Nauki Techniczne

Archives of Foundry Engineering

Zawartość

Archives of Foundry Engineering | 2025 | Accepted articles

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Abstrakt

The study presents a numerical analysis and experimental verification of deflection of the elements of the band that forms the superstructure of a medium-sized fire-fighting and rescue vehicle. The conducted tests were aimed at the selection of the FEM numerical model enabling the identification of the strain of the structure and the determination of the state of deformation under operational loads. The numerical tool used for the analysis was the Ansys software. Based on the conducted tests, it was possible to identify the key areas of the band in which the occurrence of the highest loads is predicted. The use of a numerical solution allows for determining the safe performance level of the designed element before putting it into production. It allows, among other things, to estimate the maximum deflection of a cross-section of a given length loaded perpendicularly and parallel to the direction of extrusion. The cases analyzed in the work are important from the point of view of their application in the construction of a medium rescue and firefighting vehicle.
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Bibliografia

  1. Miller, W.S., Zhuang, L., Bottema,  J., Wittebrood, A.J., De Smet, P., Haszler, A. & Vieregge, A. (2000). Recent development in aluminium alloys for the automotive industry. Materials Science and Engineering: A. 280, 1, 37-49. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0921-5093(99)00653-X.
  2. Fridlyander, N., Sister, V.G., Grushko, O.E., Berstenev, V.V., Sheveleva, L.M. & Ivanova, L.A. (2002). Aluminum alloys: promising materials in the automotive industry. Metal Science and Heat Treatment. 44, 365-370. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1021901715578.
  3. Nowak, M. (2020). Hard anodic oxide coatings on aluminum and its alloys. Stal, Metale & Nowe Technologie. 1-2, 136-141. (in Polish).
  4. Sheasby, P. G., Pinner, R., & Wernick, S. (2001). The surface treatment and finishing of aluminium and its alloys (Vol. 1, p. 231). Materials Park, OH: ASM International.
  5. Gwóźdź, M. (2007). Design problems of modern aluminum structures. Czasopismo Techniczne. 4-A, 281-286. (in Polish).
  6. Kossakowski, P. (2014). Aluminum facades. Przegląd Budowlany. 2, 39-43. (in Polish). 
  7. Pater, Z., Tomczak, J., Bulzak, T., Knapinski, M., Sawicki, S. & Laber, K. (2021). Determination of the critical damage for 100Cr6 steel under hot forming conditions. Engineering Failure Analysis. 128, 105588, 1-17. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engfailanal.2021.105588.
  8. Kim, W.J., Kim, H.K., Kim, W.Y. & Han, S.W. (2008) Temperature and strain rate effect incorporated failure criteria for sheet forming of magnesium alloys. Materials Science and Engineering: A. 488(1-2), 468-474. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2007.11.077.
  9. Kim, S.W. & Lee, Y.S. (2014). Comparative study on failure prediction in warm forming processes of Mg alloy sheet by the FEM and ductile fracture criteria. Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B. 45B, 445-453. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11663-013-9886-9.
  10. Jia, W., Ma, L., Le, Q., Zhi, C. & Liu, P., (2019). Deformation and fracture behaviours of AZ31B Mg alloy at elevated temperature under uniaxial compression. Journal of Alloys and Compounds. 783, 863-876. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2018.12.260.
  11. Liu, J., Chen, X., Du, K., Zhou, X, Xiang, N. & Osaka, A. (2020). A modified Bonara damage model for temperature and strain rate-dependent materials in hot forging process. Engineering Fracture Mechanics. 235, 107107. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engfracmech.2020.107107.
  12. Pater, Z., Tomczak, J. & Bulzak, T. (2020). Establishment of a new hybrid fracture criterion for cross wedge rolling. International Journal of Mechanical Sciences. 167, 105274. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2019.105274.
  13. Zhu, Y., Zeng, W., Zhang, F., Zhao, Y., Zhang, X. & Wang, K. (2012). A new methodology for prediction of fracture initiation in hot compression of Ti40 titanium alloy. Materials Science and Engineering: A. A553, 112-118. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2012.05.100.
  14. Kissel, J.R. & Ferry, R.L. (2002). Aluminium Structures: A Guide to Their Specifications and Design (2nd ed.). John Wiley & Sons, New York. 
  15. Mazzolani, F.M. & Mandara, A. (2002). Modern trends in the use of special metals for the improvement of historical and monumental structures. Engineering Structures. 24(7), 843-856. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0141-0296(02)00023-8.
  16. Kossakowski, P. (2013). Aluminum – an ecological material. Przegląd Budowlany. 10, 36-41. (in Polish).
  17. Lonkwic, P., Usydus, I. & Tofil, A. (2018). Application of the numerical method to determine the deflection of an irregularly shaped aluminum profile. Obróbka metalu, Materiały Eksplatacyjne, Metrologia, Jakość. 3, 38-42. (in Polish).
  18. Dębski, H., Koszałka, G. & Ferdynus, M. (2012). Application of fem in the analysis of the structure of a trailer supporting frame with variable operation parameters. Eksploatacja i Niezawodność – Maintenance and Reliability. 14 (2), 107-114.
  19. Kawałek, A., Bajor, T., Kwapisz, M., Sawicki, S. & Borowski, J. (2021). Numerical modeling of the extrusion process of aluminum alloy 6XXX series section. Journal of Chemical Technology and Metallurgy. 56(2), 375-381.
  20. Bajor, T., Kwapisz, M., Krakowiak, M. & Jurczak, H. (2021). The analysis of the extrusion process of al 6005 alloy section. Journal of Chemical Technology and Metallurgy. 56, 3, 637-642.
  21. Kawałek, A., Rapalska-Nowakowska, J., Dyja, H. & Koczurkiewicz, B. (2013). Physical and numerical modelling of heat treatment the precipitation-hardening complex-phase steel (CP). Metalurgija. 52(1), 23-26.
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Autorzy i Afiliacje

T. Bajor
1
ORCID: ORCID
A. Kułakowska
2
ORCID: ORCID
S. Szkudelski
3
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Czestochowa University of Technology, Czestochowa, Poland
  2. Jan Dlugosz University in Częstochowa, Czestochowa, Poland
  3. Łukasiewicz Research Network - Poznań Institute of Technology, Poznan, Poland
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Abstrakt

The paper deals with monitoring the quality of a shaped part of a mould made from H13 tool steel using additive manufacturing. The shaped part of the mould is a key element in the casting of aluminium alloys by high pressure die casting (HPDC) technology and has a major influence on achieving the desired quality of the casting. This paper presents an evaluation methodology which includes the results of surface quality analysis and dimensional accuracy and stability of additively manufactured parts. These analyses were carried out from the production of the mould part to its application in the foundry operating conditions. The comprehensive analyses offer an overall view of the changes caused by individual technological operations. These operations are additive manufacturing, heat treatment, machining, and final coating before implementation into the operating conditions of the foundry. The paper also describes monitoring the quality of the mould part in regular cycles during the production of aluminium castings. This methodology and the results provide new insights in the field of engineering metallurgy.
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Bibliografia

  1. Hao, B., Lin, G.. (2020). 3D printing technology and its application in industrial manufacturing. In IOP conference series: materials science and engineering, 28-29 December 2019 (pp.022065). Qingdao, China: IOP Publishing. DOI: 10.1088/1757-899X/782/2/022065.
  2. Townsend, A., Senin, N., Blunt, L., Leach, R. & Taylor, ST. (2016). Surface texture metrology for metal additive manufacturing: a review. Precision Engineering. 46, 34-47. DOI: 10.1016/j.precisioneng.2016.06.001.
  3. Djurovic, S., Lazarević, D., Mišić, M., Živče, Š. (2024). 3D printing and CNC machining: materials, technologies, and process parameters. In International Conference of Experimental and Numerical Investigations and New Technologies, June 2023 (pp. 271-276). Springer, Cham.
  4. Li, Z., Zhang, Q., Shi, F., Wang, J., & Pasternak, H. (2024). Geometric properties of steel components with stability and fatigue risks using 3D-laser-scanning. Buildings. 14(1), 168, 1-21. DOI: 10.3390/buildings14010168.
  5. Kongre, V.U., Sherekar, M.R., Akare, D. & Bhagat, P. (2023). Manufacturing of components using rapid prototyping: a review. International Journal of Scientific Research in Science and Technology. 10(2), 739-745. DOI: 10.32628/IJSRST523102102.
  6. Salah, HR, A. (2018). 3D plot mapping of freeform using CNC-CMM: a review. Journal of Applied Physical Science. 10(3), 123-143. https://ikprress.org/index.php/JAPSI/article/view/3183.
  7. Bouguerra, O., Slama, S., Belhadj, A. & Barka, N. (2024). Experimental investigation of SLM parameters effects on roughness of 316L parts. In  Advances in Additive Manufacturing: Materials, Processes and Applications, May 2023 (pp. 228-237). Cham: Springer. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-47784-3_27.
  8. Kónya, G. (2024). Investigating the impact of productivity on surface roughness and dimensional accuracy in FDM 3D Printing.  Periodica Polytechnica Transportation Engineering. 52 (2), 128-133. DOI:10.3311/PPtr.22952.
  9. Piscopo, G., Salmi, A. & Atzeni, E. (2023). Investigation of dimensional and geometrical tolerances of laser powder directed energy deposition process. Precision Engineering. 85, 217-225. DOI: 10.1016/j.precisioneng.2023.10.006.
  10. Lin., G. (2021). Application of 3D printing technology in machining and manufacturing. CONVERTER. 1, 79-85
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Autorzy i Afiliacje

M. Pinta
1 2
ORCID: ORCID
L. Socha
1
ORCID: ORCID
K. Gryc
1
ORCID: ORCID
J. Sviželová
1
ORCID: ORCID
A. Mohamed
1
ORCID: ORCID
K. Koza
1 2
ORCID: ORCID
T. Sellner
1 2
ORCID: ORCID
M. Dvořák
3
M. Roh
4

  1. Environmental Research Department, Institute of Technology and Business in České Budějovice, Okružní 517/10, 370 01 České Budějovice, Czech Republic
  2. Department of Materials and Engineering Metallurgy, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of West Bohemia, Univerzitní 2732/8, 301 00 Plzeň, Czech Republic
  3. Tool Shop Division, MOTOR JIKOV Fostron a.s., Kněžskodvorská 2277, 370 04 České Budějovice, Czech Republic
  4. Tool Shop Division, MOTOR JIKOV Fostron a.s., Kněžskodvorská 2277, 370 04 České Budějovice, Czech Republic`
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Abstrakt

Closed cell aluminium foam offers an interesting combination of properties such as high energy absorption, stiffness, strength and low density. These properties give it great potential as an impact absorbing material which can be used in the automotive industry, military, civil engineering and others. To achieve these properties, the structure of the foam is important. The number, shape, regularity and distribution of pores are of great importance. A major disadvantage of aluminium foam is its low viscosity and consequently poor castability.

Casting of aluminium metal foam is achieved by a thermally activated chemical reaction of the foaming agent calcium carbonate (CaCO3). Different amounts of foaming agent and reaction times have been used to achieve defined porosity. With regard to process stability and manufacturing cost, optimal parameters to achieve defined porosity were found using DoE (Design of Experiment) methodology. As a result, longer agitation times were found to produce more homogeneous foams as the calcium carbonate powder was better distributed, consequently more calcium carbonate powder needs to be added as it reacts and is consumed when in contact with the melt. Experiments were performed using gravity casting and simple shapes can be made this way. Efforts are currently being made to establish a manufacturing process that can be used to produce castings with defined geometry.

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Bibliografia

  1. Rajak, D.K., Gupta, M. (2020). An insight into metal based foams. In Advanced Structured Materials (978-981). Singapore: Springer Singapore.
  2. Costanza, G., Solaiyappan, D. & Tata, M.E. (2023). Properties, applications and recent developments of cellular solid materials: a review. Materials. 16(22), 7076, 1-16. ISSN 1996-1944. DOI:10.3390/ma16227076.
  3. Bhuvanesh, M., Costanza, G. & Tata, M.E. (2023). Research progress on mechanical behavior of closed-cell al foams influenced by different TiH2 and SiC additions and correlation porosity-mechanical properties. Applied Sciences. 13(11), 6755, 1-13. DOI:10.3390/app13116755.
  4. Miyoshi, T., Itoh, M., Akiyama S. & Kitahara, A. (1998). Aluminum foam, “Alporas”: the production process, properties and applications. MRS Proceedings. 521, 133.  ISSN 0272-9172. DOI:10.1557/PROC-521-133.
  5. Ashby, M., Evans, A.G., Flack, N., Gibson, L.J. (2000). Properties of metal foams. In Metal Foams (pp. 40-54). Elsevier. DOI:10.1016/B978-075067219-1/50006-4.
  6. Simancik, F., Rajner W. & Rainhard, LAAG. (2000). Alulight - aluminum foam for lightweight construction. SAE technical paper series. 2000-03-06. DOI:10.4271/2000-01-0337.
  7. Kriszt, B., Kraft, O. & Clemens, H. (2000). Mikrostruktureigenschaften von Alporas Schaum in Abhängigkeit von thermisch mechanischer Belastung. Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik. 31(6), 478-480. ISSN 0933-5137. DOI:/10.1002/1521-4052(200006)31:6478::AID-MAWE4783.0.CO;2-0.
  8. Kulshreshtha, A. & Dhakad, S.K. (2020). Preparation of metal foam by different methods: a review. Materials Today: Proceedings. 26, 1784-1790. ISSN 22147853. DOI:10.1016/j.matpr.2020.02.375.
  9. Lefebvre, L.P., Banhart J. & Dunard, D.C. (2007). Porous Metals and Metallic Foams. DEStech Publications. ISBN 978-1-932078-28-2.
  10. Rajak, D.K., Gupta, M. (2020). Manufacturing Methods of Metal FoamsAn Insight Into Metal Based Foams: Processing, Properties and Applications. DOI:10.1007/978-981-15-9069-6_3.
  11. Banhart, J. (2001). Manufacture, characterisation and application of cellular metals and metal foams. Progress in Materials Science. 46(6), 559-632. DOI:10.1016/S0079-6425(00)00002-5.
  12. Byakova, A., Gnyloskurenko, S., Vlasov, A., Yevych Y. & Semenov, N. (2022). The mechanical performance of aluminum foam fabricated by melt processing with different foaming agents: a comparative analysis. Metals. 12(8), 1384, 1-10. ISSN 2075-4701. DOI:10.3390/met12081384.
  13. Durakovic, B. (2017). Design of experiments application, concepts, examples: State of the art. Periodicals of Engineering and Natural Sciences (PEN). 5(3). DOI:10.21533/pen.v5i3.145.
  14. Uy, M. & Telford, J.K. (2009). Optimization by Design of Experiment techniques. In 2009 IEEE Aerospace conference proceedings, 7-14 March 2009 (pp. 1-10). DOI:10.1109/AERO.2009.4839625.
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Autorzy i Afiliacje

Z. Kopanica
1
ORCID: ORCID
A. Herman
1
ORCID: ORCID
A. Kříž
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Czech Technical University in Prague, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Czech Republic
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Abstrakt

Oxygen-fuel combustion instead of air combustion for ladle baking has gradually become a new technology for ladle heating in the iron and steel industry. The optimization of oxygen-fuel burner structure is of great significance for the wide application of oxygen-fuel combustion technology in iron and steel enterprises. In this study, a three-dimensional model of 100 ton ladle was established by using the numerical simulation software FLUENT 21.0. The fluid flow, combustion and heat transfer in the process of ladle oxygen baking were studied. The ladle baking effects of four different gas pipeline diameters and four different gas nozzle spacing were compared. The results show that when the gas flow rate and oxygen flow rate are about 1:1, the roasting effect is the best. When the distance between fuel gas nozzle and oxygen nozzle is 150 mm~175 mm, the baking effect of ladle bottom and wall is better. When the diameter of gas pipe is 150 mm, the diameter of oxygen pipe is 60mm, and the distance between gas nozzle and oxygen nozzle is 150mm, the baking efficiency can reach 24.33%. The relevant research provides the basis for the application of oxygen-fuel combustion technology in 100t ladle.
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Bibliografia

  1. Li, G., Liu, J., Jiang, G. & Liu, H. (2015). Numerical simulation of temperature field and thermal stress field in the new type of ladle with the nanometer adiabatic material. Advances in Mechanical Engineering. 7(4), 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1177/1687814015575988.
  2. Peng, L., Yu, J., Zhao, H., Zhang, H. & Ziheng, S. (2023). Preliminary Investigation on the application of a semi-lightweight mullite spherical solid waste material in ladle permanent layer. Transactions of the Indian Ceramic Society. 82(4), 287-294. https://doi.org/10.1080/0371750x.2023.2260848.
  3. Yuan, F., He, D., Feng, K., Zhang, M. & Wang, H. (2018). Optimal design and experimental study of ejector for ladle baking. Steel Research International. 89(12), 1800051. https://doi.org/10.1002/srin.201800051.
  4. Deng, S., Xu, A., Yang, G. & Wang, H. (2018). Analyses and calculation of steel scrap melting in a multifunctional hot metal ladle. Steel Research International. 90(3), 18000435. https://doi.org/10.1002/srin.201800435.
  5. Bělohradský, P., Skryja, P. & Hudák, I. (2014). Experimental study on the influence of oxygen content in the combustion air on the combustion characteristics. Energy. 75, 116-126. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2014.04.026.
  6. Nemitallah, M.A., Habib, M.A., Badr, H.M., Said, S.A., Jamal, A., Ben-Mansour, R., Mokheimer, E.M.A. & Mezghani, K. (2017). Oxy-fuel combustion technology: current status, applications, and trends. International Journal of Energy Research. 41(12), 1670-1708. https://doi.org/10.1002/er.3722.
  7. Liu, W., Zuo, H., Wang, J., Xue, Q., Ren, B. & Yang, F. (2021). The production and application of hydrogen in steel industry. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy. 46(17), 10548-10569. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.12.123.
  8. Xie, W., Ma, J., Wang, D., Liu, Z. & Yang, A. (2024). Research on the carbon reduction technology path of the iron and steel industry based on a multi-objective genetic algorithm. Sustainability. 16(7), 2966, 1-30. https://doi.org/10.3390/su16072966.
  9. Löschau, M. (2018). Effects of combustion temperature on air emissions and support fuel consumption in full scale fluidized bed sludge incineration: with particular focus on nitrogen oxides and total organic carbon. Waste Management & Research: The Journal for a Sustainable Circular Economy. 36(4), 342-350. https://doi.org/10.1177/0734242x18755895.
  10. Tian, Y., Yang, S., Le, J., Zhong, F. & Tian, X. (2017). Investigation of combustion process of a kerosene fueled combustor with air throttling. Combustion and Flame. 179, 74-85. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.combustflame.2017.01.021.
  11. Yuan, F., Wang, H.-B., Zhou, P.-L. & Xu, A.-J. (2018). Combustion performance of nozzles with multiple gas orifices in large ladles for temperature uniformity. Journal of Iron and Steel Research International. 25(4), 387-397. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42243-018-0048-9.
  12. Moradi, J., Gharehghani, A. & Mirsalim, M. (2020). Numerical investigation on the effect of oxygen in combustion characteristics and to extend low load operating range of a natural-gas HCCI engine. Applied Energy. 276, 115516. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2020.115516.
  13. Shan, S., Chen, B., Zhou, Z. & Zhang, Y. (2022). A review on fundmental research of oxy-coal combustion technology. Thermal Science. 26(2C), 1945-1958. https://doi.org/10.2298/tsci210329238s.
  14. Shi, B., Hu, J. & Ishizuka, S. (2015). Carbon dioxide diluted methane/oxygen combustion in a rapidly mixed tubular flame burner. Combustion and Flame. 162(2), 420-430. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.combustflame.2014.07.022.
  15. Wang, H., Lei, Q., Li, P., Liu, C., Xue, Y., Zhang, X., Li, C. & Yang, Z. (2021). Key CO2 capture technology of pure oxygen exhaust gas combustion for syngas-fueled high-temperature fuel cells. International Journal of Coal Science & Technology. 8(3), 383-393. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40789-021-00445-1.
  16. Toftegaard, M.B., Brix, J., Jensen, P.A. Glarborg, P. & Jensen, A.D. (2010). Oxy-fuel combustion of solid fuels. Progress in Energy and Combustion Science. 36(5), 581-625. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pecs.2010.02.001.
  17. Jovanovic, R., Swiatkowski, B., Kakietek, S., Škobalj, P., Lazović, I. & Cvetinovic, D. (2019). Mathematical modelling of swirl oxy-fule burner flame characteristics. Energy Conversion and Management. 191, 193-207. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2019.04.027.
  18. Gao, K., Ke, X., Du, B., Wang, Z., Jin, Y., Huang, Z., Li, Y. & Liu, X. (2024). Simulation of gas–solid flow characteristics of the circulating fluidized bed boiler under pure-oxygen combustion conditions. Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering. 70, 9-19. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cjche.2024.02.008.
  19. Shi, B., Shimokuri, D. & Ishizuka, S. (2014). Reexamination on methane/oxygen combustion in a rapidly mixed type tubular flame burner. Combustion and Flame. 161(5), 1310-1325. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.combustflame.2013.11.001.
  20. Zhuang, S., Zhan, D., Wang, T., Li, P. & Yang, Y. (2023). Influence of oxy-fuel lance parameters on the scrap pre-heating temperature in the hot metal ladle. Metals. 13(5), 1-19. https://doi.org/10.3390/met13050847.
  21. Zhang, H., Zhou, P. & Yuan, F. (2021). Effects of ladle lid or online preheating on heat preservation of ladle linings and temperature drop of molten steel. Energy. 214, 118896. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2020.118896.
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Autorzy i Afiliacje

Xiaoyao Wang
1
Guangqiang Liu
1
Yuanxin Liu
1
Jian Wang
2

  1. Liaoning University of Science and Technology, China
  2. Technology Research Center of Bengang, China

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4. Multiple or concurrent publication: Authors should not in general publish a manuscript describing essentially the same research in more than one journal. Submitting the same manuscript to more than one journal concurrently constitutes unethical publishing behavior and is unacceptable.
5. Authorship of the manuscript: Authorship should be limited to those who have made a significant contribution to the conception, design, execution, or interpretation of the report study. All those who have made contributions should be listed as co-authors. The corresponding author should ensure that all appropriate co-authors and no inappropriate co-authors are included in the paper, and that all co-authors have seen and approved the final version of the paper and have agreed to its submission for publication.
6. Acknowledgement of sources: The proper acknowledgment of the work of others must always be given. The authors should cite publications that have been influential in determining the scope of the reported work.
7. Fundamental errors in published works: When the author discovers a significant error or inaccuracy in his/her own published work, it is the author’s obligation to promptly notify the journal editor or publisher and cooperate with the editor to retract or correct the paper.

Duties of Reviewers
1. Contribution to editorial decisions: Peer reviews assist the editor in making editorial decisions and may also help authors to improve their manuscript.
2. Promptness: Any selected reviewer who feels unqualified to review the research reported in a manuscript or knows that its timely review will be impossible should notify the editor and excuse himself/herself from the review process.
3. Confidentiality: All manuscript received for review must be treated as confidential documents. They must not be shown to or discussed with others except those authorized by the editor.
4. Standards of objectivity: Reviews should be conducted objectively. Personal criticism of the author is inappropriate. Reviewers should express their views clearly with appropriate supporting arguments.
5. Acknowledgement of sources: Reviewers should identify the relevant published work that has not been cited by authors. Any substantial similarity or overlap between the manuscript under consideration and any other published paper should be reported to the editor.
6. Disclosure and conflict of Interest: Privileged information or ideas obtained through peer review must be kept confidential and not used for personal advantage. Reviewers should not consider evaluating manuscripts in which they have conflicts of interest resulting from competitive, collaborative, or other relations with any of the authors, companies, or institutions involved in writing a paper.

Procedura recenzowania


Review Procedure


The Review Procedure for articles submitted to the Archives of Foundry Engineering agrees with the recommendations of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education published in a booklet: ‘Dobre praktyki w procedurach recenzyjnych w nauce’ (MNiSW, Dobre praktyki w procedurach recenzyjnych w nauce, Warszawa 2011).

Papers submitted to the Editorial System are primarily screened by editors with respect to scope, formal issues and used template. Texts with obvious errors (formatting other than requested, missing references, evidently low scientific quality) will be rejected at this stage or will be sent for the adjustments.

Once verified each article is checked by the anti-plagiarism system Cross Check powered by iThenticate®. After the positive response, the article is moved into: Initially verified manuscripts. When the similarity level is too high, the article will be rejected. There is no strict rule (i.e., percentage of the similarity), and it is always subject to the Editor’s decision.
Initially verified manuscripts are then sent to at least four independent referees outside the author’s institution and at least two of them outside of Poland, who:

have no conflict of interests with the author,
are not in professional relationships with the author,
are competent in a given discipline and have at least a doctorate degree and respective
scientific achievements,
have a good reputation as reviewers.


The review form is available online at the Journal’s Editorial System and contains the following sections:

1. Article number and title in the Editorial System

2. The statement of the Reviewer (to choose the right options):

I declare that I have not guessed the identity of the Author. I declare that I have guessed the identity of the Author, but there is no conflict of interest

3. Detailed evaluation of the manuscript against other researches published to this point:

Do you think that the paper title corresponds with its contents?
Yes No
Do you think that the abstract expresses the paper contents well?
Yes No
Are the results or methods presented in the paper novel?
Yes No
Do the author(s) state clearly what they have achieved?
Yes No
Do you find the terminology employed proper?
Yes No
Do you find the bibliography representative and up-to-date?
Yes No
Do you find all necessary illustrations and tables?
Yes No
Do you think that the paper will be of interest to the journal readers?
Yes No

4. Reviewer conclusion

Accept without changes
Accept after changes suggested by reviewer.
Rate manuscript once again after major changes and another review
Reject


5. Information for Editors (not visible for authors).

6. Information for Authors


Reviewing is carried out in the double blind process (authors and reviewers do not know each other’s names).

The appointed reviewers obtain summary of the text and it is his/her decision upon accepting/rejecting the paper for review within a given time period 21 days.

The reviewers are obliged to keep opinions about the paper confidential and to not use knowledge about it before publication.

The reviewers send their review to the Archives of Foundry Engineering by Editorial System. The review is archived in the system.

Editors do not accept reviews, which do not conform to merit and formal rules of scientific reviewing like short positive or negative remarks not supported by a close scrutiny or definitely critical reviews with positive final conclusion. The reviewer’s remarks are sent to the author. He/she has to consider all remarks and revise the text accordingly.

The author of the text has the right to comment on the conclusions in case he/she does not agree with them. He/she can request the article withdrawal at any step of the article processing.

The Editor-in-Chief (supported by members of the Editorial Board) decides on publication based on remarks and conclusions presented by the reviewers, author’s comments and the final version of the manuscript.

The final Editor’s decision can be as follows:
Accept without changes
Reject


The rules for acceptance or rejection of the paper and the review form are available on the Web page of the AFE publisher.

Once a year Editorial Office publishes present list of cooperating reviewers.
Reviewing is free of charge.
All articles, including those rejected and withdrawn, are archived in the Editorial System.

Recenzenci

List of Reviewers 2022

Shailee Acharya - S. V. I. T Vasad, India
Vivek Ayar - Birla Vishvakarma Mahavidyalaya Vallabh Vidyanagar, India
Mohammad Azadi - Semnan University, Iran
Azwinur Azwinur - Politeknik Negeri Lhokseumawe, Indonesia
Czesław Baron - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Dariusz Bartocha - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Iwona Bednarczyk - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Artur Bobrowski - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków
Poland Łukasz Bohdal - Koszalin University of Technology, Koszalin Poland
Danka Bolibruchova - University of Zilina, Slovak Republic
Joanna Borowiecka-Jamrozek- The Kielce University of Technology, Poland
Debashish Bose - Metso Outotec India Private Limited, Vadodara, India
Andriy Burbelko - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków
Poland Ganesh Chate - KLS Gogte Institute of Technology, India
Murat Çolak - Bayburt University, Turkey
Adam Cwudziński - Politechnika Częstochowska, Częstochowa, Poland
Derya Dispinar- Istanbul Technical University, Turkey
Rafał Dojka - ODLEWNIA RAFAMET Sp. z o. o., Kuźnia Raciborska, Poland
Anna Dolata - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Tomasz Dyl - Gdynia Maritime University, Gdynia, Poland
Maciej Dyzia - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Eray Erzi - Istanbul University, Turkey
Flora Faleschini - University of Padova, Italy
Imre Felde - Obuda University, Hungary
Róbert Findorák - Technical University of Košice, Slovak Republic
Aldona Garbacz-Klempka - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Katarzyna Gawdzińska - Maritime University of Szczecin, Poland
Marek Góral - Rzeszow University of Technology, Poland
Barbara Grzegorczyk - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Grzegorz Gumienny - Technical University of Lodz, Poland
Ozen Gursoy - University of Padova, Italy
Gábor Gyarmati - University of Miskolc, Hungary
Jakub Hajkowski - Poznan University of Technology, Poland
Marek Hawryluk - Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Poland
Aleš Herman - Czech Technical University in Prague, Czech Republic
Mariusz Holtzer - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Małgorzata Hosadyna-Kondracka - Łukasiewicz Research Network - Krakow Institute of Technology, Poland
Dario Iljkić - University of Rijeka, Croatia
Magdalena Jabłońska - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Nalepa Jakub - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Jarosław Jakubski - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Aneta Jakubus - Akademia im. Jakuba z Paradyża w Gorzowie Wielkopolskim, Poland
Łukasz Jamrozowicz - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Krzysztof Janerka - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Karolina Kaczmarska - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Jadwiga Kamińska - Łukasiewicz Research Network – Krakow Institute of Technology, Poland
Justyna Kasinska - Kielce University Technology, Poland
Magdalena Kawalec - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Gholamreza Khalaj - Islamic Azad University, Saveh Branch, Iran
Angelika Kmita - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Marcin Kondracki - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice Poland
Vitaliy Korendiy - Lviv Polytechnic National University, Lviv, Ukraine
Aleksandra Kozłowska - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Ivana Kroupová - VSB - Technical University of Ostrava, Czech Republic
Malgorzata Lagiewka - Politechnika Czestochowska, Częstochowa, Poland
Janusz Lelito - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Jingkun Li - University of Science and Technology Beijing, China
Petr Lichy - Technical University Ostrava, Czech Republic
Y.C. Lin - Central South University, China
Mariusz Łucarz - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Ewa Majchrzak - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Barnali Maji - NIT-Durgapur: National Institute of Technology, Durgapur, India
Pawel Malinowski - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Marek Matejka - University of Zilina, Slovak Republic
Bohdan Mochnacki - Technical University of Occupational Safety Management, Katowice, Poland
Grzegorz Moskal - Silesian University of Technology, Poland
Kostiantyn Mykhalenkov - National Academy of Science of Ukraine, Ukraine
Dawid Myszka - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Maciej Nadolski - Czestochowa University of Technology, Poland
Krzysztof Naplocha - Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Poland
Daniel Nowak - Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Poland
Tomáš Obzina - VSB - Technical University of Ostrava, Czech Republic
Peiman Omranian Mohammadi - Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Iran
Zenon Opiekun - Politechnika Rzeszowska, Rzeszów, Poland
Onur Özbek - Duzce University, Turkey
Richard Pastirčák - University of Žilina, Slovak Republic
Miroslawa Pawlyta - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Jacek Pezda - ATH Bielsko-Biała, Poland
Bogdan Piekarski - Zachodniopomorski Uniwersytet Technologiczny, Szczecin, Poland
Jacek Pieprzyca - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Bogusław Pisarek - Politechnika Łódzka, Poland
Marcela Pokusová - Slovak Technical University in Bratislava, Slovak Republic
Hartmut Polzin - TU Bergakademie Freiberg, Germany
Cezary Rapiejko - Lodz University of Technology, Poland
Arron Rimmer - ADI Treatments, Doranda Way, West Bromwich, West Midlands, United Kingdom
Jaromír Roučka - Brno University of Technology, Czech Republic
Charnnarong Saikaew - Khon Kaen University Thailand Amit Sata - MEFGI, Faculty of Engineering, India
Mariola Saternus - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Vasudev Shinde - DKTE' s Textile and Engineering India Robert Sika - Politechnika Poznańska, Poznań, Poland
Bozo Smoljan - University North Croatia, Croatia
Leszek Sowa - Politechnika Częstochowska, Częstochowa, Poland
Sławomir Spadło - Kielce University of Technology, Poland
Mateusz Stachowicz - Wroclaw University of Technology, Poland
Marcin Stawarz - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Grzegorz Stradomski - Czestochowa University of Technology, Poland
Roland Suba - Schaeffler Skalica, spol. s r.o., Slovak Republic
Maciej Sułowski - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Jan Szajnar - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Michal Szucki - TU Bergakademie Freiberg, Germany
Tomasz Szymczak - Lodz University of Technology, Poland
Damian Słota - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Grzegorz Tęcza - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Marek Tkocz - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Andrzej Trytek - Rzeszow University of Technology, Poland
Mirosław Tupaj - Rzeszow University of Technology, Poland
Robert B Tuttle - Western Michigan University United States Seyed Ebrahim Vahdat - Ayatollah Amoli Branch, Islamic Azad University, Amol, Iran
Iveta Vaskova - Technical University of Kosice, Slovak Republic
Dorota Wilk-Kołodziejczyk - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Ryszard Władysiak - Lodz University of Technology, Poland
Çağlar Yüksel - Atatürk University, Turkey
Renata Zapała - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Jerzy Zych - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Andrzej Zyska - Czestochowa University of Technology, Poland



List of Reviewers 2021

Czesław Baron - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Imam Basori - State University of Jakarta, Indonesia
Leszek Blacha - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice
Poland Artur Bobrowski - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Danka Bolibruchova - University of Zilina, Slovak Republic
Pedro Brito - Pontifical Catholic University of Minas Gerais, Brazil
Marek Bruna - University of Zilina, Slovak Republic
Marcin Brzeziński - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Andriy Burbelko - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Alexandros Charitos - TU Bergakademie Freiberg, Germany
Ganesh Chate - KLS Gogte Institute of Technology, India
L.Q. Chen - Northeastern University, China
Zhipei Chen - University of Technology, Netherlands
Józef Dańko - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Brij Dhindaw - Indian Institute of Technology Bhubaneswar, India
Derya Dispinar - Istanbul Technical University, Turkey
Rafał Dojka - ODLEWNIA RAFAMET Sp. z o. o., Kuźnia Raciborska, Poland
Anna Dolata - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Agnieszka Dulska - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Maciej Dyzia - Silesian University of Technology, Poland
Eray Erzi - Istanbul University, Turkey
Przemysław Fima - Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science PAN, Kraków, Poland
Aldona Garbacz-Klempka - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Dipak Ghosh - Forace Polymers P Ltd., India
Beata Grabowska - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Adam Grajcar - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Grzegorz Gumienny - Technical University of Lodz, Poland
Gábor Gyarmati - Foundry Institute, University of Miskolc, Hungary
Krzysztof Herbuś - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Aleš Herman - Czech Technical University in Prague, Czech Republic
Mariusz Holtzer - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Małgorzata Hosadyna-Kondracka - Łukasiewicz Research Network - Krakow Institute of Technology, Kraków, Poland
Jarosław Jakubski - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Krzysztof Janerka - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Robert Jasionowski - Maritime University of Szczecin, Poland
Agata Jażdżewska - Gdansk University of Technology, Poland
Jan Jezierski - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Karolina Kaczmarska - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Jadwiga Kamińska - Centre of Casting Technology, Łukasiewicz Research Network – Krakow Institute of Technology, Poland
Adrian Kampa - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Wojciech Kapturkiewicz- AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Tatiana Karkoszka - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Gholamreza Khalaj - Islamic Azad University, Saveh Branch, Iran
Himanshu Khandelwal - National Institute of Foundry & Forging Technology, Hatia, Ranchi, India
Angelika Kmita - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Grzegorz Kokot - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Ladislav Kolařík - CTU in Prague, Czech Republic
Marcin Kondracki - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Dariusz Kopyciński - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Janusz Kozana - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Tomasz Kozieł - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Aleksandra Kozłowska - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice Poland
Halina Krawiec - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Ivana Kroupová - VSB - Technical University of Ostrava, Czech Republic
Wacław Kuś - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Jacques Lacaze - University of Toulouse, France
Avinash Lakshmikanthan - Nitte Meenakshi Institute of Technology, India
Jaime Lazaro-Nebreda - Brunel Centre for Advanced Solidification Technology, Brunel University London, United Kingdom
Janusz Lelito - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Tomasz Lipiński - University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Poland
Mariusz Łucarz - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Maria Maj - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Jerzy Mendakiewicz - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Hanna Myalska-Głowacka - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Kostiantyn Mykhalenkov - Physics-Technological Institute of Metals and Alloys, National Academy of Science of Ukraine, Ukraine
Dawid Myszka - Politechnika Warszawska, Warszawa, Poland
Maciej Nadolski - Czestochowa University of Technology, Poland
Daniel Nowak - Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Poland
Mitsuhiro Okayasu - Okayama University, Japan
Agung Pambudi - Sebelas Maret University in Indonesia, Indonesia
Richard Pastirčák - University of Žilina, Slovak Republic
Bogdan Piekarski - Zachodniopomorski Uniwersytet Technologiczny, Szczecin, Poland
Bogusław Pisarek - Politechnika Łódzka, Poland
Seyda Polat - Kocaeli University, Turkey
Hartmut Polzin - TU Bergakademie Freiberg, Germany
Alena Pribulova - Technical University of Košice, Slovak Republic
Cezary Rapiejko - Lodz University of Technology, Poland
Arron Rimmer - ADI Treatments, Doranda Way, West Bromwich West Midlands, United Kingdom
Iulian Riposan - Politehnica University of Bucharest, Romania
Ferdynand Romankiewicz - Uniwersytet Zielonogórski, Zielona Góra, Poland
Mario Rosso - Politecnico di Torino, Italy
Jaromír Roučka - Brno University of Technology, Czech Republic
Charnnarong Saikaew - Khon Kaen University, Thailand
Mariola Saternus - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Karthik Shankar - Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham , Amritapuri, India
Vasudev Shinde - Shivaji University, Kolhapur, Rajwada, Ichalkaranji, India
Robert Sika - Politechnika Poznańska, Poznań, Poland
Jerzy Sobczak - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Sebastian Sobula - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Marek Soiński - Akademia im. Jakuba z Paradyża w Gorzowie Wielkopolskim, Poland
Mateusz Stachowicz - Wroclaw University of Technology, Poland
Marcin Stawarz - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Andrzej Studnicki - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Mayur Sutaria - Charotar University of Science and Technology, CHARUSAT, Gujarat, India
Maciej Sułowski - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Sutiyoko Sutiyoko - Manufacturing Polytechnic of Ceper, Klaten, Indonesia
Tomasz Szymczak - Lodz University of Technology, Poland
Marek Tkocz - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Andrzej Trytek - Rzeszow University of Technology, Poland
Jacek Trzaska - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Robert B Tuttle - Western Michigan University, United States
Muhammet Uludag - Selcuk University, Turkey
Seyed Ebrahim Vahdat - Ayatollah Amoli Branch, Islamic Azad University, Amol, Iran
Tomasz Wrobel - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Ryszard Władysiak - Lodz University of Technology, Poland
Antonin Zadera - Brno University of Technology, Czech Republic
Renata Zapała - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Bo Zhang - Hunan University of Technology, China
Xiang Zhang - Wuhan University of Science and Technology, China
Eugeniusz Ziółkowski - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Sylwia Żymankowska-Kumon - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Andrzej Zyska - Czestochowa University of Technology, Poland



List of Reviewers 2020

Shailee Acharya - S. V. I. T Vasad, India
Mohammad Azadi - Semnan University, Iran
Rafał Babilas - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Czesław Baron - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Dariusz Bartocha - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Emin Bayraktar - Supmeca/LISMMA-Paris, France
Jaroslav Beňo - VSB-Technical University of Ostrava, Czech Republic
Artur Bobrowski - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Grzegorz Boczkal - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Wojciech Borek - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Pedro Brito - Pontifical Catholic University of Minas Gerais, Brazil
Marek Bruna - University of Žilina, Slovak Republic
John Campbell - University of Birmingham, United Kingdom
Ganesh Chate - Gogte Institute of Technology, India
L.Q. Chen - Northeastern University, China
Mirosław Cholewa - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Khanh Dang - Hanoi University of Science and Technology, Viet Nam
Vladislav Deev - Wuhan Textile University, China
Brij Dhindaw - Indian Institute of Technology Bhubaneswar, India
Derya Dispinar - Istanbul Technical University, Turkey
Malwina Dojka - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Rafał Dojka - ODLEWNIA RAFAMET Sp. z o. o., Kuźnia Raciborska, Poland
Anna Dolata - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Agnieszka Dulska - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Tomasz Dyl - Gdynia Maritime University, Poland
Maciej Dyzia - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Eray Erzi - Istanbul University, Turkey
Katarzyna Gawdzińska - Maritime University of Szczecin, Poland
Sergii Gerasin - Pryazovskyi State Technical University, Ukraine
Dipak Ghosh - Forace Polymers Ltd, India
Marcin Górny - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Marcin Gołąbczak - Lodz University of Technology, Poland
Beata Grabowska - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Adam Grajcar - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Grzegorz Gumienny - Technical University of Lodz, Poland
Libor Hlavac - VSB Ostrava, Czech Republic
Mariusz Holtzer - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Philippe Jacquet - ECAM, Lyon, France
Jarosław Jakubski - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Damian Janicki - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Witold Janik - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Robert Jasionowski - Maritime University of Szczecin, Poland
Jan Jezierski - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Jadwiga Kamińska - Łukasiewicz Research Network – Krakow Institute of Technology, Poland
Justyna Kasinska - Kielce University Technology, Poland
Magdalena Kawalec - Akademia Górniczo-Hutnicza, Kraków, Poland
Angelika Kmita - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Ladislav Kolařík -Institute of Engineering Technology CTU in Prague, Czech Republic
Marcin Kondracki - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Sergey Konovalov - Samara National Research University, Russia
Aleksandra Kozłowska - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Janusz Krawczyk - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Halina Krawiec - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Ivana Kroupová - VSB - Technical University of Ostrava, Czech Republic
Agnieszka Kupiec-Sobczak - Cracow University of Technology, Poland
Tomasz Lipiński - University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Poland
Aleksander Lisiecki - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Krzysztof Lukaszkowicz - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Mariusz Łucarz - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Katarzyna Major-Gabryś - AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Pavlo Maruschak - Ternopil Ivan Pului National Technical University, Ukraine
Sanjay Mohan - Shri Mata Vaishno Devi University, India
Marek Mróz - Politechnika Rzeszowska, Rzeszów, Poland
Sebastian Mróz - Czestochowa University of Technology, Poland
Kostiantyn Mykhalenkov - National Academy of Science of Ukraine, Ukraine
Dawid Myszka - Politechnika Warszawska, Warszawa, Poland
Maciej Nadolski - Czestochowa University of Technology, Częstochowa, Poland
Konstantin Nikitin - Samara State Technical University, Russia
Daniel Pakuła - Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland


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