presented transition function based formalism can be applied to specifying programming frameworks for robot controllers executing very diverse tasks. The paper deals with systems consisting of multiple embodied agents, influencing the environment through effectors, gathering information from the environment through sensors and communicating with other agents through communication channels. The presented code patterns pertain to behavioural agents. The formalism was instrumental in the design of MRROC++ robot programming framework, which has been used for producing controllers of single and two manipulator systems performing diverse tasks. The formalism introduces rigor into the discussion of the structure of embodied agent controllers. It is used as the means for the specification of the functions of the components of the control system and the structure of the communication links between them. This structures the implementation of a programming framework, and that in turn makes the coding of specific controllers much easier, both from the point of view of dealing with the hardware configuration of the system and the specific task that has to be executed.

In this paper we present results of systematic and comprehensive simulation analysis of the Tsao & Safonov unfalsified controller for complex robot manipulators. In particular, we show that the controller falsification procedure yields the closedloop unfalsified controller, which accomplishes the control objective, within a finite and relatively short time interval with the number of invocations of linear programming based unfalsified controller selection procedure being relatively small. We also present some conclusions resulting from the investigation of the effect of such elements as manipulator structure complexity, prior knowledge about disturbances, reference trajectory and assigned closed-loop spectrum on unfalsified controller performance and computational complexity.

The paper presents a method of priority scheduling that is useful during the planning of multiple-structure construction projects. This approach is an extension of the concept of interactive scheduling. In priority scheduling, it is the planner that can determine how important each of the technological and organisational constraints are to them. A planner's preferences can be defined through developing a ranking list that defines which constraints are the most important, and those whose completion can come second. The planner will be able to model the constraints that appear at a construction site more flexibly. The article presents a general linear programming model of the planning of multiple-structure construction projects, as well as various values of each of the parameters that allow us to obtain different planning effects. The proposed model has been implemented in a computer program and its effectiveness has been presented on a calculation example.

The second part of the paper presents finite-dimensional models of linear elastic, elastic-strain hardening, elastic-perfectly plastic

and rigid-perfectly plastic structures. These models can be seen as a result of discretisation procedure applied to the models of solids derived in the Part I. The implications of sub-dividing degrees of freedom into those with prescribed external forces and those with given displacements are discussed. It is pointed out that the dual energy principles given in this part of the paper can serve as a direct basis for numerical computations.

This paper presents revised and extended version of theory proposed in the late 1970-ties by A. ˇCyras and his co-workers. This theory, based upon the notion of duality in mathematical programming, allows us to generate variational principles and to investigate existence and uniqueness of solutions for the broad class of problems of elasticity and plasticity. The paper covers analysis of solids made of linear elastic, elastic-strain hardening, elastic-perfectly plastic and rigid-perfectly plastic material. The novelty with respect to ˇCyras’s theory lies in taking into account loads dispersed over the volume and displacements enforced on the part of surface. A new interpretation of optimum load for a rigid-perfectly plastic body is also given.

The presented method is constructed for optimum scheduling in production lines with parallel

machines and without intermediate buffers. The production system simultaneously

performs operations on various types of products. Multi-option products were taken into

account – products of a given type may differ in terms of details. This allows providing for

individual requirements of the customers. The one-level approach to scheduling for multioption

products is presented. The integer programming is used in the method – optimum

solutions are determined: the shortest schedules for multi-option products. Due to the lack

of the intermediate buffers, two possibilities are taken into account: no-wait scheduling,

possibility of the machines being blocked by products awaiting further operations. These two

types of organizing the flow through the production line were compared using computational

experiments, the results of which are presented in the paper.

The research is devoted to the organization of the energy policy objectives implementation

through programs. A country’s energy policy can be monitored in many ways. The article proposes

to consider the implementation of energy policy objectives with the budget programs maintenance

on the example of Ukraine. Budget programs make it possible to trace the dynamics of changes in

the aim and directions of the authorities’ energy policy, implemented for budgetary funds. With the

budget programs since 2002 in Ukraine, it was possible to trace the increase in spending on the coal

industry, highlight the funding forced of negative consequences in the energy sector and separate

the steps to develop an energy strategy. Changes in the totality of energy policy budget programs

are shown, their contents are considered. The decrease in the budget programs number associated

both with the enlargement of their aim and with the withdrawal expenses for reconstruction and

social protection of those affected by the previous energy activities from the budget funding. To

assess budget programs planning and implementation uniformity the author’s integrated indicator is

proposed. It takes the funding level and the quality indicator implementation on assignment directions

into account. The calculation of the indicator showed that the expenditures for the general

management of the energy policy and for scientific development are planned in the programs more

evenly than the expenses for the energy strategy implementation.

Bilevel programming problem is a non-convex two stage decision making process in which the constraint region of upper level is determined by the lower level problem. In this paper, a multi-objective indefinite quadratic bilevel programming problem (MOIQBP) is presented. The defined problem (MOIQBP) has multi-objective functions at both the levels. The followers are independent at the lower level. A fuzzy goal programming methodology is employed which minimizes the sum of the negative deviational variables of both the levels to obtain highest membership value of each of the fuzzy goal. The membership function for the objective functions at each level is defined. As these membership functions are quadratic they are linearized by Taylor series approximation. The membership function for the decision variables at both levels is also determined. The individual optimal solution of objective functions at each level is used for formulating an integrated pay-off matrix. The aspiration levels for the decision makers are ascertained from this matrix. An algorithm is developed to obtain a compromise optimal solution for (MOIQBP). A numerical example is exhibited to evince the algorithm. The computing software LINGO 17.0 has been used for solving this problem.

The main optimized objects in underground mines include: stope layout, access layout and production scheduling. It is common to optimize each component sequentially, where optimal results from one phase are regarded as the input data for the next phase. Numerous methods have been developed and implemented to achieve the optimal solution for each component. In fact, the interaction between different phases is ignored in the tradition optimization models which only get the suboptimal solution compared to the integrated optimization model. This paper proposes a simultaneous integrated optimization model to optimize the three components at the same time. The model not only optimizes the mining layout to maximize the Net Present Value (NPV), but also considers the extension sequence of stope extraction and access excavation. The production capacity and ore quality requirement are also taken into account to keep the mining process stable in all mine life. The model is validated to a gold deposit in China. A two-dimensional block model is built to do the resource estimation due to the clear boundary of the hanging wall and footwall. The thickness and accumulation of each block is estimated by Ordinary Kriging (OK). In addition, the conditional simulation method is utilized to generate a series of orebodies with equal possibility. The optimal solution of optimization model is carried out on each simulated orebody to evaluate the influence of geological uncertainty on the optimal mining design and production scheduling. The risk of grade uncertainty is quantified by the possibility of obtaining the expected NPV. The results indicate that the optimization model has the ability to produce an optimal solution that has a good performance under the uncertainty of grade variability.

A new soft-fault diagnosis approach for analog circuits with parameter tolerance is proposed in this paper. The approach uses the fuzzy nonlinear programming (FNLP) concept to diagnose an analog circuit under test quantitatively. Node-voltage incremental equations, as constraints of FNLP equation, are built based on the sensitivity analysis. Through evaluating the parameters deviations from the solution of the FNLP equation, it enables us to state whether the actual parameters are within tolerance ranges or some components are faulty. Examples illustrate the proposed approach and show its effectiveness.

Precise measurement of rail vehicle velocities is an essential prerequisite for the implementation of modern train control systems and the improvement of transportation capacity and logistics. Novel eddy current sensor systems make it possible to estimate velocity by using cross-correlation techniques, which show a decline in precision in areas of high accelerations. This is due to signal distortions within the correlation interval. We propose to overcome these problems by employing algorithms from the field of dynamic programming. In this paper we evaluate the application of correlation optimized warping, an enhanced version of dynamic time warping algorithms, and compare it with the classical algorithm for estimating rail vehicle velocities in areas of high accelerations and decelerations.

In the era of Industry 4.0, the automation of processes in the life cycle of a product seems

to be a necessity. Although programming CNC machines with CAM systems make it possible,

it is necessary to effectively acquire knowledge about the programming process and

technological requirements for effective automation. The paper presents a method for decomposition

of knowledge about the CNC machine programming process based on acquiring

knowledge from various sources, both from technologists as well as on the basis of analysis

of archival CNC control programs. To decompose the programming process, it is proposed

to apply the knowledge model described by various attributes. Verification of the method

is shown in the process of knowledge decomposition for manufacturing special production

tooling.

Seasonality is a function of a time series in which the data experiences regular and predictable

changes that repeat each calendar year. Two-stage stochastic programming model

for real industrial systems at the case of a seasonal demand is presented. Sampling average

approximation (SAA) method was applied to solve a stochastic model which gave a productive

structure for distinguishing and statistically testing a different production plan. Lingo

tool is developed to obtain the optimal solution for the proposed model which is validated

by Math works Matlab. The actual data of the industrial system; from the General Manufacturing

Company, was applied to examine the proposed model. Seasonal future demand

is then estimated using the multiplicative seasonal method, the effect of seasonality was

presented and discussed. One might say that the proposed model is viewed as a moderately

accurate tool for industrial systems in case of seasonal demand. The current research may

be considered a significant tool in case of seasonal demand. To illustrate the applicability of

the proposed model a numerical example is solved using the proposed technique. ANOVA

analysis is applied using MINITAB 17 statistical software to validate the obtained results.

Good practices in the creation of the Commune Revitalization Program – cooperation between the University of Adam Mickiewicz and the City of Kalisz, The entry of the Revitalization Act on November 18, 2015 enabled municipalities to efficiently plan and conduct the process of moving degraded areas out of the crisis. The Act introduced key regulations affecting the programming of revitalization in Poland. One of the most important instruments is the Municipal Revitalization Program. In order to be able to fully use the potential of this document, we should look for solutions that allow creating the most comprehensive solutions. One of the examples of such activities is cooperation between the university and the local government. Thanks to this combination of practical knowledge of officials with theoretical knowledge of academic experts, we can say that it is a project unique in the country. It is also unique due to the fact that spatial economy students who actively participated in the document creation process were included in the work. The aim of the work is to present the course of the cooperation process of the University of Adam Mickiewicz with the Office during the preparation of the Municipal Revitalization Program for the city of Kalisz and showing the role that the students included in the project played in this project

The revitalization of brownfi elds and post-industrial facilities is a long-term and multistage process. In the first stage of revitalization, it is important to assess the material, emotional and utilitarian value of the preserved cultural heritage. On the example of a revitalization project that has been ongoing since 1996, the former areas of the Gdańsk Shipyard, where the remains of the Imperial Shipyard and Schichau Shipyard are located, the process of formulating the value of the preserved cultural material heritage has been presented. The impact of this process on the subsequent stages of the revitalization of the Young City in Gdańsk was also presented. Gdańsk Shipyard is the cradle of Solidarity, so the emotional value associated with the events accompanying the creation of the Solidarity movement was considered to be the dominant one. Only two objects were entered in the register of monuments; BHP Hall and Solidarity Square (Plac Solidarności). When the Local Development Plan has been passed many investments have begun by various investors without comprehensive integrated activities. The demolition of the preserved halls and the dismantling of shipyard equipment began. This caused that in 2015 the uniqueness of the survived post-industrial complex, qualifying it for inclusion in the World Heritage list, was appreciated. In 2018, the Provincial Pomeranian Monument’s Conservator began the procedure of entry of the preserved objects to the register of monuments. This resulted in the suspension of all investments that commenced legally in the area covered by the proceedings. Lack of proper assessment of the cultural value of material heritage at the stage of preparing the revitalization process led to the loss of part of this heritage and caused increase of the investment activities risk in this area.

The article is part of the trend of research on revitalization. It presents the methodology of the process of diagnosis and separation of the degraded area from the revitalized one, for the needs of the Local Revitalization Program. The article describes the stages of the process, the examples of used measures, as well as problems appearing at diff erent stages of the study. The methodology is presented on the example of the small town of Wojkowice from the Śląskie Province.

Poland’s National Vaccination Program is an essential element in the strategy of prevention of infectious diseases and their complications, here considered with a particular focus on combination vaccines and the need for the Program’s further expansion.