In the rapidly evolving landscape of smart cities, the integration of advanced technologies is crucial for ensuring safety, optimizing traffic flow, and enhancing the urban living experience. Vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communication and visible light communication (VLC) have emerged as promising solutions to address these challenges. This paper explores the integration of V2V communication and VLC at smart pedestrian crosswalks to enhance pedestrian safety and traffic management in smart cities. It explores the impact of neighbouring vehicles on V2V-VLC performance and proposes novel methodologies to assess traffic density effects. Results indicate a significant chance of encountering nearby cars during rush hours, emphasizing the importance of these integrated systems for safety and mobility in urban environments. The outcomes show that the chance of running into extra cars in nearby lanes is independent of the particular lane and increases to 80% through rush hours, but falls to a lower amount than 20% through off-peak and initial morning hours.

Extreme cold environments like glaciers, present substantial obstacles to the survival of organisms. Cryoconite, dark sediment covering glacier, provide unique niche for microorganisms. Therefore, we focused on understanding the diversity of fungi in Arctic ecosystems (Hansbreen, Spitsbergen), which is important in the analysis of the structure and of fungi populations. Due to a combination of two incubation temperatures (7°C or 24°C) and two media during isolation (potato dextrose agar, PDA or yeast extract peptone glucose, YPG), and classical/molecular identification approaches, we identified 20 different fungi (17 species and three unassigned species). Most belonged to filamentous fungi within the Ascomycota (19 isolates), with one identified as Basidiomycota-yeast. Regarding growth conditions, both media yielded greater number of fungal cultures at 24°C compared to 7°C. Additionally, PDA was more effective than YPG in isolating fungal cultures. On the other hand, the optimal temperature for achieving the highest CFU (colony–forming unit)/g of sediment was 7°C. The most frequently isolated species was Cladosporium cladosporioides, and to the best of our knowledge, we are the first to detect, the following species in an Arctic environment: Aspergillus jensenii, A. tennesseensis, Peziza varia, and Trichoderma paraviridescens. Additionally, there was a visible increase in the number of fungal propagules but a decrease in their biodiversity towards the upper parts of the glacier. Considering the Arctic amplification there is a need for further research on diversity and function of fungi in glacial ecosystems.