Nauki Biologiczne i Rolnicze

Journal of Water and Land Development

Zawartość

Journal of Water and Land Development | 2020 | No 44

Abstrakt

Reservoirs have a very important function in providing multi-sector water requirements. In the future, reservoirs not only serve to store and available water can also be used as disaster mitigation instruments. The completeness of hydrological measurements in reservoirs can be expanded more widely for climate change mitigation. The reliability of the reservoir capacity varies greatly depending on the El-Nino character that occurs among them El-Nino is weak, moderate, strong and very strong. The El-Nino characteristic is very influential on the period of water availability, the increase of evaporation capacity and decrease of reservoir capacity. Analysis of the reliability of the reservoir volume due to El-Nino using the Weibull equation. The deficit reservoir was calculated using the concept of water balance in the reservoir that is the relationship between inflow, outflow, and change of storage at the same time. Based on the results of the analysis showed that the evaporation increase and the decrease of reservoir capacity had a different pattern that is when the evaporation capacity started to increase at the same time the reservoir capacity decreased significantly. The correlation coefficient between evaporation capacity increase and decrease of reservoir water capacity are consecutively –0.828, –0.636, and –0.777 for El- Nino weak, moderate and very strong respectively. At the reservoir capacity reliability of 50% reservoir has a significant deficit. When weak El-Nino the deficit is 2.30∙106 m3, moderate: 6.58∙106 m3, and very strong 8.85∙106 m3.

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Autorzy i Afiliacje

Ussy Andawayanti
I Wayan Yasa
ORCID: ORCID
Mohammad Bisri
Mochamad Sholichin
Sulianto
ORCID: ORCID

Abstrakt

Modern technologies make it possible to obtain a lot of diverse information about the soil properties using satellite images, but field studies are also required to create or refine digital soil maps. To create a digital soil map scaled 1:25 000 in 2016, a classical field study was conducted with the laying of soil sections in places with the same coordinates as in the mapping of 1982. It allowed to carry out retrospective monitoring of transformation of morphogenetic and agrochemical properties of soils of the southern forest-steppe of the Republic of Bashkortostan (Russia) for the 34-year period of farm use. Thus, the correction and digitization of the soil map allowed to establish that arable land occupies 69.792 ha (67.9%) in the structure of agricultural land (102 811 ha). The monitoring showed deterioration of the main characteristics of arable soil fertility: the diminishing of humus-accumulative horizons, significant decrease of humus content (p ≤ 0.05), a small but reliable acidification of the medium reaction and reducing labile phosphorus. Losses of organic matter occurred mainly in the most fertile soils; their proportion decreased from 55.9% of the total area of agricultural land to 12.4%.

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Autorzy i Afiliacje

Ilgiz Asylbaev
ORCID: ORCID
Ilgiz Khabirov
Ayrat Khasanov
ORCID: ORCID
Ilysja Gabbasova
Timur Garipov
ORCID: ORCID

Abstrakt

The unique oasis of Zousfana, on the western edge of the Grand Erg Occidental, Taghit is the pearl of the oases of Saoura, a palm grove of 180 ha over an 18 km length crossed by Oued Zouzfana. It regroups the different types of landscapes of an arid zone (erg, hamada, barga – a small hill, oued ...). Taghit is known for its hydraulic civilization, the oasis in its hostile environment has survived thanks to the exploitation of rare groundwater irrigation according to the traditional customs applied to the whole of society. The peasants spur out the water resources through foggaras and traditional wells. But the intervention of modern irrigation techniques in an anarchic way has disrupted the fragile mode of irrigation and the abandonment of the palm grove. The over-exploitation of groundwater by the use of boreholes and motor pumps leads to the drying up of water sources, mists and traditional wells. Today, only 45 000 palm trees are productive and less than 1500 fruit trees. There are 500 fellahs in the entire agricultural area of Taghit, the majority of them is fleeing work in the oasis because of the lack of income from it. When comparing the results of analyses from different campaigns (2015 and 2008), a spectacular increase in the salt concentrations in the groundwater of the different palm groves is noticed. According to our investigations, the main causes of this jump are: the overexploitation of the water tables by motor pumps, the abandonment of land inside the palm grove, the lack of maintenance of the gardens, the exploitation of domestic wastewater in the irrigation. According to this preliminary study, it is important for the State to make farmers aware of the role of their traditional irrigation systems in the continuity of the oasis and life in it.

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Autorzy i Afiliacje

Elhadj Belhadj Elmehdi
Boualem Remini
Cherif Rezzoug
Saaed Hamoudi

Abstrakt

The present study tries to quantify soil losses using Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and analytic hierarchy pro-cess (AHP) in the Medjerda watershed (Algerian-Tunisian border). The Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) method is used in the quantification of erosion qualitative characteristics, through its weighting. It is used for many problems requiring decision-making. This catchment area is characterized by moderately consistent lithology, irregular rainfall, medium slope and low vegetation cover, which makes it very sensitive to erosion. Therefore we claim to develop a spatialization map of vulnerable areas, based on analytic hierarchy process and GIS that define the combination of specific factors. The integration of the thematic maps of the various factors makes it possible to identify the impact of each factor in the erosion, to classify the sensitive zones, and to quantify the soil losses in the basin. This mapping will be an important tool for land use planning and risk management. From the distribution map of erosive hazards, we have identified four classes of vulnerabil-ity, areas with very high to high vulnerability are mainly in the northern part of the watershed (where the relief is very important).

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Autorzy i Afiliacje

Moufida Belloula
Hadda Dridi
Mehdi Kalla

Abstrakt

Scarcity of fresh water resources is the major constraint for agricultural development in Iran as in many other regions with arid and semi-arid climate. With the pressure on fresh water resources, the use of un-conventional water resources including brackish, saline and sewage water has received greater attentions in recent years. The objective of this study was to assess the impact of farmers' practices using saline groundwater on wheat yield and soil salinity in a Mediterranean cli-mate of Fars province in southern Iran. The study was carried out in several commercial wheat production regions for two years. Chemical analysis of irrigation waters, volume of applied irrigation water, electrical conductivity of soil saturation extract (ECe) and yield were measured in each field. General information on agronomic practices was also collected using a questionnaire. Results demonstrate that waters with salinities higher than what has been classified as “suitable for irriga-tion” are being used for the production of wheat crop. Analysis of wheat yield response to saline irrigation water showed that for water salinities up to 10.7 mS∙cm–1 (threshold value) variation in yield was relatively minor, above which wheat yield decreased at a greater rate. Root zone salinity profiles showed the effect of winter rainfall in reducing soil salinity. It is concluded that although acceptable yields are obtained with some of the highly brackish waters, over application of these waters would threaten the sustainability of crop production in the region.

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Autorzy i Afiliacje

Seyed A.M. Cheraghi

Abstrakt

For the last few decades there have been reports not only of the occurrence of new invasive species of European water-courses, but also their increasing expansion. One of such species is the Amur sleeper (Perccottus glenii). The present work contains assessment of age and length distribution, condition as well as growth rate and analysis of the parasite fauna of theAmur sleeper from the waters of the Vistula River tributary in its middle course (the Habdziński Canal). During the catch performed in 2017 and 2019, the total of 177 Amur sleepers were recorded in the studied watercourse and a statistically significant sex structure disproportion was observed. Among the specimens caught in 2017 dominant were fishes with lengths of 50.1–60.1 mm whereas in 2019 the majority of the Amur sleeper specimens measured 30.1–50.0 mm.Six age groups were recorded among the caught fish with a clear prevalence of specimens aged 1+ (70.06%). The most frequently recorded parasite of P. glenii was non-quantifiable Trichodina rostrata ciliate for which the Amur sleeper from the Polish waters appeared to be a new host. Moreover, the presence of an acanthocephalan Acanthocephalus lucii, not recorded in Poland in this host before, was observed in the chyme. Also, accidental presence of larvae of the Opisthioglyphe ranae tre-madote, which is a parasite typical of amphibians, was also recorded. Despite unfavourable habitat conditions and in-creased volumes of biogenic substances in the waters of the Habdziński Canal, the Amur sleeper found convenient condi-tions to reside in this small watercourse.

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Autorzy i Afiliacje

Przemysław Czerniejewski
ORCID: ORCID
Angelika Linowska
Adam Brysiewicz
ORCID: ORCID
Natalia Kasowska

Abstrakt

This study presents the hydrochemical composition of groundwater under long-term irrigation of Wonji plain (Ethiopia) and its quality status for drinking purpose. Groundwater samples were collected from 30 groundwater monitoring tube wells installed at different parts of the sugarcane plantation and then analysed for the major physico-chemical quality parameters (pH, EC, major cations and anions) following standard test procedures. The status of groundwater for drinking was compared with WHO and other quality standards. Analytical analysis results indicated that majority of the considered quality parameters are rated above the prescribed tolerable limits for drinking set by WHO. About 97% of the water sample has water quality index in the range of very poor to unfit for drinking. The contamination index is in the ranges of low (–1.0) to high (3.6). In general, the groundwater of the area is unsuitable for human consumption without proper treatment such as boiling, chlorination, filtering, distillation, desalinaization, defluoridation, deionization, demineralization (ionexchange) and membrane processes. Since the TDS concentration is relatively small (<2000 ppm), demineralization process alone can be sufficient to bring the water to an acceptable level.

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Autorzy i Afiliacje

Megersa O. Dinka
ORCID: ORCID

Abstrakt

In this paper, finite element modelling is employed for simulating and analysing seepage and slope stability of earthfill dam via GeoStudio software. Two products are employed, which are SLOPE/W for slope stability and SEEP/W for seepage analysis. The behaviour of earthfill dam with four different types of sandy soils having different values of hydraulic conductivity (K) has been studied. Different upstream (US) slopes of 1:2, 1:2.5, 1:3 and 1:3.5 for the earthfill dam are simulated. The downstream (DS) slope is constant at 1:2. The results showed for all the four types of soils that when the US slope is increased, the amount of seepage from the dam increases and the factor of safety (F) decreases. For each US slope, when K (type of soil) increases, both seepage and F increase. Fine sand soil is associated with less seepage and less F. Sixteen equations are obtained to predict both seepage and F with respect to US slope for each type of soil and K of the soil for US slope. An experimental model for earthfill dam is constructed in the laboratory of hydraulics, Benha University to investigate the seepage of water through earthfill dams. It is concluded that seepage decreased when K decreased, and when the US slope for each type of soil decreased. The seepage increased when K increased for each US slope. Seven equations are obtained to predict seepage with respect to US slope for each type of soil, and K for each US slope.

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Autorzy i Afiliacje

Alaa N. El-Hazek
Neveen B. Abdel-Mageed
Mohammed H. Hadid

Abstrakt

The results of a research into the scale and consequences of the degradation of aquatic ecosystems in Ukrainian Polesie have been detected in article, and the areas of increased anthropogenic pressure have been identified which greatly affect the condition and number of aquatic macrophytes. The biodiversity of sites with different anthropogenic load was evaluated using the biodiversity criteria. In the research, the structural and functional features of macrophytic species diversity within Teteriv River ecological corridor as a typical river landscape of Ukrainian Polesie were determined and described, the floristic composition was determined. Within the ecological zones, the number of species and their projective coverage in areas with different anthropogenic pressures within Teteriv River ecological corridor were determined. The basic criteria for the implementation of deferred biomonitoring based on the analysis of the dynamics of the spe-cies composition of the phytocoenoses of Teteriv River ecological corridor on the indicators of ecological stability and plasticity using the species-specific criteria, are: Margalef species richness index, Sørensen–Dice index, Shannon diversity index, Simpson’s index, and Pielou’s evenness index. Based on the results, correlation dependencies have been constructed, which will allow to obtain data on the stability of the development of aquatic ecosystems according to the data of species surveys. Interconnections between biodiversity indicators and indicators of surface water quality within the Ukrainian Polesie were found; they are the fundamental component of a long-term monitoring of the stability in the development of aquatic phytocenoses.

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Autorzy i Afiliacje

Tetiana P. Fedonyuk
Roman H. Fedoniuk
Anastasiia A. Zymaroieva
Viktor M. Pazych
Ella O. Aristarkhova
ORCID: ORCID

Abstrakt

A failure analysis of Babar dam on the El Arab River was performed to highlight the impact of flood wave and velocities on the four villages downstream of the dam; Hella, Khérenne, Chebla and El Oueldja. The simulation of wave propagation along the El Arab River under several scenarios was performed by the hydraulic HEC-RAS model. This model is dedicated to the description of floods at the dam following a breach in the dike. The main factors considered in this simulation include the level of flood water, the flood hydrograph, and the typical scenario for this breach. The flood risk analysis revealed that the maximum of flood wave flow registered at the breach is (Qmax = 9253.02 m3∙s–1), and is beginning to mitigate downstream of the dam along the El Arab River where it reached at the last village with a low flow (Q = 1110.64 m3∙s–1). This simulation allowed drawing the risk map which showed the areas threatened by flood wave resulting from a total failure of the work, and consequently required a plan of security measures to moderate as much as possible the consequences of floods. A sensitivity analysis was conducted to approach the parameters of impact of the breach on the dam failure scenario. It was confirmed that these parameters as formulation time, breach width and side slope have a great influence on the dam failure scenario with the four adjustments (±20 and ±50).

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Autorzy i Afiliacje

Aissam Gaagai
ORCID: ORCID
Abderrahmane Boudoukha
ORCID: ORCID
Lahcen Benaabidate
ORCID: ORCID

Abstrakt

The aim of the study was to analyse the state of flood-prone areas development in 10 towns on the Warta River in the Wielkopolska region in terms of the possibility of adapting existing and planned buildings to flood risks. A significant percentage of the areas exposed to floods was the basic criterion for selecting three towns for the second stage of the research. The analysis of the content of 22 local spatial development plans (LSDP) in three selected towns has revealed that the plans for special flood hazard areas (SFH) and embanked areas lack precise requirements for flood adaptation. The research proved that small riverside towns in Wielkopolska region insufficiently use planning tools to create appealing and resilient waterfronts and reduce their vulnerability. New buildings not adapted to changing water levels are still being built in the flood-prone areas, because LSPD plans do not impose such requirements. The authors proposed the graphical analysis method (based on overlay maps), which allows to indicate the areas requiring special flood-adaptation guidelines. The building and site recommendations in LSDP should refer to BFE level and may include various types of amphibious architecture and their location conditions, which has been identified in the study.

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Autorzy i Afiliacje

Anna B. Januchta-Szostak
Agata Karaśkiewicz

Abstrakt

This study is aimed at evaluating the applicability of Artificial Neural Network (ANN) model technique for river discharge forecasting. Feed-forward multilayer perceptron neural network trained with back-propagation algorithm was employed for model development. Hydro-meteorological data for the Imo River watershed, that was collected from the Anambra-Imo River Basin Development Authority, Owerri – Imo State, South-East, Nigeria, was used to train, validate and test the model. Coefficients of determination results are 0.91, 0.91 and 0.93 for training, validation and testing periodsrespectively. River discharge forecasts were fitted against actual discharge data for one to five lead days. Model results gave R2 values of 0.95, 0.95, 0.92, 0.96 and 0.94 for first, second, third, fourth, and fifth lead days of forecasts, respectively. It was generally observed that the R2 values decreased with increase in lead days for the model. Generally, this tech-nique proved to be effective in river discharge modelling for flood forecasting for shorter lead-day times, especially in areas with limited data sets.

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Autorzy i Afiliacje

Arinze A. Obasi
Kingsley N. Ogbu
Louis C. Orakwe
Isiguzo E. Ahaneku

Abstrakt

The ground source of drinking water for the village of Skalice nad Svitavou is located 35 km North of Brno (Czech Republic). An evaluation of developments in selected indicators of water quality in this groundwater source in the period 2013–2017 was the essence of this work. The data was provided by Vodárenská akciová společnost, a.s., i.e. the operator. At the same time, annual monitoring of water quality in the Úmoří stream, which flows through the catchment area and can affect the quality of groundwater, was carried out. Water samples were collected in 2017–2018 from 6 profiles on the Úmoří stream and its two tributaries. Raw water from the groundwater source does not meet the requirements for drinking water in some indicators and needs to be treated. Monitoring of surface water shows that the most problematic indicator is total phosphorus, the concentration of which exceeded limit values on all sampling profiles. The highest values were found in the tributaries, where total phosphorus concentrations exceeded 10 mg∙dm–3. There are 12 municipalities in the area of interest, only two of which have their own sewage treatment plant. It is clear from the results that wastewater in some municipalities is discharged directly into the recipient and is the cause of above-limit concentrations of both phosphorus and nitrogen. Intensively used agricultural land is another major source of pollution. Based on an analysis of sources of pollution, corrective measures have been proposed to improve the quality of surface and groundwater in the area.

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Autorzy i Afiliacje

Petra Oppeltová
Jana Boráková

Abstrakt

Since the beginning of the 21st century floating buildings have been growing in popularity in Poland. According to market research and quantitative studies, the majority of operative Polish floating buildings serve for commercial purposes, such as short-term rentals, vacation houses and floating marinas. Simultaneously, despite the increasing demand, the development of floating buildings in Poland is limited by the inconsistent legislation, government policy and, most importantly, natural conditions of Polish inland waters. The most attractive sites for floating architecture are the semi-natural lakeshores and riverbanks. At the same time, low water levels and poor maintenance of many Polish basins require special architectural and engineering solutions. The article presents our experience with meeting the market’s demand for small cost-effective floating commercial buildings despite the local shortcomings of inland waters on the example of the floating apartment built in 2019 on the Roś Lake in Pisz, Poland. The presented building was intended as a water-based extension of the existing hotel on land. It was designed as a “modern barn” with all-glazed gable wall allowing for a spectacular view to the lake. With a 50 sqm footprint, the one-story house with a mezzanine has a small draft of 33 cm and meets the stability criteria defined for inland waters. The presented case study shows that integrating the naval architecture theory, Building Information Modeling simulation along with cutting-edge construction techniques such as Scottsdale Construction System (SCS) and polyurethane spray insulation, can bring significant progress into the development of the floating buildings market in Poland.

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Autorzy i Afiliacje

Karolina Ostrowska-Wawryniuk
Łukasz Piątek

Abstrakt

The paper presents the problem of the growing water deficit and the possibility of sustainable development of water resources in rural areas of Central and Eastern Europe (using the example of Poland). It is estimated that the amount of resources in this region is reduced by about 70% compared to the average for Europe. In drought periods it comes to limitation of economic activity, including agriculture. Particular attention was paid to the necessity to extend landscape, underground, and snow retention, as an alternative to dams, which are currently the most popular in lower-order catchments. It has been shown that the construction of small agricultural reservoirs is not always preceded by adequate consultations and pre-design studies, which may result in financial losses and legal problems. Simultaneous use of many alternative forms of retention should be more effective than the implementation of reservoirs. In addition, increasing the hydraulic roughness of the catchments slows down the outflow of products of erosion and contributes to the protection of surface retention structures (maintaining natural and economic usefulness of reservoirs).

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Autorzy i Afiliacje

Magdalena Patro
Tomasz Zubala

Abstrakt

Small earth dams are most valuable in arid and semi-arid areas where they are used for both domestic and agricultural purposes. These dams however, continue to fail. The causes of such failures are interconnected in the sense that one can trigger the other. Most research into earth dams nevertheless, uses reductionist approaches. Such approaches do not consider the complex interactions between these modes and/or causes. This research used fuzzy cognitive mapping to identify the prominent modes and causes of small earth dam failure in Swaziland and to capture their interactions. A sample of seven earth dam construction experts was purposively selected from five institutions for individual interviews. An individual map was developed from each interview. An aggregated map was thereafter developed by combining seven individual maps. The results indicated that overtopping, piping and sliding were the common modes of earth dam failure. Overtopping was mainly due to siltation whilst animal barrows and tree roots were largely responsible for piping. Sliding was mostly associated construction defects and sudden drawdown. It was concluded that most of the failures were linked to poor management of catchments and that of the dams. It is recommended that future designs and management should increase the level of community participation in order to limit some of the causes associated with land use practices.

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Autorzy i Afiliacje

Mduduzi I. Shongwe
Thabo Maseko
Bruce R.T. Vilane

Abstrakt

Hydrobionts are considered as highly potential source for bioproduction (including energy carriers and fertilizers) and many biotechnological processes that include hydrobionts, particularly their biomass as a substrate are used in different fields of energy, cosmetology, medicine, pharmaceutics, aquaculture, agriculture, forestry etc. Latest developments prove efficiency in applying anaerobic digestion for purifying wastewaters from organic pollutants with the help of macrophytes and microphytes in conducting biomethanogenesis. Many studies have established that it is possible to reach high level of lipid extraction from algae (to 95%) with the help of organic solvents (methanol, acetone, hexane, diethyl ether etc). Blue – green algae biomass has been scientifically proved to be a good source for methane, methanol, ethanol, propanol, isopropanol, biodiesel and other biofuel types production. Macroalgae and microalgae contain β- carotene, biotin, folic acid, fucoidans, lectins, phenolics, sulphated polysaccharides and other derived biologically active compounds that can be used in producing vitamins, have anti-ulcer, antioxidant, antibiotic, antifouling, immune modulatory and other properties. Cyanidioschyzon merolae, Ostreococcus lucimarinus, O. tauri, Micromonas pusilla have shown high potential for hydrogen production while Rhizoclonium sp. has been experimentally used as a bounding material in briquetting miscanthus granules, resulting in 20 % higher dynamic strength. The article is a literature review and the purpose of this work is to classify and systemize hydrobionts, reveal regularity of their growth, conduct critical analysis on existing biotechnologies on using separate representatives of aquatic biomes as a raw material and also to review ways of intensification for these biotechnologies.

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Autorzy i Afiliacje

Christina Soloviy
ORCID: ORCID
Myroslav Malovanyy
ORCID: ORCID
Volodymyr Nykyforov
Serhiy Dihtyar

Abstrakt

The historic municipal park located in Zduńska Wola is covered in the central and northern part by conservator protection through an entry in the register of monuments and on the basis of an entry in the local spatial development plan. In terms of nature, the area has significant values due to old trees and the water system, which consists of two ponds fed by the Pichna River. As part of the preparatory work for the revalorization of the park, several studies and analyses were carried out, including assessment of the sanitary state of waters of Pichna River that supplies reservoirs. Degree of the river pollution made it impossible to restore the water system, the most important element of the park, while further supplying the ponds with river water. In order to ensure a satisfactory degree of purity and transparency of water in ponds, a decision was made to apply complex and modern technological solutions enabling the renovation of the water system. Project documentation was developed in 2015. After two years, they began to implement the project. Banks of both ponds were formed more gently, and the basins were deepened. Selection of vegetation around the reservoir and in the reservoir itself was based on the principle of biocenotic assumptions. The designed system is equipped with a circulation pump, skimmers, bottom drains, mechanical-mineral filter, swamp filter. This was to ensure adequate purification of water in ponds, based on natural processes, stimulated by the use of new, pro-ecological technologies.

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Autorzy i Afiliacje

Ewelina Widelska
Wojciech Walczak

Abstrakt

The paper aims to answer the following questions: What are the trends in streetscape design? And how can streetscape become more resilient to climate change in the coming years? Although the research questions of exploratory nature also challenge theoretical claims, this is a hypothetical study, designed to foster a discussion about the visions of the future streetscape and new technology for an urban sidewalk. It covers a description and a cross-case comparison of an experimental product – the Climate Tile, implemented in Denmark in 2018, and a theoretical solution – the Sponge Pavement – a model system based on the structural soil foundation and permeable surface, evolved as an idea in 2018 in Poland. The cases are examples of innovations selected to describe a new type of water-permeable surfaces matching the urban context. Both solutions share common features: they are in that there is no need to place heavy equipment on the project site; they match the urban context of a dense city, being smooth, resistant and easy to clean. The comparison of the Climate Tile and the Sponge Pavement allowed determining the optimal application for the given solution. It also proved the trend towards the rainwater management-oriented direction of the development of the streetscape of the future. The study results could contribute to the discussion of the streetscape of the future. We would like to focus on the idea of the Sponge Pavement for further development in laboratory tests and as the pilot project.

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Autorzy i Afiliacje

Magdalena Wojnowska-Heciak
Jakub Heciak
Adam Kłak
ORCID: ORCID

Abstrakt

The aim of the study was to evaluate the tourism and recreational space of Lubaczowski County in Poland. The evaluation was carried out by using a multidimensional comparative analysis while taking into account tourism assets, transportation accessibility, natural environmental protection, the level of tourism infrastructure development as well as the factors contributing to an opportunity for the development of tourism via investment attractiveness (the level of infrastructure development, population relations, or the financial situation of the communes). Moreover, a questionnaire survey was carried out among the inhabitants with the aim of learning of their opinions on tourism assets and tourism infrastructure development in the commune. The study is supplemented by a comparison of the analysis results with the results of a questionnaire survey conducted among the Lubaczowski County inhabitants, which concerned the county’s attractiveness to tourists. Based on the evaluation and the questionnaire survey results, it was found that urban communes of Lubaczów and Horyniec-Zdrój had the best conditions for tourism development. These communes took the first (0.701) and the second (0.492) position in the ranking, respectively. Both communes are characterised by well-developed accommodation and catering facilities, a wealth of natural assets, and good transportation accessibility. For the better development of tourism in the county, it is necessary to take appropriate measures aimed at eliminating limitations and highlighting the strengths. To this end, it will be necessary to incorporate measures aimed at enhancing the quality of tourism infrastructure development and establishing a marketing plan that will allow tourists to learn about the tourism assets of the commune into the strategy for commune development.

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Autorzy i Afiliacje

Agnieszka Ziernicka-Wojtaszek
ORCID: ORCID
Marta Lisiak

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Author should disclose all sources of financing of his/her study, the input of scientific institutions, associations and other subjects and all important conflicts of interests that might affect results and interpretation of the study.


Standards in reporting

Authors of papers based on original studies should present precise description of performed work and objective discussion on its importance. Source data should be accurately presented in the paper. The paper should contain detailed information and references that would enable others to use it. False or intentionally not true declarations are not ethical and are not accepted by the editors.


Access to and storage of data
Authors may be asked for providing raw data used in the paper for editorial assessment and should be prepared to store them within the reasonable time period after publication.


Multiple, unnecessary and competitive publications
As a rule, author should not publish papers describing the same studies in more than one journal or primary publication. Submission of the same paper to more than one journal at the same time is not ethical and prohibited.


Confirmation of sources
Author should cite papers that affected the creation of submitted manuscript and every time he/she should confirm the use of other authors’ work.


Important errors in published papers
When author finds an important error or inaccuracy in his/her paper, he/she is obliged to inform Editorial Office about this as soon as possible.


Originality and plagiarism
Author may submit only original papers. He/she should be certain that the names of authors referred to in the paper and/or fragments of their texts are properly cited or mentioned.


Ghostwriting
Ghost writing/guest authorship are manifestation of scientific unreliability and all such cases will be revealed including notification of appropriate subjects. Signs of scientific unreliability, especially violation of ethical principles in science will be documented by the Editorial Office.


Duties of the Editorial Office


Editors’ duties
Editors know the rules of journal editing including the procedures applied in case of uncovering non-ethical practices.


Decisions on publication
Editor-in Chief is obliged to apply present legal status as to defamation, violation of author’s rights and plagiarism and bears the responsibility for decisions. He/she may consult thematic editors and/or referees in that matter.
Selection of referees Editorial Office provides appropriate selection of referees and takes care about appropriate course of peer –reviewing (the review has to be substantive).


Confidentiality
Every member of editorial team is not allowed to disclose information about submitted paper to any person except its author, referees, other advisors and editors.


Discrimination
To counteract discrimination the Editorial Office obeys the legally binding rules.


Disclosure and conflict of interests
Not published papers or their fragments cannot be used in the studies of editorial team or referees without written consent of the author.


Referees' duties

Editorial decisions

Referee supports Editor-in-Chief in taking editorial decisions and may also support author in improving the paper.


Back information
In case a selected referee is not able to review the paper or cannot do it in due time period, he/she should inform secretary of the Editorial Office about this fact.


Objectivity standards
Reviews should be objective. Personal criticism is inappropriate. Referees should clearly ex-press their opinions and support them with proper arguments.


Confidentiality
All reviewed papers should be dealt with as confidential. They should not be discussed or revealed to persons other than the secretary of the Editorial Office.


Anonymity
All reviews should be made anonymously and the Editorial Office does not disclose names of the authors to referees.


Disclosure and conflict of interests
Confidential information or ideas resulting from reviewing procedure should be kept secret and should not be used to gain personal benefits. Referees should not review papers, which might generate conflict of interests resulting from relationships with the author, firm or institution involved in the study.


Confirmation of sources
Referees should indicate publications which are not referred to in the paper. Any statement that the observation, source or argument was described previously should be supported by appropriate citation. Referee should also inform the secretary of the Editorial Office about significant similarity to or partial overlapping of the reviewed paper with any other published paper and about suspected plagiarism.


Corrections, retractions and updates after publication


Sometimes after an article has been published it may be necessary to make a change. This will be done after careful consideration by Editors to ensure any necessary changes are made in accordance with guidance from the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE):
https://publicationethics.org/postpublication


Retraction is executed in accordance with the procedure presented by the European Association of Science Editors (EASE): https://ease.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/EASE-Standard-Retraction-Form-2022.pdf


Complaints and appeals


A complaint may arise over the conduct of editors and/or peer reviewers. Some possible reasons for complaints are:
- intentional delay of reviewing process,
- undisclosed conflicts of interest,
- breach of confidentiality,
- misuse of confidential information,
- practical issues, such as unresponsive journal staff.


An appeal is a formal request to reconsider a decision taken by the journal. It might be related to decisions in regular journal operation (e.g. a manuscript being rejected) or to a verdict taken by a team investigating a particular situation (e.g. a published manuscript being retracted due to suspected data manipulation).


The authors submit a formal complaint/appeal to the journal principal contact by email or post ( journal@itp.edu.pl). Within a week, the journal will form an investigation group consisting of at least three Editorial Team members (not previously involved in handling the manuscript in question) and report back their names and how they can be contacted.


The actual investigation time may vary depending on the complexity of the case. The investigation team provides fair opportunities to all parties involved to explain their motives and actions. The purpose of the investigation is to establish whether misconduct took place (as reported or in the light of new circumstances discovered), whether it was performed deliberately or as a genuine mistake, and to estimate the scale of its negative consequences.


Based on the facts collected, the investigation team decides on the corrective actions to be taken as well as whether some penalty is to be applied to the person who performed the misconduct. Depending on the misconduct severity, the penalty may range from a reprimand to an expulsion from the reviewer pool/editorial board and a report being sent to the institution to which the person in question is affiliated.


The authors are informed about the investigation outcome upon its completion.


In its work, the investigation group relies on the recommendations and guidelines provided by Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE): https://publicationethics.org/appeals


In complex cases, an external ethical advisor might be called for.


Guidance from COPE ( https://publicationethics.org/ ):

Ethical guidelines for peer reviewers (English)
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24318/cope.2019.1.9


Sharing of information among editors-in-chief regarding possible misconduct
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24318/cope.2019.1.7


How to handle authorship disputes: a guide for new researchers
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24318/cope.2018.1.1


Text recycling guidelines for editors
URL: http://publicationethics.org/text-recycling-guidelines


A short guide to ethical editing for new editors
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24318/cope.2019.1.8

Guidelines for managing the relationships between society owned journals, their society, and publishers
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24318/cope.2018.1.2


Retraction guidelines
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24318/cope.2019.1.4

Procedura recenzowania

Reviewing procedure

Procedure of reviewing submitted papers agrees with recommendations of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education published in a booklet: „Dobre praktyki w procedurach recenzyjnych w nauce”.

Reviewing form may be downloaded from the Journal’s web page.

1. Papers submitted to the Editorial Office are primarily verified by editors with respect to merit and formal issues. Texts with obvious errors (formatting other than requested, missing references, evidently low scientific quality) will be rejected at this stage.

2. Primarily accepted papers are sent to the two independent referees from outside the author’s institution, who:

- have no conflict of interests with the author,
- are not in professional relationships with the author,
- are competent in a given discipline and have at least doctor’s degree and respective scientific achievements,
- have unblemished reputation as reviewers.

3. In case of papers written in foreign language, at least one referee is affiliated in a foreign institution other than the author’s nationality.

4. Reviewing proceeds in the double blind process (authors and reviewers do not know each other’s names) recommended by the Ministry.

5. A number is attributed to the paper to identify it in further stages of editorial procedure.

6. Potential referee obtains summary of the text and it is his/her decision upon accepting/rejecting the paper for review within a given time period.

7. Referees are obliged to keep opinions about the paper confidential and to not use knowledge about it before publication.

8. Review must have a written form and end up with an explicit conclusion about accepting or rejecting the paper from publication. Referee has a possibility to conclude his/her opinion in a form:

- accept without revision;
- accept with minor revision;
- accept after major revision,
- re-submission and further reviewing after complete re-arrangement of the paper,
- reject.

9. Referee sends the review to the “Journal of Water and Land Development” by Editorial System. The review is archived there for 5 years.

10. Editors do not accept reviews, which do not conform to merit and formal rules of scientific reviewing like short positive or negative remarks not supported by a close scrutiny or definitely critical reviews with positive final conclusion and vice versa. Referee’s remarks are presented to the author. Rational and motivated conclusions are obligatory for the author. He/she has to consider all remarks and revise the text accordingly. Referee has the right to verify so revised text.

11. Author of the text has the right to comment referee’s conclusions in case he/she does not agree with them.

12. Editor-in Chief (supported by members of the Editorial Board) decides upon publication based on remarks and conclusions presented by referees, author’s comments and the final version of the manuscript.

13. Rules of acceptation or rejection of the paper and the review form are available at the web page of the Editorial House or the journal.

14. Present list of cooperating reviewers is published once a year.

15. According to usual habit, reviewing is free of charge.

16. Papers rejected by referees are archived by Editorial System.

Download:
Review Sheet


Recenzenci

Journal of Water and Land Development List of reviewers 2023

  • Assoc. Prof. Salman Dawood Ammar University of Basrah, College of Engineering, Civil Engineering Department, Basrah, Iraq
  • Prof. Jacek Antonkiewicz University of Agriculture in Krakow, Department of Agricultural and Environmental Chemistry, Poland
  • Dr. Ozan Artun Cukurova University in Adana, Department of Architecture and Urban Planning, Turkey
  • Assoc. Prof. Habib-ur-Rehman Athar Bahauddin Zakariya University, Institute of Pure and Applied Biology, Multan, Pakistan
  • Prof. Meryem Atik Akdeniz University, Faculty of Architecture, Department of Landscape Architecture, Antalya,Turkey
  • Prof. Atilgan Atilgan Alanya Alaaddin Keykubat University, Antalya, Turkey
  • Prof. Doru Bănăduc Lucian Blaga University of Sibiu, Faculty of Sciences, Romania
  • Dr. José Miguel Barrios Royal Meteorological Institute of Belgium, Brussels, Belgium
  • Dr. Anna Baryła Warsaw University of Life Sciences – SGGW, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Poland
  • Prof. Arjan Beqiraj Polytechnic University of Tirana, Faculty of Geology and Mining, Earth Sciences Departament, Albania
  • Dr. Małgorzata Biniak-Pieróg Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Institute of Environmental Development and Protection, Poland
  • Prof. M. Bisri Bisri University Brawijaya, Indonesia
  • Assoc. Prof. Małgorzata Bonisławska West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Poland
  • Dr. Barbara Borawska-Jarmułowicz Warsaw University of Life Sciences – SGGW, Department of Agronomy, Poland
  • Dr. Łukasz Borek University of Agriculture in Krakow, Department of Land Reclamation and Environmental Development, Poland
  • Prof. Marian Brzozowski Warsaw University of Life Sciences – SGGW, Poland
  • Dr. Filip Bujakowski Warsaw University of Life Sciences – SGGW, Poland
  • Assoc. Prof. Irena Burzyńska Forest Research Institute, Laboratory of Natural Environment Chemistry, Sękocin Stary, Poland
  • Prof. Tzu-Chia Chen Krirk University, International College, Bangkok, Thailand
  • Master Grzegorz Chrobak Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Institute of Spatial Management, Department of Environmental Protection and Development, Poland
  • Dr. Wojciech Ciężkowski Warsaw University of Life Sciences – SGGW, Department of Remote Sensing and Environmental Assessment, Poland
  • Dr. Agnieszka Cupak University of Agriculture in Krakow, Faculty of Environmental Engineering and Land Surveying, Poland
  • Dr. Isa Curebal Balikesir University, Istanbul, Turkey
  • Dr. Wojciech Czekała Poznan University of Life Sciences, Poland
  • Assoc. Prof. Przemysław Czerniejewski Westpomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Department of Fisheries Management, Poland
  • Dr. Ewa Dacewicz University of Agriculture in Krakow, Faculty of Environmental Engineering and Land Surveying, Department of Sanitary Engineering and Water Management, Poland
  • Dr. Ralf Dannowski Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Land Use Research, Institute of Landscape Hydrology (retired since 2015), Müncheberg, Germany
  • Dr. Jarosław Dąbrowski Institute of Technology and Life Sciences – National Research Institute, Falenty, Poland
  • Assoc. Prof. Piotr Dąbrowski Warsaw University of Life Sciences – SGGW, Department of Environmental Management, Poland
  • Prof. Piotr Dąbrowski Institute of Environmental Engineering, Warsaw University of Life Sciences – SGGW, Warsaw, Poland
  • Dr. Agnieszka Dąbska Warsaw University of Technology, Faculty of Building Services, Hydro and Environmental Engineering, Poland
  • Dr. Oussama Derdous Kasdi Merbah University, Department of Civil and Hydraulic Engineering, Ouargla, Algeria
  • Prof. Sina Dobaradaran Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Systems Environmental Health and Energy Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr, Iran
  • Dr. Mariusz Dudziak Silesian University of Technology, Institute of Water and Wastewater Engineering, Poland
  • Dr. Helmut Durrast Prince of Songkla University, Thailand
  • Dr. Tomasz Dysarz Poznań University of Life Sciences, Department of Hydraulic and Sanitary Engineering, Poland
  • Prof. Nabil Elshery Tanta University, Faculty of Agriculture, Agriculture and Botany Department, Egypt
  • Prof. Evens Emmanuel Université Quisqueya, Haut Turgeau, Haiti
  • Prof. Andrzej Eymontt Institute of Technology and Life Sciences – National Research Institute, Falenty, Poland
  • Dr. Paweł Falaciński Warsaw University of Technology, Department of Hydro-Engineering and Hydraulics, Poland
  • Faculty of Building Services, Hydro- and Environmental Engineering, Poland
  • Prof. Ewa Falkowska Warsaw University, Faculty of Geology, Poland
  • Dr. Tomasz Falkowski Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Poland
  • Dr. Stanisław Famielec University of Agriculture in Krakow, Poland
  • Dr. Francesco Faraone Cooperativa Silene, Palermo, Italy
  • Assoc. Prof. Marcin Feltynowski University of Lodz, Institute of Urban and Regional Studies and Planning, Poland
  • Assoc. Prof. Romilda Fernandez Felisbino Federal University of São Paulo, Brazil
  • Assoc. Prof. Barbara Futa University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Faculty of Agrobioengineering, Institute of Soil Science, Environment Engineering and Management, Poland
  • Prof. John Galbraith Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, United States
  • Assoc. Prof. Marwan Ghanem Birzeit University, Department of Geography, Palestine
  • Dr. Andrzej Giza University of Szczecin, Institute of Marine and Environmental Sciences, Poland
  • Dr. Maciej Gliniak University of Agriculture in Krakow, Faculty of Production and Power Engineering, Department of Bioprocess Engineering, Power Engineering and Automation, Poland
  • Dr. Arkadiusz Głogowski Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Department of Environmental Protection and Development, Poland
  • Dr. Januarius Gobilik Universiti Malaysia Sabah (UMS), Faculty of Sustainable Agriculture, Kota Kinabalu, Malaysia
  • Prof. Renata Graf Adam Mickiewicz University, Department of Hydrology and Water Management, Institute of Physical Geography and Environmental, Poznań, Poland
  • Prof. Andrzej Greinert University of Zielona Gora, Institute of Environmental Engineering, Department of Geoengineering and Reclamation, Poland
  • Dr. Leon Grubišić Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, Laboratory for Aquaculture, Laboratory of Aquaculture, Split, Croatia
  • Dr. Łukasz Gruss Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Faculty of Environmental Engineering and Geodesy, Poland
  • Dr. Maciej Gruszczyński Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Institute of Environmental Engineering, Poland
  • Assoc. Prof. Antoni Grzywna University of Live Sciences in Lublin, Department of Environmental Engineering and Geodesy, Poland
  • Dr. Andrej Halabuk Institute of Landscape Ecology, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
  • Master Wiktor Halecki Polish Academy of Sciences, Institute of Nature Conservation PAS, Kraków, Poland
  • Assoc. Prof. Mateusz Hammerling Poznań University of Life Sciences, Department of Hydraulic and Sanitary Engineering, Poland
  • Dr. donny harisuseno University of Brawijaya, Indonesia
  • Dr. Sigid Hariyadi IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia
  • Prof. Salim Heddam 20 Août 1955 University, Agronomy Department, Hydraulic Division, Skikda, Algeria
  • Dr. Leszek Hejduk Warsaw University of Life Sciences – SGGW, Poland
  • Dr. Yevheniy Herasimov National University of Water and Environmental Engineering, Research Department, Rivne, Ukraine
  • Dr. Jakub Hołaj-Krzak Institute of Technology and Life Sciences – National Research Institute, Falenty, Poland
  • Dr. Tomasz Horaczek Institute of Technology and Life Sciences – National Research Institute, Falenty, Poland
  • Prof. Lyudmyla Hranovska Institute of Climate – Smart Agriculture of NAAS, Department of Irrigated Agriculture and Decarbonization Agroecosystems, Odesa, Ukraine
  • Dr. Věra Hubačíková Mendel University in Brno, Department of Applied and Landscape Ecology, Czech Republic
  • Prof. Piotr Hulisz Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Faculty of Earth Sciences, Department of Soil Science and Landscape Management, Poland
  • Assoc. Prof. Aniza Ibrahim Universiti Pertahanan Nasional Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
  • Master Svetlana Ilić Institute for Protection and Ecology of Republic of Srpska, Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina
  • Dr. Gabriela Ioana-Toroimac University of Bucharest, Faculty of Geography, Romania
  • Dr. Eva Ivanišová Ivanišová Slovac Agricultural University in Nitra, Department of Technology and Quality of Plant Products, Slovak Republic
  • Dr. Mateusz Jakubiak AGH University of Science and Technology, Department of Environmental Management and Protection, Kraków, Poland
  • Dr. Michał Jankowski Faculty of Earth Sciences and Spatial Management, Department of Soil Science and Landscape Management, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Poland
  • Assoc. Prof. Bartosz Jawecki Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Department of Landscape Architecture, Poland
  • Assoc. Prof. Raimundo Jiménez-Ballesta Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Department of Geology and Geochemistry, Spain
  • Prof. Krzysztof Jóżwiakowski University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Department of Environmental Engineering and Geodesy, Poland
  • Dr. Carmelo Juez Universidad de Zaragoza, Instituto Pirenaico de Ecología, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IPE-CSIC), Spain
  • Dr. Marta Jurga Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Department of Plant Protection, Poland
  • Prof. Edmund Kaca Warsaw University of Life Sciences – SGGW, Poland
  • Dr. Grzegorz Kaczor University of Agriculture in Krakow, Department of Sanitary Engineering and Water Management, Poland
  • Prof. Hazem M. Kalaji Warsaw University of Life Sciences – SGGW, Poland
  • Dr. Marek Kalenik Warsaw University of Life Sciences – SGGW, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Department of Hydraulics and Sanitary Engineering, Institute of Environmental Engineering, Poland
  • Assoc. Prof. Tomasz Kałuża Poznań University of Life Sciences, Department of Hydraulic and Sanitary Engineering, Poznań, Poland
  • Dr. Andrzej Kapusta Inland Fisheries Institute in Olsztyn, Department of Ichthyology, Hydrobiology and Aquatic Ecology, Poland
  • Prof. Vasyl Karabyn Lviv State University of Life Safety, Ukraine
  • Dr. Beata Karolinczak Warsaw University of Technology, Poland
  • Assoc. Prof. Robert Kasperek Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Institute of Environmental Engineering, Poland
  • Dr. Wiesława Kasperska-Wołowicz Institute of Technology and Life Sciences – National Research Institute, Falenty, Poland
  • Dr. Ewa Kaznowska Warsaw University of Life Sciences – SGGW, Poland
  • Prof. Nahed Khairy Agricultural Engineering Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Giza, Egypt
  • Dr. Eyad Khalaf Science & Technology Center of Excellence, Cairo, Egypt
  • Dr. Adam Kiczko Warsaw University of Life Sciences – SGGW, Poland
  • Prof. Sungwon Kim Dongyang University, Department of Railroad Construction and Safety Engineering, Korea (South)
  • Assoc. Prof. Tomasz Klaiber Poznań University of Life Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Horticulture and Bioengineering, Poland
  • Prof. Zbigniew Kledyński Warsaw University of Technology, Poland
  • Dr. Tomasz Kleiber Poznań University of Life Sciences, Department of Plant Nutrition, Poland
  • Dr. Kamila Klimek University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Department of Mathematical Statistics, Poland
  • Prof. Oleksandr Klimenko National University of Water and Environmental Engineering, Rivne, Ukraine
  • Dr. Anna Kocira Institute of Agricultural Sciences, The State School of Higher Education in Chełm, Poland
  • Prof. Marek Kopacz AGH University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Mining Surveying and Environmental Engineering, Poland
  • Assoc. Prof. Radovan Kopp Mendel University in Brno, Department of Zoology, Fisheries, Hydrobiology and Apiculture, Czech Republic
  • Dr. Tomasz Kotowski University of Agriculture in Krakow, Poland
  • Prof. Viktor Kovalchuk National University of Water and Environmental Engineering, Rivne, Ukraine
  • Prof. Pyotr Kovalenko Institute of Water Problems and Melioration of the National Academy of Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
  • Dr. Agnieszka Kowalczyk Institute of Technology and Life Sciences – National Research Institute, Falenty, Poland
  • Assoc. Prof. Tomasz Kowalczyk Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Poland
  • Dr. Anna Krakowiak-Bal University of Agriculture in Krakow, Poland
  • Prof. Leszek Książek University of Agriculture in Krakow, Poland
  • Prof. Maciej Kubon University of Agriculture in Krakow, Poland
  • Prof. Lech Kufel Siedlce University, Poland
  • Dr. Jerzy Kupiec Poznan University of Life Science, Poland
  • Dr. Karolina Kurek University of Agriculture in Krakow, Poland
  • Dr. Alban Kuriqi Universidade de Lisboa, Instituto Superior Técnico, Portugal
  • Dr. Renata Kuśmierek-Tomaszewska Bydgoszcz University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Department of Agrometeorology, Plant Irrigation and Horticulture, Poland
  • Dr. Stanisław Lach AGH University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Mining Surveying and Environmental Engineering, Department of Environmental Management and Protection, Poland
  • Prof. Lenka Lackóová Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Department of Landscape Planning and Ground Design, Slovak Republic
  • Prof. Zoubida Laghrari Moulay Ismaïl University, Meknes, Morocco
  • Dr. Fares Laouacheria Badji-Mokhtar Annaba University, Laboratory of Soils and Hydraulic, Annaba, Algeria
  • Prof. Krzysztof Lejcuś Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Poland
  • Assoc. Prof. Sławomir Ligęza University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Institute of Soil Science and Environment Shaping, Poland
  • Dr. Marta Lisiak-Zielińska Poznan University of Life Sciences, Poland
  • Dr. Mirko Liuzzo Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, Italy
  • Prof. Svjetlana Lolić University of Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina
  • Assoc. Prof. Ramin Lotfi Dryland Agricultural Research Institute, Maragheh, Iran
  • Assoc. Prof. Yufeng Luo Hohai University, College of Water Conservancy and Hydropower Engineering, Nanjing, China
  • Prof. Andrzej Łachacz University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, Department of Soil Science and Microbiology, Poland
  • Dr. Jamal Mabrouki Mohammed V University in Rabat, Faculty of Science, Morocco
  • Dr. Nenad Malić EFT – Rudnik i Termoelektrana Stanari d.o.o., Stanari, Bosnia and Herzegovina
  • Assoc. Prof. Mateusz Malinowski University of Agriculture in Krakow, Faculty of Production and Power Engineering, Poland
  • Dr. Paweł Marcinkowski Warsaw University of Life Sciences – SGGW, Poland
  • Dr. Michał Marzec University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Department of Environmental Engineering and Geodesy, Poland
  • Dr. Grażyna Mastalerczuk Warsaw University of Life Sciences – SGGW, Institute of Agriculture, Poland
  • Dr. Agnieszka Mąkosza West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Faculty of Environmental Management and Agriculture, Poland
  • Dr. Grzegorz Mikiciuk West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland
  • Prof. Sarah Milton Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, United States
  • Dr. Florentina Mincu National Institute of Hydrology and Water Management, Bucharest, Romania
  • Assoc. Prof. Dariusz Młyński University of Agriculture in Krakow, Poland
  • Dr. Ali Mokhtar Cairo University, Egypt
  • Master Mohamed Moustafa Agricultural Engineering Research Institute (AEnRI), Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Giza, Egypt
  • Assoc. Prof. Karol Mrozik Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poland
  • Prof. Lince Mukkun Nusa Cendana University, Faculty of Agriculture, Kupang, Indonesia
  • Dr. Gianina Necualu University of Bucharest, National Institute of Hydrology and Water Management, Romania
  • Dr. Yantus A.B. Neolaka Nusa Cendana University, Kupang, Indonesia
  • Dr. Arkadiusz Nędzarek West Pomeranian University of Technology, Department of Aquatic Sozology, Szczecin, Poland
  • Dr. Jadwiga Nidzgorska-Lencewicz West Pomeranian University of Technology, Work Group of Climatology and Atmospheric Protection, Szczecin, Poland
  • Assoc. Prof. Alicja Niewiadomska Poznań University of Life Sciences, Department of General and Environmental Microbiology, Poland
  • Prof. Ljiljana Nikolić Bujanović University Union Nikola Tesla, Belgrade, Serbia
  • Dr. Alessandra Nocilla Università degli Studi di Brescia, Italy
  • Prof. Vahid Nourani Tabriz University, Iran
  • Prof. Laftouhi Noureddine Université Cadi Ayyad, Marrakech, Morocco
  • Dr. Elida Novita University of Jember, Department of Agricultural Engineering, Indonesia
  • Dr. Sławomir Obidziński Bialystok University of Technology, Poland
  • Prof. Ryszard Oleszczuk Warsaw University of Life Sciences – SGGW, Poland
  • Prof. Beata Olszewska Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Poland
  • Assoc. Prof. Agnieszka Operacz University of Agriculture in Krakow, Faculty of Environmental Engineering and Land Surveying, Department of Sanitary Engineering and Water Management, Poland
  • Dr. Wojciech Orzepowski Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Poland
  • Dr. Andreas Pacholski Leuphana University of Luneburg, Institute of Ecology, Luneburg, Germany
  • Dr. Iwona Paśmionka University of Agriculture in Krakow, Department of Microbiology and Biomonitoring, Poland
  • Dr. Juan Patino-Martinez Maio Biodiversity Foundation (FMB), Cidade Porto Ingles, Cape Verde
  • Prof. Katarzyna Pawęska Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Poland
  • Dr. Dušica Pešević University of Banja Luka, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics Department of Ecology and Geography, Bosnia and Herzegovina
  • Assoc. Prof. Slaveya Petrova University of Plovdiv “Paisii Hilendarski”, Faculty of Biology, Department of Ecology and Ecosystem Conservation, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
  • Dr. Agnieszka Petryk Cracow University of Economics, Poland
  • Dr. Decho Phuekphum Suranaree University of Technology,School of Geotechnology, Institute of Engineering, Geological Engineering Program, Thailand
  • Dr. Katarzyna Pietrucha-Urbanik Rzeszow University of Technology, Poland
  • Prof. Dariusz Piwczyński Bydgoszcz University of Science and Technology, Department of Biotechnology and Animal Genetics, Poland
  • Prof. Karol Plesiński University of Agriculture in Krakow, Faculty of Environmental Engineering and Land Surveying, Poland
  • Prof. Joanna Podlasińska West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Poland
  • Prof. Cezary Podsiadło West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Department of Agriculture, Poland
  • Assoc. Prof. Zbigniew Popek Warsaw University of Life Sciences – SGGW, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Poland
  • Prof. Paweł Popielski Warsaw University of Technology, Poland
  • Prof. Tatjana Popov University of Banja Luka, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Bosnia and Herzegovina
  • Assoc. Prof. Dorota Porowska Warsaw University, Faculty of Geology, Institute of Hydrogeology and Engineering Geology, Poland
  • Dr. Anu Printsmann Tallinn University, Estonia
  • Dr. Grzegorz Przydatek State University of Applied Sciences in Nowy Sącz, Engineering Institute, Poland
  • Dr. Erik Querner Querner Consult, Wageningen, Netherlands
  • Dr. Anizar Rahayu Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia
  • Prof. Anabela Ramalho Durao Instituto Politecnico de Beja, Portugal
  • Assoc. Prof. Maimun Rizalihadi Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
  • Assoc. Prof. Joanna Rodziewicz University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Poland
  • Assoc. Prof. Roman Rolbiecki Bydgoszcz University of Science and Technology, Poland
  • Dr. Tomasz Rozbicki Warsaw University of Life Sciences – SGGW, Poland
  • Dr. Michał Rzeszewski Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland
  • Dr. Sadeq Salman Universiti Putra Malaysia, Seri Kembangan, Malaysia
  • Assoc. Prof. Abdel-Lateif Abdel-Wahab Samak Menoufia University, Faculty of Agriculture, Agricultural Engineering Department, Shebin El Kom, Egypt
  • Assoc. Prof. Saad Shauket Sammen Diyala University, Iraq
  • Dr. Seddiki Sara University of Science and Technology Oran – Mohamed Boudiaf, Algeria
  • Dr. Veronica Sarateanu Banat's University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine "King Michael I of Romania" from Timisoara, Agriculture Faculty, Romania
  • Dr. Biju Sayed Dhofar University, Salalah, Oman
  • Dr. Magdalena Senze University of Life Sciences in Wrocław, Department of Limnology and Fishery, Poland
  • Dr. Madina Serikova L. N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Astana, Kazakhstan
  • Dr. Tamara Shevchenko O.M. Beketov National University of Urban Economy in Kharkiv, Ukraine
  • Prof. Omar Shihab University of Anbar, Iraq
  • Dr. Kuo Shih-Yun Academia Sinica, Taipei City, Taiwan
  • Dr. Mehrdad Shokatian-Beiragh University of Tabriz, Iran
  • Assoc. Prof. Edyta Sierka University of Silesia in Katowice, Poland
  • Prof. Brbara Skowera University of Agriculture in Krakow, Department of Ecology, Climatology and Air Protection, Poland
  • Assoc. Prof. Monika Skowrońska University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Department of Agricultural and Environmental Chemistry, Poland
  • Prof. Joaquín Solana-Gutiérrez Joaquín Solana-Gutiérrez, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Spain
  • Dr. Jacek Sosnowski University of Siedlce, Poland
  • Prof. Tomasz Sosulski Warsaw University of Life Sciences – SGGW, Division of Agricultural And Environmental Chemistry, Institut of Agriculture, Poland
  • Assoc. Prof. Waldemar Spychalski Poznań University of Life Sciences, Faculty of Agronomy, Horticulture and Bioengineering, Poland
  • Prof. Ryszard Staniszewski Poznan University of Life Sciences, Department of Ecology and Environmental Protection, Poland
  • Prof. Ryszard Staniszewski Poznan University of Life of Science, Department of Ecology and Environmental Protection, Poland
  • Prof. Matthew Stocker University of Maryland, Department of Environmental Science and Technology, College Park, MD, United States
  • Prof. Ljiljana Stojanović Bjelić Pan-European University “APEIRON”, Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina
  • Master Sunčica Sukur University of Banja Luka, Department of Chemistry, Bosnia and Herzegovina
  • Prof. Wayan Suparta Menoreh University, Indonesia
  • Dr. Marta Sylla Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Institute of Spatial Management, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Poland
  • Prof. Barbara Symanowicz Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities, Poland
  • Assoc. Prof. Serhiy Syrotyuk Lviv National Agrarian University, Department of Energy, Ukraine
  • Prof. Szilard Szilard Szabo University of Debrecen, Department of Physical Geography and Geoinformation Systems, Hungary
  • Dr. Paulina Śliz Krakow University of Economics, Poland
  • Master Gabriella Tocchi University of Naples Federico II, Department of Structures for Engineering and Architecture, Italy
  • Prof. Serghiy Vambol Kharkiv National Technical University of Agriculture after P. Vasilenko, Ukraine
  • Dr. Irina Vaskina Sumy State University, Department of Applied Ecology, Ukraine
  • Dr. Luca Vecchioni University of Palermo, Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), Italy
  • Dr. Lorenzo Vergni Università di Perugia, Italy
  • Dr. Grzegorz Wałowski Institute of Technology and Life Sciences – National Research Institute, Falenty, Poland
  • Assoc. Prof. Wan Zakiah Wan Ismail Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Nilai, Malaysia
  • Prof. Qiao Wei China Agricultural University, College of Engineering, Beijing, China
  • Prof. Mirosław Wiatkowski Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Institute of Environmental Engineering, Poland
  • Dr. Magdalena Wijata Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Poland
  • Dr. Marta Wojewódka-Przybył Institute of Geological Sciences, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
  • Dr. Agnieszka Wolna-Maruwka Poznań Univeristy of Life Sciences, Department of General and Environmental Microbiology, Poland
  • Dr. Barbara Wróbel Institute of Technology and Life Sciences – National Research Institute, Falenty, Poland
  • Assoc. Prof. Bagyo Yanuwiadi Brawijaya University, Postgraduate Program of Environmental Science, Brawijaya University, Indonesia
  • Assoc. Prof. Ewelina Zając University of Agriculture in Krakow, Department of Land Reclamation and Environmental Development, Poland
  • Dr. Francisco Zavala-García Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Facultad de Agronomía, San Nicolás de los Garza, Mexico
  • Prof. Jarosław Zawadzki Warsaw University of Technology, Faculty of Construction, Hydrotechnics and Environmental Engineering, Poland
  • Assoc. Prof. Elżbieta Zębek University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Faculty of Law and Administration, Poland
  • Assoc. Prof. Agnieszka Ziernicka-Wojtaszek University of Agriculture in Kraków, Faculty of Environmental Engineering and Land Surveying, Department of Ecology, Climatology and Air Protection, Poland
  • Prof. Deki Zulkarnain Universitas Halu Oleo, Kota Kendari, Indonesia
  • Prof. Krystyna Żuk-Gołaszewska University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Poland

Polityka antyplagiatowa


Plagiarism Policy

1. The Editorial Team of the “Journal of Water and Land Development” (JWLD) is strictly against any unethical act of copying or plagiarism in any form. According to Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) plagiarism is defined as: When somebody presents the work of others (data, words or theories) as if they were his/her own and without proper acknowledgement. Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE). All manuscripts submitted for publication to JWLD are cross-checked for plagiarism using iThenticate/Turnitin software.
2. Plagiarism is the unethical act of copying someone else's prior ideas, processes, results or words without explicit acknowledgement of the original author and source. Self-plagiarism occurs when an author utilises a large part of his/her own previously published work without using appropriate references. This can range from getting the same manuscript published in multiple journals to modifying a previously published manuscript with some new data.
3. Manuscripts found to be plagiarised (overall similarity index of the manuscript should not be more than 15% for research articles and 20% for review articles with a limitation of less than 3% similarity from any individual source) during initial stages of review are out-rightly rejected and not considered for publication in the journal. In case a manuscript is found to be plagiarised after publication, the Editor-in-Chief will conduct a preliminary investigation, may be with the help of a suitable committee constituted for the purpose.
4. If the manuscript is found to be plagiarised beyond the acceptable limits, the journal will contact the author's Institute / College / University and Funding Agency, if any. A determination of misconduct will lead JWLD to run a statement bi-directionally linked online to and from the original paper, to note the plagiarism and provide a reference to the plagiarised material.
5. The paper containing the plagiarism will also be marked on each page of the PDF. Upon determination of the extent of plagiarism, the paper may also be formally retracted.

Types of Plagiarism

The following types of plagiarism are considered by JWLD:

1. Full Plagiarism: Previously published content without any changes to the text, idea and grammar is considered as full plagiarism. It involves presenting exact text from a source as one's own.
2. Partial Plagiarism: If content is a mixture from multiple different sources, where the author has extensively rephrased text, then it is known as partial plagiarism.
3. Self-Plagiarism: When an author reuses complete or portions of their pre-published research, then it is known as self-plagiarism. Complete self-plagiarism is a case when an author republishes their own previously published work in a new journal.

JWLD respects intellectual property and aims at protecting and promoting original work of its authors. Manuscripts containing plagiarised material are against the standards of quality, research and innovation. Hence, all authors submitting articles to JWLD are expected to abide by ethical standards and abstain from plagiarism, in any form.

The authors must ensure that the submitted manuscript:
- describes completely the original work;
- is not plagiarism;
- has not been published before in any language;
- the information used or words from other publications are appropriately indicated by reference or indicated in the text.
Existing copyright laws and conventions must be observed. Materials protected by copyright (for example, tables, figures or large quotations) should only be reproduced with the permission of their owner.

In case, an author is found to be suspected of plagiarism in a submitted or published manuscript then, JWLD shall contact the author(s) to submit his/her/their explanation within two weeks, which may be forwarded to the special commission constituted for the purpose, for further course of action. If JWLD does not receive any response from the author within the stipulated time period, then the Director / Dean / Head of the concerned College, Institution or Organization or the Vice Chancellor of the University to which the author is affiliated shall be contacted to take strict action against the concerned author.

JWLD shall take serious action against published manuscripts found to contain plagiarism and shall completely remove them from the JWLD website and other third party websites where the paper is listed and indexed. The moment, any article published in the JWLD database is reported to be plagiarised, JWLD will constitute a special commission to investigate the same. Upon having established that the manuscript is plagiarised from some previously published work, JWLD shall support the original author and manuscript irrespective of the publisher and may take any or all of the following immediate actions or follow the additional courses of actions*:

1. JWLD editorial office shall immediately contact the Director / Dean / Head of the concerned College, Institution or Organization or the Vice Chancellor of the University to which the author(s) is (are) affiliated to take strict action against the concerned author.
2. JWLD shall change the PDF copy of the published manuscript from the website and the term Retraction shall be appended to the published manuscript title.
3. JWLD shall disable the author account with the journal and reject all future submissions from the author for a period of 03 / 05 / 10 years or even ban the authors permanently.

*Any additional courses of action, as recommended by the commission or as deemed fit for the instant case or as decided by the Editor-in-Chief, implemented from time to time.

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