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ACADEMIA. The magazine of the Polish Academy of Sciences

ACADEMIA. The magazine of the Polish Academy of Sciences

Opis

The „Academia” magazine was founded on the initiative of Professor Andrzej B. Legocki, a President of the Polish Academy of Sciences in 2003 – 2006. In the beginning it was published only in English as a reply to the growing demand for a current information on the Polish Academy of Sciences` activities, expressed by foreign scientists and Poles living abroad and interested in Polish science.

Since 2005 the magazine is published both in Polish and English.

The „Academia” is an exceptional - on the Polish market - scientific magazine for the general public, propagating achievements of Polish scientists here and abroad. Authors of articles in „Academia” explain their subject in a way that is accessible not only for all sorts of academics but also for students, pupils and all other readers interested in scientific topics for the general public.

ISSN
1731-7401
Wydawcy
Polish Academy of Sciences

Editorial Staff

Jolanta Iwańczuk (Editor-in-Chief, Earth Sciences)

Daniel Sax (Editor, English-Language Version)

Marcin Pietras (Biological & Agricultural Sciences)

Justyna Orłowska (Journalist)

Andrzej Figatowski (Graphic Designer)

Anna Bielec (Project Coordinator)


Scientific Council

Marek Konarzewski, President of the Polish Academy of Sciences (Chairman)

Dariusz Jemielniak (Deputy Chairman)

Andrzej Buko

Katarzyna Czarnecka

Patrycja Dołowy

Paweł Golik

Janusz Jurczak

Tomasz Kapitaniak

Marek Krawczyk

Krzysztof Nowak

Anna Zawadzka

Publisher:


Polish Academy of Sciences

Communication and Science Information Department

Defilad sq. 1,

00-901 Warsaw, Poland

e-mail: academia@pan.pl



The journal content is available under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0)
ttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.



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Zawartość

ACADEMIA. The magazine of the Polish Academy of Sciences | 2023 | No 4 (80) Authenticity

1 Contents
ACADEMIA. The magazine of the Polish Academy of Sciences | 2023 | No 4 (80) Authenticity
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2 Editorial
ACADEMIA. The magazine of the Polish Academy of Sciences | 2023 | No 4 (80) Authenticity
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3 Reading History From DNA
Marek Figlerowicz
ACADEMIA. The magazine of the Polish Academy of Sciences | 2023 | No 4 (80) Authenticity | 4-7 | DOI: 10.24425/academiaPAS.2023.147624
Słowa kluczowe: Middle Ages DNA genetics
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Abstrakt

Studying ancient human DNA can help us better understand the early histories of states and nations – says Prof. Marek Figlerowicz from the PAS Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry in Poznań.
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Autorzy i Afiliacje

Marek Figlerowicz
1
  1. PAS Instituteof Bioorganic Chemistry
4 Forgeries in Paleontology
Grzegorz Pacyna , Tomasz Sulej , Jadwiga Ziaja
ACADEMIA. The magazine of the Polish Academy of Sciences | 2023 | No 4 (80) Authenticity | 8-11 | DOI: 10.24425/academiaPAS.2023.147625
Słowa kluczowe: fossils paleontology
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Abstrakt

Paleontological research faces a persistent challenge: distinguishing genuine fossils from skillful forgeries – a task crucial for maintaining the scientific rigor and historical credibility of the discipline.
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Autorzy i Afiliacje

Grzegorz Pacyna
1
Tomasz Sulej
2
Jadwiga Ziaja
3
  1. Institute of Botany, Faculty of Biology,Jagiellonian University in Krakow
  2. Roman KozłowskiPAS Institute of Paleobiology, in Warsaw
  3. Władysław Szafer Institute of Botany,PAS in Krakow
5 Syntactic Borrowings
Mariusz Górnicz
ACADEMIA. The magazine of the Polish Academy of Sciences | 2023 | No 4 (80) Authenticity | 12-14 | DOI: 10.24425/academiaPAS.2023.147626
Słowa kluczowe: Polish language linguistics borrowings
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Abstrakt

Polish has been influenced by other languages in a variety of ways – bringing in not only new words but also syntactic borrowings. Syntactic calques from English, increasingly common in recent years, often lead to unnatural-sounding or unnecessarily complex sentence structures in Polish.
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Autorzy i Afiliacje

Mariusz Górnicz
1
  1. Institute of Specialized and InterculturalCommunication, University in Warsaw
6 To Be or Not to Be (Yourself)
Magdalena Iwanowska
ACADEMIA. The magazine of the Polish Academy of Sciences | 2023 | No 4 (80) Authenticity | 15-17 | DOI: 10.24425/academiaPAS.2023.147627
Słowa kluczowe: social media Self-presentation
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Abstrakt

In our social-media era, the boundary between what we portray as true and what is false is growing increasingly thin. The decision of how we present ourselves on social media has a significant impact on our mental well-being.
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Autorzy i Afiliacje

Magdalena Iwanowska
1
  1. Department of Economic and OrganizationalPsychology University of Gdansk
7 The Art of Encryption
Bartosz Naskręcki
ACADEMIA. The magazine of the Polish Academy of Sciences | 2023 | No 4 (80) Authenticity | 18-21 | DOI: 10.24425/academiaPAS.2023.147628
Słowa kluczowe: encryption cryptography Enigma
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Abstrakt

In our digitally driven era, safeguarding information has become paramount. Encrypting data is essential for keeping it safe and secure.
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Autorzy i Afiliacje

Bartosz Naskręcki
1
  1. Adam Mickiewicz University in PoznańPAS Institute of Mathematics in Warsaw
8 The Plague of Authenticity
Mikołaj Sławkowski-Rode
ACADEMIA. The magazine of the Polish Academy of Sciences | 2023 | No 4 (80) Authenticity | 22-25 | DOI: 10.24425/academiaPAS.2023.147629
Słowa kluczowe: philosophy
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Abstrakt

On the notion of authenticity and whether it is worth pursuing.
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Autorzy i Afiliacje

Mikołaj Sławkowski-Rode
1
  1. Faculty of Philosophy, University of Warsaw
9 Genetically Copying Poland’s Oldest Oaks
Paweł Chmielarz
ACADEMIA. The magazine of the Polish Academy of Sciences | 2023 | No 4 (80) Authenticity | 26-29 | DOI: 10.24425/academiaPAS.2023.147630
Słowa kluczowe: DNA oak trees in vitro propagation
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Abstrakt

Typically, a plant’s genotype can be replicated through vegetative propagation. Oak trees, however, cannot be reproduced by this method. So how can we preserve the ancient genotypes of monumental oaks, many of which are dying?
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Autorzy i Afiliacje

Paweł Chmielarz
1
  1. PAS Institute of Dendrology, Kórnik
10 Art’s Hidden Typology
Marek Kuś , Jacek Rogala , Joanna Dreszer , Beata Bajno
ACADEMIA. The magazine of the Polish Academy of Sciences | 2023 | No 4 (80) Authenticity | 30-34 | DOI: 10.24425/academiaPAS.2023.147631
Słowa kluczowe: artificial intelligence algebraic topology
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Abstrakt

When we look at works of art, our brain reacts to what we see in subconscious ways. Certain aspects of our perceptions can be captured using algebraic methods.
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Autorzy i Afiliacje

Marek Kuś
1
Jacek Rogala
2
Joanna Dreszer
3
Beata Bajno
4
  1. PAS Center for Theoretical Physics in Warsaw
  2. Center for Research on Culture, Languageand Mind, University of Warsaw
  3. Institute of Psychology Nicolaus CopernicusUniversity in Toruń
  4. Association of Polish Artists and Designers,Warsaw Section
11 Reflections in a Distorted Mirror
Dominik Tomaszewski
ACADEMIA. The magazine of the Polish Academy of Sciences | 2023 | No 4 (80) Authenticity | 35-37 | DOI: 10.24425/academiaPAS.2023.147632
Słowa kluczowe: statistics herbaria big data
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Abstrakt

Mathematics offers tools renowned for their objectivity, which is a cornerstone of scientific inquiry. Yet the question arises: how accurately do statistical methods really reflect the complexities of the real world?
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Autorzy i Afiliacje

Dominik Tomaszewski
1
  1. PAS Institute of Dendrology in Kórnik
12 Information Quality on Wikipedia
Włodzimierz Lewoniewski
ACADEMIA. The magazine of the Polish Academy of Sciences | 2023 | No 4 (80) Authenticity | 38-41 | DOI: 10.24425/academiaPAS.2023.147633
Słowa kluczowe: encyclopedia big data Wikipedia
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Abstrakt

Wikipedia, one of the world’s most popular websites, owes its success to its authors – i.e. to all of us. But how do we know if the information it offers is reliable?
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Autorzy i Afiliacje

Włodzimierz Lewoniewski
1
  1. Department of Information SystemsPoznań University of Economics and Business
13 On Modelling and Dedication
Aleksander Welfe
ACADEMIA. The magazine of the Polish Academy of Sciences | 2023 | No 4 (80) Authenticity | 42-47 | DOI: 10.24425/academiaPAS.2023.147634
Słowa kluczowe: econometrics economics modeling
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Abstrakt

We discuss econometric modeling with Prof. Aleksander Welfe from the University of Łódź and Warsaw School of Economics (SGH), Vice-President of the Polish Academy of Sciences.
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Autorzy i Afiliacje

Aleksander Welfe
1
  1. Vice-President of the Polish Academy of Sciences
14 Between Truth and Authenticity
Kamila Baraniecka-Olszewska
ACADEMIA. The magazine of the Polish Academy of Sciences | 2023 | No 4 (80) Authenticity | 48-51 | DOI: 10.24425/academiaPAS.2023.147635
Słowa kluczowe: historical reconstructions anthropology history
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Abstrakt

Historical reenactors are not merely mad eccentrics; they are also earnest history aficionados eager for us to learn from the past – says Kamila Baraniecka-Olszewska from the PAS Institute of Archaeology and Ethnology in Warsaw.
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Autorzy i Afiliacje

Kamila Baraniecka-Olszewska
1
  1. PAS Institute of Archaeology and Ethnology in Warsaw
15 Pulling the Strings
Daria Dulok
ACADEMIA. The magazine of the Polish Academy of Sciences | 2023 | No 4 (80) Authenticity | 52-55 | DOI: 10.24425/academiaPAS.2023.147636
Słowa kluczowe: Kathputli theatre marionettes India
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Abstrakt

Exploring the vibrant world of Indian puppet theatre and its cultural impact.
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Autorzy i Afiliacje

Daria Dulok
1
  1. Freelancer
16 Wanted: Authentic Employees
Joanna Żukowska
ACADEMIA. The magazine of the Polish Academy of Sciences | 2023 | No 4 (80) Authenticity | 56-58
Słowa kluczowe: employees employers
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Abstrakt

People increasingly project idealized images of themselves in today’s world – those who manage to remain authentic make for highly sought-after employees.
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Autorzy i Afiliacje

Joanna Żukowska
1
  1. Institue of EnterpriseWarsaw School of Economics (SGH)
17 Preserved Stories
Anita Chodkowska , Teresa Urszula Szmigielska , Sylwia Fabisiak-Chojnacka
ACADEMIA. The magazine of the Polish Academy of Sciences | 2023 | No 4 (80) Authenticity | 59-63 | DOI: 10.24425/academiaPAS.2023.147638
Słowa kluczowe: archives collections memoirs diaries
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Abstrakt

The PAS Archives in Warsaw hold numerous diaries, journals, and memoirs, standing as testaments to the power of personal narratives in history. They offer unique insights into historical events as experienced by individuals, supplementing official documents.
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Autorzy i Afiliacje

Anita Chodkowska
1
Teresa Urszula Szmigielska
1
Sylwia Fabisiak-Chojnacka
1
  1. PAS Archives in Warsaw
18 Vanilla and Other Wonders of Nature
Dariusz L. Szlachetko
ACADEMIA. The magazine of the Polish Academy of Sciences | 2023 | No 4 (80) Authenticity | 64-67 | DOI: 10.24425/academiaPAS.2023.147639
Słowa kluczowe: orchids Orchidaceae epiphytes
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Abstrakt

Orchids are masterpieces of evolutionary success and aesthetic splendor.
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Autorzy i Afiliacje

Dariusz L. Szlachetko
1
  1. Faculty of Biology, University of Gdańsk
19 Authenticity as a Task
Katarzyna Kasia
ACADEMIA. The magazine of the Polish Academy of Sciences | 2023 | No 4 (80) Authenticity | 68-69 | DOI: 10.24425/academiaPAS.2023.147640
Słowa kluczowe: philosophy
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Autorzy i Afiliacje

Katarzyna Kasia
1
  1. Department of Culture Theory, Faculty of Artistic Research and Curatorial Studies,Academy of Fine Arts in Warsaw
20 Raised From Ruins
Bożena Radzio
ACADEMIA. The magazine of the Polish Academy of Sciences | 2023 | No 4 (80) Authenticity | 70-75 | DOI: 10.24425/academiaPAS.2023.147641
Słowa kluczowe: Royal Castle in Warsaw museum reconstruction
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Abstrakt

The restored Royal Castle in Warsaw includes original decorative pieces that link it back to its illustrious past from before WWII
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Autorzy i Afiliacje

Bożena Radzio
1
  1. Royal Castle in Warsaw
21 Revolutionizing Education: CampusAI
Aureliusz Górski
ACADEMIA. The magazine of the Polish Academy of Sciences | 2023 | No 4 (80) Authenticity | 76-77 | DOI: 10.24425/academiaPAS.2023.147642
Słowa kluczowe: artificial intelligence chatbots education
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Abstrakt

Modern technologies are now allowing education to seamlessly transfer into the virtual realm, creating a user-friendly environment where students can acquire new skills.
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Autorzy i Afiliacje

Aureliusz Górski
1
  1. Founder & CEO of CampusAI in Warsaw
22 The Upcoming Museum of Natural History in Warsaw
Jarosław Stolarski
ACADEMIA. The magazine of the Polish Academy of Sciences | 2023 | No 4 (80) Authenticity | 78 | DOI: 10.24425/academiaPAS.2023.147643
Słowa kluczowe: natural history museum
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Autorzy i Afiliacje

Jarosław Stolarski
1
  1. PAS Instituteof Paleobiology

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